1
|
Lara AR, Utrilla J, Martínez LM, Krausch N, Kaspersetz L, Hidalgo D, Cruz-Bournazou N, Neubauer P, Sigala JC, Gosset G, Büchs J. Recombinant protein expression in proteome-reduced cells under aerobic and oxygen-limited regimes. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1216-1230. [PMID: 38178599 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Industrial cultures are hindered by the physiological complexity of the host and the limited mass transfer capacity of conventional bioreactors. In this study, a minimal cell approach was combined with genetic devices to overcome such issues. A flavin mononucleotide-based fluorescent protein (FbFP) was expressed in a proteome-reduced Escherichia coli (PR). When FbFP was expressed from a constitutive protein generator (CPG), the PR strain produced 47% and 35% more FbFP than its wild type (WT), in aerobic or oxygen-limited regimes, respectively. Metabolic and expression models predicted more efficient biomass formation at higher fluxes to FbFP, in agreement with these results. A microaerobic protein generator (MPG) and a microaerobic transcriptional cascade (MTC) were designed to induce FbFP expression upon oxygen depletion. The FbFP fluorescence using the MTC in the PR strain was 9% higher than that of the WT bearing the CPG under oxygen limitation. To further improve the PR strain, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex regulator gene was deleted, and the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin was expressed. Compared to oxygen-limited cultures of the WT, the engineered strains increased the FbFP expression more than 50% using the MTC. Therefore, the designed expression systems can be a valuable alternative for industrial cultivations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro R Lara
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jose Utrilla
- Synthetic Biology Program, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Luz María Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Niels Krausch
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucas Kaspersetz
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Hidalgo
- Synthetic Biology Program, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - Peter Neubauer
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juan-Carlos Sigala
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Guillermo Gosset
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Jochen Büchs
- Chair of Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de la Cruz M, Kunert F, Taymaz-Nikerel H, Sigala JC, Gosset G, Büchs J, Lara AR. Increasing the Pentose Phosphate Pathway Flux to Improve Plasmid DNA Production in Engineered E. coli. Microorganisms 2024; 12:150. [PMID: 38257977 PMCID: PMC10820320 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The demand of plasmid DNA (pDNA) as a key element for gene therapy products, as well as mRNA and DNA vaccines, is increasing together with the need for more efficient production processes. An engineered E. coli strain lacking the phosphotransferase system and the pyruvate kinase A gene has been shown to produce more pDNA than its parental strain. With the aim of improving pDNA production in the engineered strain, several strategies to increase the flux to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) were evaluated. The simultaneous consumption of glucose and glycerol was a simple way to increase the growth rate, pDNA production rate, and supercoiled fraction (SCF). The overexpression of key genes from the PPP also improved pDNA production in glucose, but not in mixtures of glucose and glycerol. Particularly, the gene coding for the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) strongly improved the SCF, growth rate, and pDNA production rate. A linear relationship between the G6PDH activity and pDNA yield was found. A higher flux through the PPP was confirmed by flux balance analysis, which also estimates relevant differences in fluxes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. These results are useful for developing further cell engineering strategies to increase pDNA production and quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi de la Cruz
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 05348, Mexico
| | - Flavio Kunert
- Chair of Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hilal Taymaz-Nikerel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, 34060 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Juan-Carlos Sigala
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 05348, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Gosset
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico
| | - Jochen Büchs
- Chair of Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alvaro R. Lara
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gotsmy M, Strobl F, Weiß F, Gruber P, Kraus B, Mairhofer J, Zanghellini J. Sulfate limitation increases specific plasmid DNA yield and productivity in E. coli fed-batch processes. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:242. [PMID: 38017439 PMCID: PMC10685491 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02248-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmid DNA (pDNA) is a key biotechnological product whose importance became apparent in the last years due to its role as a raw material in the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine manufacturing process. In pharmaceutical production processes, cells need to grow in the defined medium in order to guarantee the highest standards of quality and repeatability. However, often these requirements result in low product titer, productivity, and yield. In this study, we used constraint-based metabolic modeling to optimize the average volumetric productivity of pDNA production in a fed-batch process. We identified a set of 13 nutrients in the growth medium that are essential for cell growth but not for pDNA replication. When these nutrients are depleted in the medium, cell growth is stalled and pDNA production is increased, raising the specific and volumetric yield and productivity. To exploit this effect we designed a three-stage process (1. batch, 2. fed-batch with cell growth, 3. fed-batch without cell growth). The transition between stage 2 and 3 is induced by sulfate starvation. Its onset can be easily controlled via the initial concentration of sulfate in the medium. We validated the decoupling behavior of sulfate and assessed pDNA quality attributes (supercoiled pDNA content) in E. coli with lab-scale bioreactor cultivations. The results showed an increase in supercoiled pDNA to biomass yield by 33% and an increase of supercoiled pDNA volumetric productivity by 13 % upon limitation of sulfate. In conclusion, even for routinely manufactured biotechnological products such as pDNA, simple changes in the growth medium can significantly improve the yield and quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gotsmy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
- Doctorate School of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | | | | | - Petra Gruber
- Baxalta Innovations GmbH, A Part of Takeda Companies, Orth an der Donau, 2304, Austria
| | - Barbara Kraus
- Baxalta Innovations GmbH, A Part of Takeda Companies, Orth an der Donau, 2304, Austria
| | | | - Jürgen Zanghellini
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
An Q, Zhang M, Guo D, Wang G, Xu H, Fan C, Li J, Zhang W, Li Y, Chen X, You W, Zhao R. Cr(VI) Removal by Recombinant Escherichia coli Harboring the Main Functional Genes of Sporosarcina saromensis M52. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:820657. [PMID: 35308358 PMCID: PMC8927625 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.820657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], a recognized heavy metal pollutant, has attracted much attention because of its negative impact on the ecological environment and human health. A chromium-resistant strain, Sporosarcina saromensis M52, was discovered, and the functional genes orf2987, orf3015, orf0415, and orf3237 were identified in the strain by genomics. With the advancement of DNA recombination and gene-splicing technology, genetic engineering technology was used to produce recombinant strains 2987, 3015, 0415, and 3237. The study revealed Cr(VI) tolerance in the order of M52 ≈ 2987 > 3015 ≈ 0415 > 3237 and reduction abilities in the order of M52 ≈ 2987 > 3015 > 0415 ≈ 3237. SEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR and XPS were utilized to examine the surface structure of the recombinant strains and analyze the surface components and main functional groups. A comprehensive review of the recombinant strains’ capacity to tolerate and reduce Cr(VI) revealed that orf2987 and orf0415 were the main functional genes in Sporosarcina saromensis M52, which may play a key role in removing Cr(VI) and protecting the strain, respectively. The optimum pH for recombinant strains 2987 and 0415 was 7.5–8.5, and the optimum temperature was 37°C. Cu2+ had the greatest promotional effect when Cr(VI) was removed by them, while SDS had an inhibitory effect. This research provided the foundation for further study into the mechanism of Cr(VI) reduction in Sporosarcina saromensis M52, as well as a theoretical basis for the development of effective engineered strains to repair Cr(VI) contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying An
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Huzhou Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Huzhou, China
| | - Dongbei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guangshun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiayao Li
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wanting You
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taymaz-Nikerel H, Lara AR. Vitreoscilla Haemoglobin: A Tool to Reduce Overflow Metabolism. Microorganisms 2021; 10:microorganisms10010043. [PMID: 35056491 PMCID: PMC8779101 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Overflow metabolism is a phenomenon extended in nature, ranging from microbial to cancer cells. Accumulation of overflow metabolites pose a challenge for large-scale bioprocesses. Yet, the causes of overflow metabolism are not fully clarified. In this work, the underlying mechanisms, reasons and consequences of overflow metabolism in different organisms have been summarized. The reported effect of aerobic expression of Vitreoscilla haemoglobin (VHb) in different organisms are revised. The use of VHb to reduce overflow metabolism is proposed and studied through flux balance analysis in E. coli at a fixed maximum substrate and oxygen uptake rates. Simulations showed that the presence of VHb increases the growth rate, while decreasing acetate production, in line with the experimental measurements. Therefore, aerobic VHb expression is considered a potential tool to reduce overflow metabolism in cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Taymaz-Nikerel
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Istanbul Bilgi University, İstanbul 34060, Turkey;
| | - Alvaro R. Lara
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 05348, Mexico
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu F, Zhao X, Wang Z, Liu L, Yi L, Zhou J, Li J, Chen J, Du G. Recent Advances in the Physicochemical Properties and Biotechnological Application of Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071455. [PMID: 34361891 PMCID: PMC8306070 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb), the first discovered bacterial hemoglobin, is a soluble heme-binding protein with a faster rate of oxygen dissociation. Since it can enhance cell growth, product synthesis and stress tolerance, VHb has been widely applied in the field of metabolic engineering for microorganisms, plants, and animals. Especially under oxygen-limited conditions, VHb can interact with terminal oxidase to deliver enough oxygen to achieve high-cell-density fermentation. In recent years, with the development of bioinformatics and synthetic biology, several novel physicochemical properties and metabolic regulatory effects of VHb have been discovered and numerous strategies have been utilized to enhance the expression level of VHb in various hosts, which greatly promotes its applications in biotechnology. Thus, in this review, the new information regarding structure, function and expressional tactics for VHb is summarized to understand its latest applications and pave a new way for the future improvement of biosynthesis for other products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinrui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (G.D.)
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Luyao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Lingfeng Yi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Guocheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; (F.Y.); (Z.W.); (L.L.); (L.Y.); (J.Z.); (J.L.); (J.C.)
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (G.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Velazquez D, Jaén KE, Sigala JC, Lara AR. Minimized backbone and novel microaerobic promoters boost plasmid DNA production. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
8
|
Enhancing microaerobic plasmid DNA production by chromosomal expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin in E. coli. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
9
|
Lara AR, Galindo J, Jaén KE, Juárez M, Sigala JC. Physiological Response of Escherichia coli W3110 and BL21 to the Aerobic Expression of Vitreoscilla Hemoglobin. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1592-1596. [PMID: 32699196 PMCID: PMC9728183 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2004.04030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The aerobic growth and metabolic performance of Escherichia coli strains BL21 and W3110 were studied when the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) was constitutively expressed in the chromosome. When VHb was expressed, acetate production decreased in both strains and was nearly eliminated in BL21. Transcriptional levels of the glyoxylate shunt genes decreased in both strains when VHb was expressed. However, higher transcription of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase genes were observed for W3110, while for BL21 transcription levels decreased. VHb expression reduced the transcription of the cytochrome bo3 genes only in BL21. These results are useful for better selecting a production host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro R. Lara
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe, CP 05348, Mexico City, Mexico,Corresponding author Phone: +52-55-58146500 Fax: +52-55-58146500 E-mail:
| | - Janet Galindo
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe, CP 05348, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karim E. Jaén
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe, CP 05348, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Juárez
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe, CP 05348, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan-Carlos Sigala
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Santa Fe, CP 05348, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Morcrette H, Kovacs-Simon A, Tennant RK, Love J, Wagley S, Yang ZR, Studholme DJ, Soyer OS, Champion OL, Butler CS, Titball RW. Campylobacter jejuni 11168H Exposed to Penicillin Forms Persister Cells and Cells With Altered Redox Protein Activity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:565975. [PMID: 33194805 PMCID: PMC7641608 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.565975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of persister cells is one mechanism by which bacteria can survive exposure to environmental stresses. We show that Campylobacter jejuni 11168H forms persister cells at a frequency of 10−3 after exposure to 100 × MIC of penicillin G for 24 h. Staining the cell population with a redox sensitive fluorescent dye revealed that penicillin G treatment resulted in the appearance of a population of cells with increased fluorescence. We present evidence, to show this could be a consequence of increased redox protein activity in, or associated with, the electron transport chain. These data suggest that a population of penicillin G treated C. jejuni cells could undergo a remodeling of the electron transport chain in order to moderate membrane hyperpolarization and intracellular alkalization; thus reducing the antibiotic efficacy and potentially assisting in persister cell formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Morcrette
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Kovacs-Simon
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Richard K Tennant
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - John Love
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sariqa Wagley
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Zheng R Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - David J Studholme
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Orkun S Soyer
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia L Champion
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Clive S Butler
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Richard W Titball
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences-Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
de la Cruz M, Ramírez EA, Sigala JC, Utrilla J, Lara AR. Plasmid DNA Production in Proteome-Reduced Escherichia coli. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8091444. [PMID: 32967123 PMCID: PMC7563601 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of optimal cell factories requires engineering resource allocation for maximizing product synthesis. A recently developed method to maximize the saving in cell resources released 0.5% of the proteome of Escherichia coli by deleting only three transcription factors. We assessed the capacity for plasmid DNA (pDNA) production in the proteome-reduced strain in a mineral medium, lysogeny, and terrific broths. In all three cases, the pDNA yield from biomass was between 33 and 53% higher in the proteome-reduced than in its wild type strain. When cultured in fed-batch mode in shake-flask, the proteome-reduced strain produced 74.8 mg L-1 pDNA, which was four times greater than its wild-type strain. Nevertheless, the pDNA supercoiled fraction was less than 60% in all cases. Deletion of recA increased the pDNA yields in the wild type, but not in the proteome-reduced strain. Furthermore, recA mutants produced a higher fraction of supercoiled pDNA, compared to their parents. These results show that the novel proteome reduction approach is a promising starting point for the design of improved pDNA production hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi de la Cruz
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City 05348, Mexico; (M.d.l.C.); (E.A.R.); (J.-C.S.)
| | - Elisa A. Ramírez
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City 05348, Mexico; (M.d.l.C.); (E.A.R.); (J.-C.S.)
| | - Juan-Carlos Sigala
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City 05348, Mexico; (M.d.l.C.); (E.A.R.); (J.-C.S.)
| | - José Utrilla
- Systems and Synthetic Biology Program, Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico;
| | - Alvaro R. Lara
- Departamento de Procesos y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City 05348, Mexico; (M.d.l.C.); (E.A.R.); (J.-C.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pandi K, Chauhan AS, Gupta JA, Rathore AS. Microaerobic fermentation alters lactose metabolism in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:5773-5785. [PMID: 32409946 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10652-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microaerobic fermentation has been shown to improve lactose transport and recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli. Mechanistic correlation between lactose and dissolved oxygen has been studied and it has been demonstrated that E. coli can switch its genetic machinery upon fluctuations in dissolved oxygen levels and thereby impact lactose transport, resulting in product formation. Continuous induction of lactose in microaerobic fermentation led to a 3.3-fold improvement in product titre of rLTNF oligomer and a 1.8-fold improvement in product titre of rSymlin oligomer as compared with traditional aerobic fermentation. Transcriptome profiling indicated that ribosome synthesis, lactose transport and amino acid synthesis genes were upregulated during microaerobic fermentation. Besides, novel lactose transporter setB was examined and it was observed that lactose uptake rate was 1.4-fold higher in microaerobic fermentation. The results indicate that microaerobic fermentation can offer a superior alternative for industrial production of recombinant therapeutics, industrial enzymes and metabolites in E. coli. KEY POINTS: • Microaerobic fermentation results in significantly improved protein production • Lactose transport, ribosome synthesis and amino acid synthesis are enhanced • Product titre improves by 1.8-3.3-fold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathiresan Pandi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Ashish Singh Chauhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Jaya A Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
| |
Collapse
|