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Shi J, Li W, Tao R, Zhou D, Guo Y, Fu H, Sun A, Zhang J, Mao J. Association of Catalase Gene Polymorphisms with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome in a Chinese Pediatric Population. Lab Med 2023; 54:35-40. [PMID: 35964233 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate the association between gene polymorphisms in catalase (CAT), a well-known oxidative stress regulator, and susceptibility to idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) or responses to steroid therapy in a Chinese pediatric population. METHODS We analyzed 3 CAT single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNVs; rs7943316, rs769217, and rs12270780) using multi-polymerase chain reaction combined with next-generation sequencing in 183 INS patients and 100 healthy controls. RESULTS For the allele and genotype frequencies of the CAT SNVs, no significant differences were observed between INS patients and controls. Patients with C allele of CAT rs769217 had a higher risk of developing steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome than the steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome patients (P = 0.018; odds ratio = 1.76). CONCLUSION Our data suggests that genetic variations in CAT were unlikely to confer susceptibility to INS in Chinese children, whereas the C allele of the CAT rs769217 polymorphism showed a strong association with steroid-dependent responses in Chinese INS children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haidong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anna Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Zheng Z, Chen G, Jing X, Liu L, Yang L. The risk factors for children with primary nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:3184-3193. [PMID: 35070832 PMCID: PMC8753467 DOI: 10.21037/tp-21-468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the risk factors of primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) with urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. METHODS Multiple databases including PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science (WOS), the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were used to search for relevant studies, which were full-text articles involved in the evaluation of differences between PNS with UTI and without UTI. All included articles were assessed for quality and the data analyses were conducted with Review Manager (5.4). Forest plots, sensitivity analysis, and bias analysis were also performed on the included articles. RESULTS Eight studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 3,274 patients. Meta-analysis showed that a low level of serum albumin [mean difference (MD): -0.32 g/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.55, -0.08); P=0.008], a low level of serum total protein [MD: -0.16 g/dL; 95% CI: (-0.20, -0.12); P<0.00001], a high level of urinary protein [MD: 5.09 mg/d; 95% CI: (3.13, 7.05); P<0.00001], a lower level of serum urea nitrogen [MD: -0.10 mg/dL; 95% CI: (-0.18, -0.02); P=0.01], and a higher level of serum cholesterol [MD: 2.26 mg/dL; 95% CI: (0.74, 3.78)] had a higher risk of PNS with UTI. There was no obvious publication bias among included studies. DISCUSSION Our research demonstrated that a low level of serum albumin, a low level of serum total protein, a high level of urinary protein, a low level of serum urea nitrogen, and a high level of serum cholesterol were the risk factors of PNS with UTI in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
| | - Guoli Chen
- Department of General Surgery 1, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
| | - Xiaoqing Jing
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
| | - Lirui Liu
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, China
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Tsuji S, Kaneko K. The long and winding road to the etiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children: Focusing on abnormalities in the gut microbiota. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1011-1019. [PMID: 33657643 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Childhood nephrotic syndrome is idiopathic in 90% of cases. Despite its relatively high prevalence (30-35 per 100 000 individuals under 15 years old), the etiology of the disease remains elusive. It has become clear that oxidants are elevated, and antioxidants are decreased, at onset of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). It was suggested that overexpression of podocyte CD80 induced by abnormalities of Tregs was involved in the pathogenesis of INS. Subsequently, it became clear that quantitative or qualitative reduction of Tregs has a profound impact on the development of INS. To address why Tregs are decreased at onset of INS, it was hypothesized that a decrease in Tregs may be associated with dysbiosis. Given the critical role of butyrate-producing bacteria in the differentiation of Tregs, the gut microbiota was analyzed with a particular focus on the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, and it was found that pediatric patients with INS had low levels of butyrate in their stool and a low percentage of butyrate-producing bacteria. Interestingly, it was recently reported that gut dysbiosis increases oxidative stress in the intestinal tract. Taken together, we currently hypothesize that gut dysbiosis is associated with a predisposition to INS because of immunological abnormalities characterized by abnormal Tregs with increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunari Kaneko
- Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
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Cakirca G, Guzelcicek A, Yilmaz K, Nas C. Increased ischemia-modified albumin levels in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1490-1494. [PMID: 33235562 PMCID: PMC7674859 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.7.2924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Growing evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an important role in the development and progression of nephrotic syndrome (NS). In this study, we aimed to examine serum IMA levels as an indicator of oxidative stress in children with steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) in remission and relapse. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Pediatric Nephrology Unit of Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey, from April 2019 to December 2019. In this study Serum IMA and albumin levels were determined in 70 children with SSNS and 45 healthy controls. Among the children with SSNS, 50 were in remission and 20 were in relapse. Then, adjusted IMA levels were calculated from the IMA/albumin ratio. Results: IMA and adjusted IMA levels significantly increased and albumin significantly decreased in children with SSNS in relapse and remission compared with those of the healthy controls. Moreover, these alterations were more prominent in the relapse group than in the remission group. IMA was inversely correlated with albumin in children with SSNS (r= −0.881, p= <0.001). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that elevated IMA and adjusted IMA levels observed in patients with SSNS were associated with increased oxidative stress and could indirectly reflect the degree of oxidative damage in glomerular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Cakirca
- Gokhan Cakirca, Department of Biochemistry, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Guzelcicek
- Ahmet Guzelcicek, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Kenan Yilmaz
- Kenan Yilmaz, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Cemal Nas
- Cemal Nas, Department of Biochemistry, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Patil VP, Patil AB, Patil VS, Ingleshwar DG. Paraoxonase Activity and Lipid Profile in Paediatric Nephrotic Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:BC17-20. [PMID: 27134858 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/18524.7440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dyslipidaemia of Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is known to be linked to oxidative reactions and atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase (PON1) has been implicated in the prevention of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) lipid peroxidation and also degrades biologically active oxidised lipids in lipoprotein. AIM The present study was taken up to assess PON1 levels in paediatric nephrotic syndrome and also to see if any correlation exists between lipid parameters and PON1. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consists of Group 1 with 40 cases of NS in the age group of 2-14 years and Group 2 with 40 age and sex matched healthy controls. Lipid profile and paraoxonase activity was measured in serum samples of both the groups. RESULTS Statistical analysis by student's t-test showed that the mean levels of Total Cholesterol, Trigylycerides, LDL, and VLDL were significantly increased in Group 1 when compared to Group 2 (p <0.001). The mean levels of HDL were similar in both groups. The levels of PON1 were significantly lowered in Group 1 when compared to Group 2. Correlation studies showed no significant correlation between lipid profile and PON1. CONCLUSION Cases have atherosclerotic dyslipidaemia and significantly decreased PON1 activity. Decreased PON1 may lead to increased oxidation of LDL accelerating the process of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayetha P Patil
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital , Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Anuradha B Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College , Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya S Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital , Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepti G Ingleshwar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital , Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Fan A, Jiang X, Mo Y, Tan H, Jiang M, Li J. Plasma levels of oxidative stress in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and their predictive value for relapse frequency. Pediatr Nephrol 2016; 31:83-8. [PMID: 26341250 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-015-3195-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress has been reported to play an important role in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). However, the results of previous studies are controversial. METHODS Forty children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Patients were followed-up for 12-18 months and divided into three subgroups: frequent relapse (n = 10), non-frequent relapse (n = 12), and non-relapse (n = 18). The plasma levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were tested in controls and patient group at first presentation and after 4 weeks of steroid treatment. RESULTS Patients had higher AOPP and MDA levels but lower SOD compared with controls. AOPP levels were significantly higher in the frequent relapse subgroup compared with the non-frequent relapse and non-relapse subgroups, respectively. No significant differences were found in the plasma levels of MDA and SOD among the three subgroups. AOPP >87.55 μmol/l before steroid treatment and AOPP >78.5 μmol/l after 4-week steroid treatment were positively correlated with the relapse frequency in patients with SSNS. CONCLUSIONS Children with SSNS have oxidative stress. The plasma levels of AOPP before and after 4-week steroid treatment may predict whether patients with SSNS will relapse frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwen Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Eastern District of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, NO. 183, Huangpu East Road, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, NO. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Ying Mo
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, NO. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Huizhen Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Eastern District of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, NO. 183, Huangpu East Road, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Mengjie Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, NO. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jinhua Li
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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Tulpar S, Gunduz Z, Sahin U, Hakan Poyrazoglu M, Dursun I, Dusunsel R, Bastug F. Trace elements in children suffering from idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Eurasian J Med 2014; 46:187-91. [PMID: 25610323 DOI: 10.5152/eajm.2014.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Trace elements play a significant role in several metabolic processes and often circulate in the blood binding to protein. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of selenium, zinc, and boron in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome patients in active and remission phases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen patients and fourteen healthy age-matched controls were included in the study. The selenium, zinc and boron level in plasma and urine were measured by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. RESULTS The plasma levels of zinc and selenium were significantly lower in both active and remission patients (for all p=0.0001). The plasma boron level was significantly lower only in patients in active phase (p=0.0002 vs control). The concentrations of urinary boron and selenium were significantly higher during active phase compared with remission (p=0.0003 and 0.0001, respectively). CONCLUSION Supplementation with zinc, selenium and boron may be justified in patients suffering with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Tulpar
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zubeyde Gunduz
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ugur Sahin
- Department of Chemistry, Erciyes University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - M Hakan Poyrazoglu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ismail Dursun
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ruhan Dusunsel
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Funda Bastug
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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Petrovic S, Bogavac-Stanojevic N, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Peco-Antic A, Ivanisevic I, Ivanisevic J, Paripovic D, Jelic-Ivanovic Z. Oxidative status parameters in children with urinary tract infection. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2014; 24:266-72. [PMID: 24969920 PMCID: PMC4083578 DOI: 10.11613/bm.2014.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infectious diseases in children. The aim of this study was to determine the total prooxidant and antioxidant capacity of children with UTI, as well as changes of oxidative status parameters according to acute inflammation persistence and acute kidney injury (AKI) development. Materials and methods: The patients enrolled in the study comprised 50 Caucasian children (median age was 6 months) with UTI. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) and renal function parameters urea and creatinine were analyzed in patient’s serums. Results: According to duration of inflammation during UTI, TAS values were significantly higher (0.99 vs. 0.58 mmol/L, P = 0.017) and OSI values were significantly lower (0.032 vs. 0.041 AU, P = 0.037) in the subjects with longer duration of inflammation than in the subjects with shorter duration of inflammation. We did not find significant difference in basal values of oxidative status parameters according to AKI development. Conclusions: OSI values could detect the simultaneous change of TAS and TOS due to change in the oxidative-antioxidant balance during the recovery of children with UTI. TAS and OSI as markers of oxidative stress during UTI are sensitive to accompanying inflammatory condition. Further investigations are needed to evaluate whether TAS, TOS and OSI could be used to monitor disease severity in children with UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Petrovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Mao S, Zhang A, Huang S. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, vitamin C and E in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: a meta-analysis. Ren Fail 2014; 36:994-9. [PMID: 24665878 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2014.900430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a measurement of lipid oxidation; vitamin C and E are important components of antioxidants. However, the association between MDA, vitamin C or E levels and INS remains elusive. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the alteration of serum levels of MDA, vitamin C and E in INS compared with controls. Eight studies were included in our meta-analysis according to predefined criteria. Active INS patients demonstrated significantly higher level of serum MDA (SMD: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.511 to 2.749, p < 10(-4)), markedly lower levels of serum vitamin C (SMD: -1.449, 95% CI: -2.616 to -0.281, p = 0.015) and E (SMD: -1.45, 95% CI: -2.544 to -0.356, p = 0.009) compared with those in controls. Active steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) patients showed comparable levels of serum vitamin C and E to those in controls. INS subjects in the remission stage demonstrated significantly higher level of serum MDA (SMD: 1.028, 95% CI: 0.438 to 1.617, p < 10(-4)), markedly lower level of serum vitamin C (SMD: -2.235, 95% CI: -3.048 to -1.421, p < 10(4)) and similar level of serum vitamin E compared with those in controls. No significant publication bias was observed. In conclusion, the disorder of MDA and vitamin C persists in the remission stage of INS. It seems that the serum levels of vitamin C and E is associated with the responsiveness of INS to steroids. However, more studies should be performed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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Subclinical cardiovascular disease and its association with risk factors in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2014; 29:95-102. [PMID: 24037224 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-013-2608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its relation to risk factors in pediatric patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (NS). METHODS Thirty-seven patients with normal renal function were compared with 22 healthy controls regarding the presence of subclinical CVD. Measurements included aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima media thickness (IMT), and left ventricular mass (LVM). Patients were additionally assessed for blood pressure (BP) pattern and the presence of hypertension by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. RESULTS Compared with the controls, patients had significantly higher mean aortic PWV-standard deviation scores (SDS), mean carotid IMT-SDS, and LVM index (p < 0.001 for all). Increased aortic PWV was noted in 5 % of patients, increased carotid IMT in 22 %, and increased LVM index in 19 %. Five patients (14 %) were hypertensive, and mean BP indexes, SDS, and BP loads during nighttime were significantly higher than those during daytime (p < 0.001 for all). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant relationship between PWV-SDS and ferritin (R(2) = 0.269, p = 0.006) and between carotid IMT-SDS and proteinuria (R(2) = 0.141, p = 0.022). The LVM index was independently associated only with higher body mass index SDS (R(2) = 0.317, p < 0.001). In addition, six patients (16 %) had multiple abnormal subclinical CVD markers, and increased subclinical CVD risk was independently associated only with higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (R(2) = 0.292, p = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, steroid-resistant NS children generally are at high risk of cardiovascular complications, but the increased risk is likely to be multifactorial.
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Hashemi M, Sadeghi-Bojd S, Raeisi M, Moazeni-Roodi A. Evaluation of paraoxonase activity in children with nephrotic syndrome. Nephrourol Mon 2013; 5:978-82. [PMID: 24693505 PMCID: PMC3955290 DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Paraoxonase, a high-density lipoprotein associated enzyme, prevents low-density lipoproteins from oxidation. Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate the serum activities of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and aryleterase (ARE) as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in children with nephrotic syndrome in acute and remission phase. Patients and Methods The study consisted of 20 patients in acute and remission phases and 23 healthy controls. PON-1 and ARE activities were determined spectrophotometrically using paraoxone and phenyacetate as substrate, respectively. TAC was measured using ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). Results The levels of PON, ARE, and TAC were significantly lower in acute phase of nephrotic syndrome compared with the remission phase. The levels of PON, ARE and TAC increased in remission phase. Conclusions Our results revealed that the determination of paraoxonase activity might be a biomarker for responses to nephrotic syndrome treatment, which needs to be fully clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hashemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammad Hashemi, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +541-3414573, E-mail:
| | - Simin Sadeghi-Bojd
- Research Center for Children and Adolescents Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Pediaterics, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Mohsen Raeisi
- Department of Pediaterics, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Moazeni-Roodi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
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