Effektivität von Biofeedback bei Patienten mit chronischem Rückenschmerz: Einfluss auf Schmerz, psychologische Faktoren und Stressmarker

Low Back Pain: A Comprehensive Review on the Diagnosis, Treatment Options, and the Role of Other Contributing Factors

BACKGROUND: In recent years, low back pain (LBP) is a growing major health issue around the world and mostly addressed in primary healthcare settings. This may be due to changing work environment including the nature of long sitting work hours, especially in the booming information and technology (IT) and Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry. LBP is normally considered as a combination of various types of pain and its related conditions, which eventually lead to disabilities. AIM: In this article, the aim is to discuss the current and future perspectives of LBP mainly on diagnosis and therapeutic front of LBP. METHODS: A search was performed using electronic databases, which include PubMed Central and Google Scholar, using the related key words “back pain and low back pain.” All related peer reviewed published articles were included regardless of the language, region, or the publication date. RESULTS: Although the management of LBP both in terms of diagnosis as well as in the therapeutic options has witnessed considerable progress but challenges are still exist not only within countries but also in the regions and continents among various medical professionals. However, in the past few years, a huge array of coordinated but randomized multi-center clinical studies were performed and various detailed insight investigations have been done, and substantial clinical guidelines have become available. Hence, a new view on evidence-based management approach for LBP has significantly improved recently and discussed here. CONCLUSION: Based on the available evidence and literature, this comprehensive review discusses the present and future perspectives of LBP mainly on diagnosis and therapeutic front for LBP. In addition, current intervention and prevention plans have failed to lessen the considerable burden of LBP and hence several areas which require more details, which deserves additional discussion to augment us through an understanding of this very important topic on improvements of multi tasked outcomes to benefit the affected patients.

Effects of physical exercise on low back pain and cortisol levels: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Aim: To verify the effects of physical exercise on low back pain (LBP) and serum cortisol levels in individuals with chronic LBP. Materials & methods: Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of exercise on LBP perception and cortisol levels in adults with nonspecific chronic LBP were included. Results: Four randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 85 participants in the exercise group and 84 in the control group. The interventions reduced -1.61 (95% CI: -2.36 to -0.85) with inconsistency I2 = 72% (p = 0.031) the LBP level and increased 1.05 (95% CI: 0.22–2.32) with inconsistency I2 = 86% (p < 0.0001) the cortisol levels. Conclusion: The practice of physical exercise for 6 weeks or more reduced LBP levels, whereas the rate of progression of an exercise-training program in people with chronic LBP is greater than 4 weeks, but increased the cortisol serum levels in individuals with LBP.