1
|
Tawheed A, Bahcecioglu IH, Yalniz M, El-Kassas M. Gastroesophageal reflux after per-oral endoscopic myotomy: Management literature. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2947-2953. [PMID: 38946871 PMCID: PMC11212704 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i23.2947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we respond to a review article by Nabi et al, in which the authors discussed gastroesophageal reflux (GER) following peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM). POEM is presently the primary therapeutic option for achalasia, which is both safe and effective. A few adverse effects were documented after POEM, including GER. The diagnostic criteria were not clear enough because approximately 60% of patients have a long acid exposure time, while only 10% experience reflux symptoms. Multiple predictors of high disease incidence have been identified, including old age, female sex, obesity, and a baseline lower esophageal sphincter pressure of less than 45 mmHg. Some technical steps during the procedure, such as a lengthy or full-thickness myotomy, may further enhance the risk. Proton pump inhibitors are currently the first line of treatment. Emerging voices are increasingly advocating for the routine combining of POEM with an endoscopic fundoplication method, such as peroral endoscopic fundoplication or transoral incisionless fundoplication. However, more research is necessary to determine the safety and effectiveness of these procedures in the long term for patients who have undergone them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tawheed
- Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | | | - Mehmet Yalniz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig 23119, Türkiye
| | - Mohamed El-Kassas
- Department of Endemic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Liver Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 7805, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shah A, Kim MP. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in 2023: When to Operate and Current Endoscopic Options for Antireflux Therapy. Thorac Surg Clin 2023; 33:125-134. [PMID: 37045481 DOI: 10.1016/j.thorsurg.2023.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is among the most prevalent diseases in the United States. Mainstay therapy is lifestyle modification and medical therapy. If patients have GERD despite medical therapy, appropriate testing should be performed to determine if surgical or endoscopic therapy will provide improvement in their symptoms. Gold standard therapy is a minimally invasive fundoplication. Patients with body mass index <35, small or no hiatal hernia, normal motility, and pathologic GERD should consider magnetic sphincter augmentation. If a patient is not interested in either fundoplication or MSA, they should consider endoscopic treatment with either STRETTA or Transoral Incisionless fundoplication 2.0. A meta-analysis by Gong and colleagues showed that endoscopic treatments are better compared with medical therapy but are worse than surgical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Shah
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin St SM1661, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Min P Kim
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin St SM1661, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Haseeb M, Glissen Brown JR, Hayat U, Bay C, Bain PA, Jirapinyo P, Thompson CC. Impact of second-generation transoral incisionless fundoplication on atypical GERD symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2023; 97:394-406.e2. [PMID: 36402203 PMCID: PMC10201409 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) using the EsophyX device (EndoGastric Solutions, Inc, Redmond, Wash, USA) is a minimally invasive endoscopic fundoplication technique. Our study aimed to assess the efficacy of TIF for atypical GERD symptoms in patients with chronic or refractory GERD. METHODS A systematic search of 4 major databases was performed. All original studies assessing atypical GERD using a validated symptom questionnaire (the reflux symptom index [RSI]) were included. The RSI score was assessed before and after TIF at a 6- and 12-month follow-up. Data on technical success rate, adverse events, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, and patient satisfaction were also collected. Only TIF procedures currently in practice using the EsophyX device (ie, TIF 2.0) and TIF with concomitant hiatal hernia repair were included in the review. RESULTS Ten studies (564 patients) were included. At the 6- and 12- month follow-up, there was a mean reduction of 15.72 (95% confidence interval, 12.15-19.29) and 14.73 (95% confidence interval, 11.74-17.72) points, respectively, in the RSI score post-TIF, with a technical success rate of 99.5% and a pooled adverse event rate of 1%. At both time intervals, more than two-thirds of the patients were satisfied with their health condition and roughly three-fourths of the patients were off daily PPIs. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that TIF using the EsophyX device is safe and effective in reducing atypical GERD symptoms at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. It improves patient-centered outcomes and can be a minimally invasive therapeutic option for patients suffering from atypical GERD symptoms on chronic medical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haseeb
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Umar Hayat
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Wichita, KS
| | - Camden Bay
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Pichamol Jirapinyo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christopher C. Thompson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Duarte Chavez R, Marino D, Kahaleh M, Tyberg A. Endoscopic Treatment of Reflux: A Comprehensive Review. J Clin Gastroenterol 2022; 56:831-843. [PMID: 36040930 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000001757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The last decade has seen the rise of multiple novel endoscopic techniques to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease, many of which are efficacious when compared with traditional surgical options and allow relief from long-term dependence on antacid medications. This review will explore the latest endoscopic treatment options for gastroesophageal reflux disease including a description of the technique, review of efficacy and safety, and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Duarte Chavez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical Center, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vaezi MF, Shaheen NJ, Muthusamy VR. State of Evidence in Minimally Invasive Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux: Findings of a Scoping Review. Gastroenterology 2020; 159:1504-1525. [PMID: 32621903 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS & AIMS Endoscopic management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being employed increasingly. The aim of this scoping review was to assess the volume of available evidence on the benefits of endoscopic and minimally invasive surgical therapies for GERD. METHODS criteria were used to perform an extensive literature search of data regarding the reported benefit of endoscopic therapies in GERD. Randomized controlled studies were utilized when available; however, data from observational studies were also reviewed. RESULTS A formal review of evidence was performed in 22 studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria and study duration were noted and tabulated. Assessment of outcomes was based on symptoms and objective criteria reported by investigators. Reported outcomes for the interventions were tabulated under the heading of subjective (symptom scores, quality of life metrics, and change in proton pump inhibitor use) and objective metrics (pH parameters, endoscopic signs, and lower esophageal sphincter pressure changes). Adverse events were noted and tabulated. The majority of studies showed symptomatic and objective improvement of GERD with the device therapies. Adverse events were minimal. However, normalization of acid exposure occurred in about 50% of patients and, for some modalities, long-term durability is uncertain. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review revealed that the endoluminal and minimally invasive surgical devices for GERD therapy are a promising alternative to proton pump inhibitor therapy. Their place in the treatment algorithm for GERD will be better defined when important clinical parameters, especially durability of effect, are better understood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Vaezi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - Nicholas J Shaheen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - V Raman Muthusamy
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ihde GM. The evolution of TIF: transoral incisionless fundoplication. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1756284820924206. [PMID: 32499834 PMCID: PMC7243382 DOI: 10.1177/1756284820924206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) was introduced in 2006 as a concerted effort to produce a natural orifice procedure for reflux. Since that time, the device, as well as the procedure technique, has evolved. Significant research has been published during each stage of the evolution, and this has led to considerable confusion and a co-mingling of outcomes, which obscures the results of the current device and procedure. This report is intended to review the identified stages and literature associated with each stage to date and to review the current state of treatment outcomes.
Collapse
|
7
|
Monino L, Gonzalez JM, Vitton V, Barthet M. Antireflux mucosectomy band in treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a pilot study for safety, feasibility and symptom control. Endosc Int Open 2020; 8:E147-E154. [PMID: 32010747 PMCID: PMC6976317 DOI: 10.1055/a-1038-4012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Antireflux mucosectomy band ligation (ARM-b) is an endoscopic procedure that mimics a fundoplication for managing gastroesophoageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of this study was to assess safety and feasibility of ARM-b. Patients and methods This was a single-center study on consecutive patients operated between June 2017 and January 2019 with refractory GERD, confirmed with pH-metry and without motility disorder at high-resolution manometry. A piecemeal mucosectomy of three quarters of circumference of esophagogastric junction was performed using a band ligation system and a hexagonal snare. The primary objective was to assess procedural safety and feasibility. The secondary objective was to document the clinical improvement at 3 and 6 months based on patient satisfaction, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) intake, symptoms, and quality of life scores. Results Twenty-onepatients (11 men) with mean age 56.9 ± 14.4 years were analyzed. The technical success rate was 100 % (mean duration 35 ± 11 min). Four patients (19 %) had mild adverse events: one delayed bleeding at Day 1 managed conservatively, and three dysphagia endoscopically managed. Mean follow-up was 10 ± 5 months. Decrease/discontinuation of PPI intake was 76 % at 3 months and 72 % at 6 months. Improvement in mean symptoms and quality of life scores (GERD-Q and GERD-HQL) were statistically significant. One patient required laparoscopic fundoplication after ARM-b failure without complication. Conclusion ARM-b is safe, feasible, and symptom-effective for treating refractory GERD, and it can be performed in the ambulatory setting. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these promising outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Monino
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Université catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium,Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France,Corresponding author Laurent Monino, MD Department of HepatogastroenterologyAP-HM, Aix-Marseille UniversitéHôpital NordChemin des Bourrely13015 MarseilleFrance+33-4-91968737
| | - Jean-Michel Gonzalez
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Vitton
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Marc Barthet
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Endoscopic GERD therapy: a primer for the transoral incisionless fundoplication procedure. Gastrointest Endosc 2019; 90:370-383. [PMID: 31108091 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with medically refractory GERD have the option of surgery but may opt for effective minimally invasive interventions, when available. However, the primary GERD pharmacologic therapy, proton pump inhibitors, does not satisfactorily address the pathophysiology of the disease. Moreover, a therapeutic gap exists in those severely symptomatic patients who fail medical management and who are poor candidates for surgical fundoplication. Recently, a revival of minimally invasive endoscopic interventions aiming to correct the antireflux barrier has followed existing device modifications, enhancing their safety and efficacy profile. Of these technologies, the trans-oral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) technique, in its current 2.0 iteration, has been studied in several randomized controlled trials with favorable outcomes and a low rate of adverse events. In this review, we discuss the landscape of endoscopic GERD therapy, focusing on recent updates in the TIF 2.0 procedure with the EsophyX-Z device (EndoGastricSolutions, Redmond, Wash, USA). We discuss the evolution, differences, and improvements in this technique across different generations of the EsophyX device. We also present a framework for candidate selection, based on medical and anatomic considerations. When streamlined within a milieu of comprehensive multidisciplinary programs, these improved endoscopic interventions can provide viable avenues for a carefully selected patients population, bridging therapy gaps, and selectively targeting the primary pathophysiology of the disease.
Collapse
|
9
|
Joseph SJ, Ebstein AMM, Sapp A. Effectiveness of transoral incisionless fundoplication compared to Toupet fundoplication for chronic or refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review protocol. JBI DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS AND IMPLEMENTATION REPORTS 2019; 17:507-512. [PMID: 30973524 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2017-003893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
REVIEW OBJECTIVE/QUESTION The objective of this review is to determine which 270-degree fundoplication procedure has a better outcome in patients with chronic or refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This review will identify the fundoplication approach for chronic or refractory GERD that provides better reflux control with minimal post-procedure complications.The question of this review is: what is the effectiveness of transoral incisionless fundoplication compared to Toupet fundoplication in adult patients with chronic or refractory GERD?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simi Jesto Joseph
- GI Solutions of Illinois, Chicago, USA
- The Center for Translational Research: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence
| | - Ann Marie Mazzella Ebstein
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
- The Center for Translational Research: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence
| | - Alysha Sapp
- Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, USA
- The Center for Translational Research: a Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
What the radiologist needs to know about gastrointestinal endoscopic surgical procedures. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43:1482-1493. [PMID: 28983652 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-017-1318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is a novel surgical approach, currently performed for an array of conditions. Endoscopic procedures offer significant benefits, including lower cost, no surgical incisions, and shorter hospital stays. These advantages align with the current trends in health care, namely a push for "cost-effective care." There are a multitude of health issues which are now being addressed by the endoscopic surgical approach, including peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), which is a relatively new technique used in the treatment of achalasia. Endoscopic treatment utilized for GERD includes transoral incisionless fundoplication. Endoscopic bariatric surgical procedures include intragastric balloon placement, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, and revision of prior bariatric procedures including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and conventional gastric sleeve procedures. Endoscopic clips are routinely utilized for achieving hemostasis, treating iatrogenic gastric and bowel ulcerations and perforations and for the closure of enteric fistulization. Novel endoscopic procedures are now replacing conventional surgery due to their non-invasive nature, faster recovery and lower healthcare costs. Radiologists need to understand how these procedures are performed, as well as expected post-procedural imaging appearance and potential complications.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rosen R, Vandenplas Y, Singendonk M, Cabana M, DiLorenzo C, Gottrand F, Gupta S, Langendam M, Staiano A, Thapar N, Tipnis N, Tabbers M. Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Clinical Practice Guidelines: Joint Recommendations of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2018; 66:516-554. [PMID: 29470322 PMCID: PMC5958910 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000001889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This document serves as an update of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) 2009 clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in infants and children and is intended to be applied in daily practice and as a basis for clinical trials. Eight clinical questions addressing diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic topics were formulated. A systematic literature search was performed from October 1, 2008 (if the question was addressed by 2009 guidelines) or from inception to June 1, 2015 using Embase, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials. The approach of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was applied to define and prioritize outcomes. For therapeutic questions, the quality of evidence was also assessed using GRADE. Grading the quality of evidence for other questions was performed according to the Quality Assessment of Studies of Diagnostic Accuracy (QUADAS) and Quality in Prognostic Studies (QUIPS) tools. During a 3-day consensus meeting, all recommendations were discussed and finalized. In cases where no randomized controlled trials (RCT; therapeutic questions) or diagnostic accuracy studies were available to support the recommendations, expert opinion was used. The group members voted on each recommendation, using the nominal voting technique. With this approach, recommendations regarding evaluation and management of infants and children with GERD to standardize and improve quality of care were formulated. Additionally, 2 algorithms were developed, 1 for infants <12 months of age and the other for older infants and children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Rosen
- Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA
| | - Yvan Vandenplas
- KidZ Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Michael Cabana
- Division of General Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Carlo DiLorenzo
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Frederic Gottrand
- CHU Lille, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Lille, France
| | - Sandeep Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Peoria, IL
| | - Miranda Langendam
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annamaria Staiano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II,’’ Naples, Italy
| | - Nikhil Thapar
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Neelesh Tipnis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
| | - Merit Tabbers
- Emma Children's Hospital/AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rouphael C, Padival R, Sanaka MR, Thota PN. Endoscopic Treatments of GERD. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 16:58-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s11938-018-0170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
13
|
Endoscopic anti-reflux devices (with videos). Gastrointest Endosc 2017; 86:931-948. [PMID: 29054276 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
14
|
Hillman L, Yadlapati R, Whitsett M, Thuluvath AJ, Berendsen MA, Pandolfino JE. Review of antireflux procedures for proton pump inhibitor nonresponsive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-14. [PMID: 28859357 PMCID: PMC5789775 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Up to 40% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) report persistent symptoms despite proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. This review outlines the evidence for surgical and endoscopic therapies for the treatment of PPI nonresponsive GERD. A literature search for GERD therapies from 2005 to 2015 in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified 2928 unique citations. Of those, 45 unique articles specific to surgical and endoscopic therapies for PPI nonresponsive GERD were reviewed. Laparoscopic fundoplication (n = 19) provides symptomatic and physiologic relief out to 10 years, though efficacy wanes with time. Magnetic sphincter augmentation (n = 6) and transoral incisionless fundoplication (n = 9) improve symptoms in PPI nonresponders and may offer fewer side effects than fundoplication, though long-term follow-up is lacking. Radiofrequency energy delivery (n = 8) has insufficient evidence for routine use in treating PPI nonresponsive GERD. Electrical stimulator implantation (n = 1) and endoscopic mucosal surgery (n = 2) are newer therapies under evaluation for the treatment of GERD. Laparoscopic fundoplication remains the most proven therapeutic approach. Newer antireflux procedures such as magnetic sphincter augmentation and transoral incisionless fundoplication offer alternatives with varying degrees of success, durability, and side effect profiles that may better suit individual patients. Larger head-to-head comparison trials are needed to better characterize the difference in symptom response and side effect profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Hillman
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - R. Yadlapati
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - M. Whitsett
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - A. J. Thuluvath
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M. A. Berendsen
- Galter Health Sciences Library, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J. E. Pandolfino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Trad KS, Fox MA, Simoni G, Shughoury AB, Mavrelis PG, Raza M, Heise JA, Barnes WE. Transoral fundoplication offers durable symptom control for chronic GERD: 3-year report from the TEMPO randomized trial with a crossover arm. Surg Endosc 2016; 31:2498-2508. [PMID: 27655380 PMCID: PMC5443856 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-016-5252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Four randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the short-term efficacy and safety of transoral esophagogastric fundoplication (TF) performed with the EsophyX® device in eliminating troublesome gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms in well-selected patient populations. The aim of this study was to assess the durability of these outcomes at 3 years post-procedure. Methods The TF EsophyX versus Medical PPI Open Label trial was conducted in seven US sites. Between June and August 2012, we enrolled patients with small (<2 cm) or absent hiatal hernias who suffered from troublesome GERD symptoms while on PPI therapy for at least 6 months and had abnormal esophageal acid exposure (EAE). Randomization was to TF group (n = 40) or to PPI group (n = 23). Following evaluation at 6 months, all remaining PPI patients (n = 21) elected to undergo crossover to TF. Fifty-two patients were assessed at 3 years for (1) GERD symptom resolution using three GERD-specific quality of life questionnaires, (2) healing of esophagitis using endoscopy, (3) EAE using 48-h Bravo testing, and (4) discontinuation of PPI use. Two patients who underwent revisional procedures by year 3 were included in the final analysis. Results At 3-year follow-up, elimination of troublesome regurgitation and all atypical symptoms was reported by 90 % (37/41) and 88 % (42/48) of patients, respectively. The mean Reflux Symptom Index score improved from 22.2 (9.2) on PPIs at screening to 4 (7.1) off PPIs 3 years post-TF, p < 0.0001. The mean total % time pH <4 improved from 10.5 (3.5) to 7.8 (5.7), p = 0.0283. Esophagitis was healed in 86 % (19/22) of patients. At the end of study, 71 % (37/52) of patients had discontinued PPI therapy. All outcome measures remained stable between 1-, 2-, and 3-year follow-ups. Conclusion This study demonstrates that TF can be used to achieve long-term control of chronic GERD symptoms, healing of esophagitis, and improvement in EAE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim S Trad
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA. .,The George Washington University Medical Faculty Associates, 1800 Town Center Drive, #218, Reston, VA, 20190, USA.
| | - Mark A Fox
- Crossville Medical Group, Crossville, TN, USA.,Cumberland Medical Center, Crossville, TN, USA
| | | | - Ahmad B Shughoury
- Saint Mary Medical Center, Hobart, IN, USA.,Internal Medicine Associates, Merrillville, IN, USA
| | - Peter G Mavrelis
- Saint Mary Medical Center, Hobart, IN, USA.,Internal Medicine Associates, Merrillville, IN, USA
| | - Mamoon Raza
- Indiana Medical Research, Elkhart, IN, USA.,Unity Surgical Hospital, Mishawaka, IN, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Heise
- Heartburn Center/Rehabilitation Department, Hancock Regional Hospital, Greenfield, IN, USA
| | - William E Barnes
- Livingston Hospital and Healthcare Services, Inc., Salem, KY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang X, Chen S, Zhao H, Zeng X, Lian J, Tseng Y, Chen J. Efficacy of transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) for the treatment of GERD: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Surg Endosc 2016; 31:1032-1044. [PMID: 27495332 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-016-5111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy of transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) performed with the EsophyX device (Redmond, Washington, USA) and its long-term outcomes in gastresophageal reflux disease (GERD) are debated. We, therefore, performed a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies evaluating the role of TIF in GERD. METHODS A systematic search of EMBASE, SCOPUS, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library Central was performed. All original studies reporting outcomes in GERD patients who underwent TIF were identified. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of TIF, and prospective observational studies reporting outcomes after TIF were included. RESULTS A total of 18 studies (963 patients) published between 2007 and 2015 were identified, including five RCTs and 13 prospective observational studies. The pooled relative risk of response rate to TIF versus PPIs/sham was 2.44 (95 % CI 1.25-4.79, p = 0.0009) in RCTs in the intention-to-treat analysis. The total number of refluxes was reduced after TIF compared with the PPIs/sham group. The esophageal acid exposure time and acid reflux episodes after TIF were not significantly improved. Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) usage increased with time and most of the patients resumed PPIs treatment at reduced dosage during the long-term follow-up. The total satisfaction rate after TIF was about 69.15 % in 6 months. The incidence of severe adverse events consisting of gastrointestinal perforation and bleeding was 2.4 %. CONCLUSIONS TIF is an alternative intervention in controlling GERD-related symptoms with comparable short-term patient satisfaction. Long-term results showed decreased efficacy with time. Patients often resume PPIs at reduced doses in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Huang
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shiyao Chen
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Hetong Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jingjing Lian
- Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yujen Tseng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) performed with the EsophyX device (Redmond, Washington, USA) is a totally endoscopic procedure with the objectives to mechanically repair a defective gastroesophageal valve and to reduce small hiatal hernias. The recent publication of randomized controlled trials and long-term follow-up data offers the opportunity to reevaluate this treatment modality and its role in the management of patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). RECENT FINDINGS Randomized controlled trials have confirmed the ability of TIF to eliminate troublesome GERD symptoms, heal esophagitis, and improve distal esophageal acid exposure in appropriately selected patient populations. These studies establish TIF's superiority to conventional medical therapy, especially in clinical scenarios where proton-pump inhibitors fail to provide complete symptom relief across the spectrum of classic and atypical GERD manifestations, including regurgitation and laryngopharyngeal reflux. Long-term data indicate sustained positive outcomes and durability up to 6 years after procedure. These results were achieved with a low rate of serious adverse events and usually without introducing troublesome dysphagia, gas bloat, or flatulence. SUMMARY Based on the most recent data, TIF appears to be a valuable treatment alternative for the management of appropriately selected patients with moderate to severe chronic GERD symptoms.
Collapse
|
18
|
Muthusamy VR, Lightdale JR, Acosta RD, Chandrasekhara V, Chathadi KV, Eloubeidi MA, Fanelli RD, Fonkalsrud L, Faulx AL, Khashab MA, Saltzman JR, Shaukat A, Wang A, Cash B, DeWitt JM. The role of endoscopy in the management of GERD. Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 81:1305-10. [PMID: 25863867 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We recommend that uncomplicated GERD be diagnosed on the basis of typical symptoms without the use of diagnostic testing, including EGD. We recommend EGD for patients who have symptoms suggesting complicated GERD or alarm symptoms. We recommend that EGD not be routinely performed solely for the assessment of extraesophageal GERD symptoms. We recommend that endoscopic findings of reflux esophagitis be classified according to an accepted grading scale or described in detail. We suggest that repeat EGD be performed in patients with severe erosive esophagitis after at least an 8-week course of PPI therapy to exclude underlying BE or dysplasia. 44BB We recommend against obtaining tissue samples from endoscopically normal tissue to diagnose GERD or exclude BE in adults. We suggest that endoscopy be considered in patients with multiple risk factors for Barrett’s esophagus. We recommend that tissue samples be obtained to confirm endoscopically suspected Barrett’s esophagus. We suggest that endoscopic antireflux therapy be considered for selected patients with uncomplicated GERD after careful discussion with the patient regarding potential adverse effects, benefits, and other available therapeutic options.
Collapse
|
19
|
Håkansson B, Montgomery M, Cadiere GB, Rajan A, Bruley des Varannes S, Lerhun M, Coron E, Tack J, Bischops R, Thorell A, Arnelo U, Lundell L. Randomised clinical trial: transoral incisionless fundoplication vs. sham intervention to control chronic GERD. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015; 42:1261-70. [PMID: 26463242 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until recently only two therapeutic options have been available to control symptoms and the esophagitis in chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD), i.e. lifelong proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy or anti-reflux surgery. Lately, transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) has been developed and found to offer a therapeutic alternative for these patients. AIM To perform a double-blind sham-controlled study in GERD patients who were chronic PPI users. METHODS We studied patients with objectively confirmed GERD and persistent moderate to severe GERD symptoms without PPI therapy. Of 121 patients screened, we finally randomised 44 patients with 22 patients in each group. Those allocated to TIF had the TIF2 procedure completed during general anaesthesia by the EsophyX device with SerosaFuse fasteners. The sham procedure consisted of upper GI endoscopy under general anaesthesia. Neither the patient nor the assessor was aware of the patients' group affiliation. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the proportion of patients in clinical remission after 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were: PPI consumption, oesophageal acid exposure, reduction in Quality of Life in Reflux and Dyspepsia and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale scores and healing of reflux esophagitis. RESULTS The time (average days) in remission offered by the TIF2 procedure (197) was significantly longer compared to those submitted to the sham intervention (107), P < 0.001. After 6 months 13/22 (59%) of the chronic GERD patients remained in clinical remission after the active intervention. Likewise, the secondary outcome measures were all in favour of the TIF2 procedure. No safety issues were raised. CONCLUSION Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF2) is effective in chronic PPI-dependent GERD patients when followed up for 6 months. Clinicaltrials.gov: CT01110811.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Håkansson
- Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Montgomery
- Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G B Cadiere
- Department of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Park Leopold Clinic, CHIREC, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Rajan
- Department of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Park Leopold Clinic, CHIREC, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - M Lerhun
- CHU Hotel Dieu Institut des Maladies de l' Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France
| | - E Coron
- CHU Hotel Dieu Institut des Maladies de l' Appareil Digestif, Nantes, France
| | - J Tack
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Bischops
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Thorell
- Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyds Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Arnelo
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Lundell
- Department of Surgery, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, a number of new endoscopic techniques have been developed for management of gastroesophageal (GE) reflux disease symptoms as alternatives to medical management and surgical fundoplication. These devices include application of radiofrequency treatment (Stretta), endoscopic plication (EndoCinch, Plicator, Esophyx, MUSE), and injection of bulking agents (Enteryx, Gatekeeper, Plexiglas, Duragel). Their goal was symptom relief through reduction of tissue compliance and enhancement of anatomic resistance at the GE junction. In this review, we critically assess the research behind the efficacy, safety, and durability of these treatments to better understand their roles in contemporary GE reflux disease management.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Multiple new endoluminal devices and therapies have been devised to create a more effective antireflux barrier in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Most of these therapies have been abandoned, because they were ineffective and/or had significant adverse effects. However, there are currently two therapies (Stretta, EsophyX) that have US Food and Drug Administration approval and continue to be used in select patients with GERD. The clinical management of GERD, disease complications, endoluminal techniques, evidence for efficacy, and controversies concerning endoluminal therapy for GERD are reviewed and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Hummel
- Department of Surgery, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mastin Building, 2451 Fillingim Street, Mobile, AL 36617, USA
| | - William Richards
- Department of Surgery, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mastin Building, 2451 Fillingim Street, Mobile, AL 36617, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Perry KA, Pham TH, Spechler SJ, Hunter JG, Melvin WS, Velanovich V. 2014 SSAT State-of-the-Art Conference: advances in diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Gastrointest Surg 2015; 19:458-66. [PMID: 25519085 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-014-2724-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease affects at least 10 % of people in Western societies and produces troublesome symptoms and impairs patients' quality of life. The effective management of GERD is imperative as the diagnosis places a significant cost burden on the United States healthcare system with annual direct cost estimates exceeding 9 billion dollars annually. While effective for many patients, 30-40 % of patients receiving medical therapy with proton pump inhibitors experience troublesome breakthrough symptoms, and recent evidence suggests that this therapy subjects patients to increased risk of complications. Given the high cost of PPI therapy, patients are showing a decrease in willingness to continue with a therapy that provides incomplete relief; however, due to inconsistent outcomes and concern for procedure-related side effects following surgery, only 1 % of the GERD population undergoes anti-reflux surgery annually. The discrepancy between the number of patients who experience suboptimal medical treatment and the number considered for anti-reflux surgery indicates a large therapeutic gap in the management of GERD. The objective of the SSAT State-of-the-Art Conference was to examine technologic advances in the diagnosis and treatment of GERD and to evaluate the ways in which we assess the outcomes of these therapies to provide optimal patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Perry
- Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, N729 Doan Hall, 410 W. 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Trad KS, Barnes WE, Simoni G, Shughoury AB, Mavrelis PG, Raza M, Heise JA, Turgeon DG, Fox MA. Transoral incisionless fundoplication effective in eliminating GERD symptoms in partial responders to proton pump inhibitor therapy at 6 months: the TEMPO Randomized Clinical Trial. Surg Innov 2015; 22:26-40. [PMID: 24756976 PMCID: PMC4361451 DOI: 10.1177/1553350614526788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incomplete control of troublesome regurgitation and extraesophageal manifestations of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a known limitation of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. This multicenter randomized study compared the efficacy of transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) against PPIs in controlling these symptoms in patients with small hiatal hernias. METHODS Between June and August 2012, 63 patients were randomized at 7 US community hospitals. Patients in the PPI group were placed on maximum standard dose (MSD). Patients in the TIF group underwent esophagogastric fundoplication using the EsophyX2 device. Primary outcome was elimination of daily troublesome regurgitation or extraesophageal symptoms. Secondary outcomes were normalization of esophageal acid exposure (EAE), PPI usage and healing of esophagitis. RESULTS Of 63 randomized patients (40 TIF and 23 PPI), 3 were lost to follow-up leaving 39 TIF and 21 PPI patients for analysis. At 6-month follow-up, troublesome regurgitation was eliminated in 97% of TIF patients versus 50% of PPI patients, relative risk (RR) = 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-3.11 (P = .006). Globally, 62% of TIF patients experienced elimination of regurgitation and extraesophageal symptoms versus 5% of PPI patients, RR = 12.9, 95% CI = 1.9-88.9 (P = .009). EAE was normalized in 54% of TIF patients (off PPIs) versus 52% of PPI patients (on MSD), RR = 1.0, 95% CI = 0.6-1.7 (P = .914). Ninety percent of TIF patients were off PPIs. CONCLUSION At 6-month follow-up, TIF was more effective than MSD PPI therapy in eliminating troublesome regurgitation and extraesophageal symptoms of GERD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim S Trad
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA Reston Surgical Associates, Reston, VA, USA
| | - William E Barnes
- Livingston Hospital and Healthcare Services, Inc, CAH, Salem, KY, USA
| | | | - Ahmad B Shughoury
- Saint Mary Medical Center, Hobart, IN, USA Internal Medicine Associates, Merrillville, IN, USA
| | - Peter G Mavrelis
- Saint Mary Medical Center, Hobart, IN, USA Internal Medicine Associates, Merrillville, IN, USA
| | - Mamoon Raza
- Indiana Medical Research, Elkhart, IN, USA Unity Surgical Hospital, Mishawaka, IN, USA
| | | | - Daniel G Turgeon
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA Reston Surgical Associates, Reston, VA, USA
| | - Mark A Fox
- Crossville Medical Group, Crossville, TN, USA Cumberland Medical Center, Crossville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hunter JG, Kahrilas PJ, Bell RCW, Wilson EB, Trad KS, Dolan JP, Perry KA, Oelschlager BK, Soper NJ, Snyder BE, Burch MA, Melvin WS, Reavis KM, Turgeon DG, Hungness ES, Diggs BS. Efficacy of transoral fundoplication vs omeprazole for treatment of regurgitation in a randomized controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2015; 148:324-333.e5. [PMID: 25448925 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transoral esophagogastric fundoplication (TF) can decrease or eliminate features of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in some patients whose symptoms persist despite proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. We performed a prospective, sham-controlled trial to determine if TF reduced troublesome regurgitation to a greater extent than PPIs in patients with GERD. METHODS We screened 696 patients with troublesome regurgitation despite daily PPI use with 3 validated GERD-specific symptom scales, on and off PPIs. Those with at least troublesome regurgitation (based on the Montreal definition) on PPIs underwent barium swallow, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, 48-hour esophageal pH monitoring (off PPIs), and high-resolution esophageal manometry analyses. Patients with GERD and hiatal hernias ≤2 cm were randomly assigned to groups that underwent TF and then received 6 months of placebo (n = 87), or sham surgery and 6 months of once- or twice-daily omeprazole (controls, n = 42). Patients were blinded to therapy during follow-up period and reassessed at 2, 12, and 26 weeks. At 6 months, patients underwent 48-hour esophageal pH monitoring and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. RESULTS By intention-to-treat analysis, TF eliminated troublesome regurgitation in a larger proportion of patients (67%) than PPIs (45%) (P = .023). A larger proportion of controls had no response at 3 months (36%) than subjects that received TF (11%; P = .004). Control of esophageal pH improved after TF (mean 9.3% before and 6.3% after; P < .001), but not after sham surgery (mean 8.6% before and 8.9% after). Subjects from both groups who completed the protocol had similar reductions in GERD symptom scores. Severe complications were rare (3 subjects receiving TF and 1 receiving the sham surgery). CONCLUSIONS TF was an effective treatment for patients with GERD symptoms, particularly in those with persistent regurgitation despite PPI therapy, based on evaluation 6 months after the procedure. Clinicaltrials.gov no: NCT01136980.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John G Hunter
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
| | - Peter J Kahrilas
- Department of Surgery and Department of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Erik B Wilson
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Karim S Trad
- Department of Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia; Reston Surgical Associates, Reston, Virginia
| | - James P Dolan
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kyle A Perry
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Nathaniel J Soper
- Department of Surgery and Department of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brad E Snyder
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Miguel A Burch
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Kevin M Reavis
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Department of Surgery, Oregon Clinic, Portland, Oregon
| | - Daniel G Turgeon
- Department of Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia; Reston Surgical Associates, Reston, Virginia
| | - Eric S Hungness
- Department of Surgery and Department of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian S Diggs
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Reavis KM, Perry KA. Transoral incisionless fundoplication for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Expert Rev Med Devices 2015; 11:341-50. [PMID: 24918903 DOI: 10.1586/17434440.2014.925394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common and costly chronic medical condition affecting millions of patients. It is associated with substantial morbidity and negatively impacts quality of life. Reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus damages the esophageal mucosa and is associated with conditions including esophagitis and esophageal stricture. While GERD is most commonly seen in Western populations, changes in dietary patterns and the global increase in obesity have led to a pronounced increase in its prevalence worldwide. Medical and surgical GERD therapies are costly and pose considerable side effects, leading many to pursue effective endoscopic treatment options. Transoral incisionless fundoplication is an endoluminal procedure that offers patients a minimally invasive treatment option with the potential to eliminate the need for medical acid suppression with a low risk of side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Reavis
- Esophageal and Foregut Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Oregon Clinic, 4805 NE Glisan Street, Ste 6N60, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ashfaq A, Rhee HK, Harold KL. Revision of failed transoral incisionless fundoplication by subsequent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:17115-17119. [PMID: 25493024 PMCID: PMC4258580 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i45.17115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication after failed transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF).
METHODS: TIF is a new endoscopic approach for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In cases of TIF failure, subsequent laparoscopic fundoplication may be required. All patients from 2010 to 2013 who had persistence and objective evidence of recurrent GERD after TIF underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Primary outcome measures included operative time, blood loss, length of hospital stay and complications encountered.
RESULTS: A total of 5 patients underwent revisional laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) or gastrojejunostomy for recurrent GERD at a median interval of 24 mo (range: 16-34 mo) after TIF. Patients had recurrent reflux symptoms at an average of 1 mo following TIF (range: 1-9 mo). Average operative time for revisional surgical intervention was 127 min (range: 65-240 min) and all surgeries were performed with a minimal blood loss (< 50 mL). There were no cases of gastric or esophageal perforation. Three patients had additional finding of a significant hiatal hernia that was fixed simultaneously. Median length of hospitalization was 2 d (range: 1-3 d). All patients had resolution of symptoms at the last follow up.
CONCLUSION: LNF is a feasible and safe option in a patient who has persistent GERD after a TIF. Previous TIF did not result in additional operative morbidity.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bell RCW, Kurian AA, Freeman KD. Laparoscopic anti-reflux revision surgery after transoral incisionless fundoplication is safe and effective. Surg Endosc 2014; 29:1746-52. [PMID: 25380707 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) treats gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by creating a full-thickness esophagogastric plication using transmural fasteners. If unsuccessful, revision laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery (rLARS) may be performed. This study evaluated operative findings and clinical outcomes of rLARS in 28 patients with prior primary TIF. METHODS Intraoperative findings, complications, and symptomatic outcomes with GERD health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) were evaluated prospectively in patients having rLARS after TIF. Results are median with interquartile range (IQR). RESULTS Between 03/2009 and 08/2013, 28 patients underwent rLARS at 14 (13-50) months post-TIF for recurrent symptoms after initial improvement. Pre-rLARS endoscopies found hiatal hernia (9) and wrap disruption (12). All revisions were completed laparoscopically in 88 (70-90) min. Eight patients underwent partial fundoplication, the rest Nissen. No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. Operative findings included: No axial hernia in 65%; Dense adhesions in 14%; Fasteners incorporating the lateral crus in 95%; Traction diverticuli from esophagus to crura in 21%. Residual plication was noted anteriorly in 75%, posteriorly in 0%. Operative approaches: (1) Areas where the TIF fundoplication remained were left intact. This necessitated rolling the fundoplication over the fused area to prevent an endoscopic appearance of 'fold'. (2) Fasteners were cut and left to migrate into the lumen, rather than being pulled out. (3) In 8 patients with fusion of the lateral crus to TIF fundoplication and no axial hernia, revision fundoplication was performed without mediastinal mobilization but with posterior hernia repair. One patient required subsequent surgery for small paraesophageal hernia, one for refractory gas-bloat after rLARS. Dysphagia in 2 patients resolved with dilation. GERD-HRQL improved from a median of 20 (8-27) pre-TIF and 10 (1-20) pre-rLARS to 3 (0-4) at 28 months (12-40) post-rLARS (p = 0.020 for pre-rLARS to post-rLARS). CONCLUSION rLARS after TIF can be performed safely with excellent clinical outcomes.
Collapse
|
28
|
Bell RCW, Barnes WE, Carter BJ, Sewell RW, Mavrelis PG, Ihde GM, Hoddinott KM, Fox MA, Freeman KD, Gunsberger T, Hausmann MG, Dargis D, Gill BD, Wilson E, Trad KS. Transoral Incisionless Fundoplication: 2-year Results from the Prospective Multicenter U.S. Study. Am Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481408001124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess prospectively 2-year outcomes of transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) in a multicenter setting. A 14-center U.S. registry was designed to evaluate the effects of the TIF 2.0 procedure on chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in over 100 patients. Primary outcome was symptom assessment. Secondary outcomes were proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use, degree of esophagitis, safety, and changes in esophageal acid exposure. One hundred twenty-seven patients underwent TIF between January 2010 and April 2011, 19 (15%) of whom were lost to follow-up. Eight patients undergoing revisional surgery were included, as failures, in the 108 remaining patients. No serious adverse events were reported. GERD Health-related Quality of Life and regurgitation scores improved by 50 per cent or greater in 63 of 96 (66%) and 62 of 88 (70%) patients who had elevated preoperative scores. The Reflux Symptom Index score normalized in 53 of 82 (65%) patients. Daily PPI use decreased from 91 to 29 per cent. In patients amenable to postoperative testing, esophagitis healed in 12 of 16 (75%) and esophageal acid exposure normalized in eight of 14 (57%). TIF safely achieved sustained symptomatic control over a 2-year period in two-thirds of patients with a virtual absence of de novo side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - William E Barnes
- Livingston Hospital and Healthcare Services, Inc. CAH, Salem, Kentucky
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark A. Fox
- Crossville Medical Group, PA, Crossville, Tennessee
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Erik Wilson
- University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Karim S. Trad
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC; and
- Reston Surgical Associates, Reston, Virginia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Trad KS, Simoni G, Barnes WE, Shughoury AB, Raza M, Heise JA, Turgeon DG, Fox MA, Mavrelis PG. Efficacy of transoral fundoplication for treatment of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease incompletely controlled with high-dose proton-pump inhibitors therapy: a randomized, multicenter, open label, crossover study. BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:174. [PMID: 25284142 PMCID: PMC4287131 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-14-174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this randomized, crossover study was to determine if transoral fundoplication (TF) could further improve clinical outcomes in partial responders to high-dose (HD) proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy and to evaluate durability of TF. Methods In seven United States centers, patients with hiatal hernia ≤2 cm and abnormal esophageal acid exposure (EAE) were randomized to TF (n = 40) or HD PPIs (n = 23) group. At 6-month follow-up, PPI patients underwent crossover. We assessed clinical outcomes 6-month post TF in crossover patients (COP), as compared to 6-month of HD PPI therapy, and 12-month outcomes in patients initially randomized to TF. The primary outcome was symptom control evaluated by Reflux Disease Questionnaire and Reflux Symptom Index. Secondary outcomes included healing of esophagitis, normalization of EAE and PPI use after TF. We analyzed 21 COP and 39 TF patients. McNemar’s test or Fisher exact test was used to compare proportions. Results Of 63 randomized patients, 3 were lost to follow-up, leaving 39 TF and 21 COP for analyses. In the COP, TF further improved control of regurgitation and of atypical symptoms achieved after six months of HD PPIs. Of 20 patients with GERD symptoms after six months of high-dose PPI therapy, 65% (13/20) reported global elimination of troublesome regurgitation and atypical symptoms post TF off PPIs; 67% (6/9) reported no troublesome regurgitation. Esophagitis further healed in 75% (6/8) of patients. Seventy-one percent of COP patients were off PPIs six months following TF. Normalization of EAE decreased from 52% after HD PPIs (on PPIs) to 33% after TF (off PPIs), p =0.388. In the original TF group, 12-month post TF, 77% of patients achieved complete symptom control, 82% ceased PPI therapy, 100% healed esophagitis and 45% normalized EAE. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that in patients with incomplete symptom control on high-dose PPI therapy TF may provide further elimination of symptoms and esophagitis healing. In the original TF group, the clinical outcomes of TF remained stable between 6- and 12-month follow-up. Trail registration Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01647958. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-230X-14-174) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Sami Trad
- Department of Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Min MX, Ganz RA. Update in procedural therapy for GERD--magnetic sphincter augmentation, endoscopic transoral incisionless fundoplication vs laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2014; 16:374. [PMID: 24522889 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-014-0374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common and progressive condition manifested by heartburn or regurgitation. Though Nissen fundoplication has been and remains the gold standard for procedural therapy for GERD, two newer interventions have gained popularity: magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA), which entails the placement of a self expanding magnetic ring around the gastroesophageal (GE) junction, and transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF), an endoscopic approach that creates a neogastroesophageal valve near the fundus. Collective data gathered from four studies published within the past year suggest that the three modalities share comparable effectiveness in pH monitoring and patient satisfaction, TIF may have a lower proton pump inhibitor cessation rate, and Nissen fundoplication required longer recovery time and had a more serious adverse effects profile. Large, prospective, randomized controlled studies are needed to reliably compare the three procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael X Min
- Department of Medicine, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
The state of surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease after five decades. J Am Coll Surg 2014; 219:819-30. [PMID: 25241236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
32
|
Glicksman JT, Mick PT, Fung K, Carroll TL. Prokinetic agents and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease: Prokinetic agents and laryngopharyngeal reflux disease: a systematic review. Laryngoscope 2014; 124:2375-9. [PMID: 24782414 DOI: 10.1002/lary.24738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to systematically identify and evaluate prospective studies providing evidence for and against the use of prokinetic agents in the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) disease. DATA SOURCES Our data sources were PubMed, Embase, BIOSIS, and Web of Science databases. REVIEW METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies prospectively evaluating the effectiveness of prokinetic agents in the treatment of LPR. Data from eligible studies were independently extracted from each study by two authors. The primary outcome of interest was the improvement of LPR symptoms among study participants. Secondary outcomes included resolution of LPR physical signs and the development of side effects from therapy. RESULTS Among 724 unique articles identified, four studies met inclusion criteria. These four investigations provided mixed evidence about the effectiveness of prokinetic agents in the treatment of LPR. The studies included in the review were deemed to be at high risk of bias. Three of the four investigations demonstrated a statistically significant difference in patient symptoms that favored the use of prokinetics in the management of LPR. The investigations were mixed in their report of improvement in physical examination findings among patients receiving and those not receiving prokinetic medical therapy. No significant adverse effects were described in any of these trials. CONCLUSIONS Prokinetic agents may be a viable treatment option for LPR. The current body of literature is inadequate to make a recommendation for their use in this disease process. Further research should be conducted to assess the use of prokinetic medications in the management of LPR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan T Glicksman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bell RCW, Fox MA, Barnes WE, Mavrelis PG, Sewell RW, Carter BJ, Ihde GM, Trad KS, Dargis D, Hoddinott KM, Freeman KD, Gunsberger T, Hausmann MG, Gill BD, Wilson E. Univariate and multivariate analyses of preoperative factors influencing symptomatic outcomes of transoral fundoplication. Surg Endosc 2014; 28:2949-58. [PMID: 24879134 PMCID: PMC4186971 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background
Preoperative factors predicting symptomatic improvement after transoral fundoplication (TF) in chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with persistent symptoms on proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) therapy have not been elucidated fully. Methods Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on data from 158 consecutive patients who underwent TF with the EsophyX device between January 2010 and June 2012 in 14 community centers. Variables included age, gender, body mass index, GERD duration, PPIs therapy duration, presence of hiatal hernia, esophagitis, Hill grade, quality of life scores (QOL) on PPIs, % total time pH < 4, and DeMeester score on reflux testing off PPIs. Results All patients suffered from typical GERD symptoms. Additionally, 78 % (124/158) of patients suffered from atypical symptoms. Six percent (10/158) with recurrent GERD symptoms refractory to PPI therapy underwent revisional procedure (9 laparoscopic Nissen, 1 TF). Median follow-up was 22 (range 10–43) months. For patients with typical symptoms, univariate analyses revealed 4 preoperative factors predictive of successful outcomes: age ≥ 50 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.2–4.8, p = 0.014], GERD Health-related Quality of Life score (GERD-HRQL) ≥ 15 on PPIs (OR = 6.0, CI = 1.2–29.4, p = 0.026, Reflux Symptom Index score > 13 on PPIs (OR = 2.4, CI = 1.1–5.2, p = 0.027), and Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptom Score ≥ 18 on PPIs (OR = 2.6, CI = 1.2–5.8, p = 0.018). Age and GERD-HRQL score remained significant predictors by multivariate analysis. For patients with atypical symptoms, only GERD-HRQL score ≥ 15 on PPIs (OR = 9.9, CI = 0.9–4.6, p = 0.036) was associated with successful outcomes. Conclusions Elevated preoperative QOL scores on PPIs and age ≥ 50 were most closely associated with successful outcome of TF in patients with persistent symptoms despite medical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reginald C W Bell
- SurgOne Foregut Institute, 401 West Hampden Place, Suite 230, Englewood, CO, 80110, USA,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Univariate and multivariate analyses of preoperative factors influencing symptomatic outcomes of transoral fundoplication. Surg Endosc 2014. [PMID: 24879134 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3557-z.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative factors predicting symptomatic improvement after transoral fundoplication (TF) in chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with persistent symptoms on proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) therapy have not been elucidated fully. METHODS Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on data from 158 consecutive patients who underwent TF with the EsophyX device between January 2010 and June 2012 in 14 community centers. Variables included age, gender, body mass index, GERD duration, PPIs therapy duration, presence of hiatal hernia, esophagitis, Hill grade, quality of life scores (QOL) on PPIs, % total time pH < 4, and DeMeester score on reflux testing off PPIs. RESULTS All patients suffered from typical GERD symptoms. Additionally, 78% (124/158) of patients suffered from atypical symptoms. Six percent (10/158) with recurrent GERD symptoms refractory to PPI therapy underwent revisional procedure (9 laparoscopic Nissen, 1 TF). Median follow-up was 22 (range 10-43) months. For patients with typical symptoms, univariate analyses revealed 4 preoperative factors predictive of successful outcomes: age ≥ 50 [odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2-4.8, p = 0.014], GERD Health-related Quality of Life score (GERD-HRQL) ≥ 15 on PPIs (OR = 6.0, CI = 1.2-29.4, p = 0.026, Reflux Symptom Index score > 13 on PPIs (OR = 2.4, CI = 1.1-5.2, p = 0.027), and Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptom Score ≥ 18 on PPIs (OR = 2.6, CI = 1.2-5.8, p = 0.018). Age and GERD-HRQL score remained significant predictors by multivariate analysis. For patients with atypical symptoms, only GERD-HRQL score ≥ 15 on PPIs (OR = 9.9, CI = 0.9-4.6, p = 0.036) was associated with successful outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Elevated preoperative QOL scores on PPIs and age ≥ 50 were most closely associated with successful outcome of TF in patients with persistent symptoms despite medical therapy.
Collapse
|