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Zhu Z, Wang Y, Ning W, Liu C, Chen C. Torquetenovirus from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a biomarker for lung infection among immunocompromised hosts. Biomark Med 2024; 18:581-591. [PMID: 38982729 PMCID: PMC11370955 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2366148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Torquetenovirus (TTV) was a promising biomarker for immunity, while lung regional TTV for evaluating the opportunistic infection among immunocompromised hosts (ICH) was unclear.Materials & methods: In the ICH and non-ICH populations, we compared the susceptibility to opportunistic infections, clinical severity and the prognosis between subgroups, respectively.Results: ICH with detectable bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-TTV were more susceptible to lung aspergillosis and Mycobacterium infections. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that the ICH cohort with detectable BALF-TTV represented a higher clinical severity and a worse prognosis, while the above findings were not found in the non-ICH population.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the BALF-TTV could act as an effective predictor for opportunistic infection for ICH that complemented the CD4+ T cell counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Zhu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou215006, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou215006, China
| | - Weiwei Ning
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou215006, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou215006, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou215006, China
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2
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Roberto P, Cinti L, Lucente D, Russo G, Lai Q, Micozzi A, Gentile G, Turriziani O, Pierangeli A, Antonelli G. TTV and CMV viral load dynamics: Which emerges first during immunosuppression? J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29814. [PMID: 39015038 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Novel biomarkers reflecting the degree of immunosuppression in transplant patients are required to ensure eventual personalized equilibrium between rejection and infection risks. With the above aim, Torque Teno Virus (TTV) viremia was precisely examined in a large cohort of transplanted immunocompromised patients (192 hematological and 60 solid organ transplant recipients) being monitored for Cytomegalovirus reactivation. TTV load was measured in 2612 plasma samples from 448 patients. The results revealed a significant increase in TTV viral load approximately 14 days following CMV reactivation/infection in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. No recognizable difference in TTV load was noted among hematological patients during the entire timeframe analyzed. Furthermore, a temporal gap of approximately 30 days was noted between the viral load peaks reached by the two viruses, with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) preceding TTV. It was not possible to establish a correlation between CMV reactivation/infection and TTV viremia in hematological patients. On the other hand, the SOT patient cohort allowed us to analyze viral kinetics and draw intriguing conclusions. Taken together, the data suggest, to our knowledge for the first time, that CMV infection itself could potentially cause an increase in TTV load in the peripheral blood of patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiorgio Roberto
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- PhD National Programme in One Health Approaches to Infectious Diseases and Life Science Research, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
| | - Lilia Cinti
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
- PhD National Programme in Innovazione nella diagnosi, prevenzione e terapia delle infezioni a rischio epidemico-pandemico, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Dario Lucente
- Department of Mathematics & Physics, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianluca Russo
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Quirino Lai
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
- Department of Chirurgia Generale e Specialistica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Micozzi
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gentile
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ombretta Turriziani
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pierangeli
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Antonelli
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- University Hospital "Policlinico Umberto I", Rome, Italy
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3
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Laroche C, Engen RM. Immune monitoring in pediatric kidney transplant. Pediatr Transplant 2024; 28:e14785. [PMID: 38766986 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term outcomes in pediatric kidney transplantation remain suboptimal, largely related to chronic rejection. Creatinine is a late marker of renal injury, and more sensitive, early markers of allograft injury are an active area of current research. METHODS This is an educational review summarizing existing strategies for monitoring for rejection in kidney transplant recipients. RESULTS We summarize supporting currently available clinical tests, including surveillance biopsy, donor specific antibodies, and donor-derived cell free DNA, as well as the potential limitations of these studies. In addition, we review the current avenues of active research, including transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and torque tenovirus levels. CONCLUSION Advancing the use of noninvasive immune monitoring will depend on well-designed multicenter trials that include patients with stable graft function, include biopsy results on all patients, and can demonstrate both association with a patient-relevant clinical endpoint such as graft survival or change in glomerular filtration rate and a potential timepoint for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel M Engen
- University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Mafi S, Essig M, Rerolle JP, Lagathu G, Crochette R, Brodard V, Schvartz B, Gouarin S, Bouvier N, Engelmann I, Garstka A, Bressollette-Bodin C, Cantarovitch D, Germi R, Janbon B, Archimbaut C, Heng AE, Garnier F, Gomes-Mayeras M, Labrunie A, Hantz S, Alain S. Torque teno virus viremia and QuantiFERON ®-CMV assay in prediction of cytomegalovirus reactivation in R+ kidney transplant recipients. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1180769. [PMID: 37425298 PMCID: PMC10323437 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1180769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent infectious complication following solid organ transplantation. Torque teno viruses (TTV) viremia has been proposed as a biomarker of functional immunity in the management of kidney transplant recipients (KTR). The QuantiFERON®-CMV (QF-CMV) is a commercially available assay that allows the assessment of CD8+ T-cell responses in routine diagnostic laboratories. Methods In a prospective national multicenter cohort of 64 CMV-seropositive (R+) KTR, we analyzed the value of TTV load and the two markers of the QF-CMV assay [QF-Ag (CMV-specific T-cell responses) and QF-Mg (overall T-cell responses)], alone and in combination, in prediction of CMV reactivation (≥3 log10 IU/ ml) in the first post-transplant year. We compared previously published cut-offs and specific cut-offs optimized from ROC curves for our population. Results Using the conventional cut-off (3.45 log10 copies/ml), TTV load at D0 [inclusion visit on the day of transplantation before induction (D0)], or at M1 (1-month post-transplant visit) perform better in predicting CMV viremia control than CMV reactivation. Survival analyses suggest a better performance of our optimized TTV cut-offs (3.78 log10 copies/ml at D0 and 4.23 log10 copies/ml at M1) for risk stratification of CMV reactivation in our R+ KTR cohort. The QF-CMV (QF-Ag = 0.2 IU/ml, and QF-Mg = 0.5 IU/ml) also appears to better predict CMV viremia control than CMV reactivation. Moreover, survival analyses suggest that the QF-Mg would perform better than the QF-Ag in stratifying the risk of CMV reactivation. The use of our optimized QF-Mg cut-off (1.27 IU/ml) at M1 further improved risk stratification of CMV reactivation. Using conventional cut-offs, the combination of TTV load and QF-Ag or TTV load and QF-Mg did not improve prediction of CMV viremia control compared to separate analysis of each marker but resulted in an increase of positive predictive values. The use of our cut-offs slightly improved risk prediction of CMV reactivation. Conclusion The combination of TTV load and QF-Ag or TTV load and QF-Mg could be useful in stratifying the risk of CMV reactivation in R+ KTR during the first post-transplant year and thereby have an impact on the duration of prophylaxis in these patients. Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov registry, identifier NCT02064699.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mafi
- French National Reference Center for Herpesviruses, Bacteriology, Virology, Hygiene Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
- Inserm, RESINFIT, U1092, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Marie Essig
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rerolle
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Gisèle Lagathu
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Romain Crochette
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Véronique Brodard
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Betoul Schvartz
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Reims, France
| | - Stephanie Gouarin
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Bouvier
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Ilka Engelmann
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Antoine Garstka
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Diego Cantarovitch
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Raphaële Germi
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Benedicte Janbon
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Archimbaut
- Virology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anne-Elizabeth Heng
- Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Françoise Garnier
- French National Reference Center for Herpesviruses, Bacteriology, Virology, Hygiene Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
- Inserm, RESINFIT, U1092, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Melissa Gomes-Mayeras
- French National Reference Center for Herpesviruses, Bacteriology, Virology, Hygiene Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
- Inserm, RESINFIT, U1092, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Anaïs Labrunie
- Biostatistics Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Sébastien Hantz
- French National Reference Center for Herpesviruses, Bacteriology, Virology, Hygiene Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
- Inserm, RESINFIT, U1092, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Sophie Alain
- French National Reference Center for Herpesviruses, Bacteriology, Virology, Hygiene Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
- Inserm, RESINFIT, U1092, Université de Limoges, Limoges, France
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Ning S, Dai Z, Zhao C, Feng Z, Jin K, Yang S, Shen Q, Wang X, Sun R, Zhang W. Novel putative pathogenic viruses identified in pangolins by mining metagenomic data. J Med Virol 2022; 94:2500-2509. [PMID: 34978087 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pangolin is the only scaly mammal in the world and also an important reservoir of pathogenic viruses. Habitat loss and poaching have been shrinking the survival range of pangolins. More information on pangolin virus populations is needed to better understand and assess potential disease risks. In this study, viral metagenomic data were used to reinvestigate the virome in pangolin lung tissue. Complete genome sequences of two novel anelloviruses were acquired and clustered with the referenced feline strains belonging to genus Tettorquevirus and genus Etatorquevirus, respectively. Two genomes belonging to the genus Gemykibivirus, and species Bat-associated cyclovirus 9 were detected, respectively. One genome with a large contig belonging to the genus Senecavirus were also characterized, according to phylogenetic analysis, which can be presumed to be a novel species. In addition, a full genome of endogenous retroviruse (ERV) was assembled from the lungs of pangolin, and this virus may have the possibility of cross-species transmission during the evolution. This virological investigation has increased our understanding of the virome carried by pangolins and provided a reference baseline for possible zoonotic infectious diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyi Ning
- Donghai County People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Donghai, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyuan Dai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Nursing School, Wuxi Taihu University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhanghao Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kexin Jin
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shixing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Runfeng Sun
- Donghai County People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Donghai, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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