[Diagnostics and therapy in children and adolescents with chronic pain : Trends in interventions potentially dangerous to health]

[Chronic pain in children and adolescents]

Chronic pain in children and adolescents is often of multifactorial origin. The psychological stress of the patients is extremely high and is often influenced by excessive diagnostics. A pain diary as well as specific questionnaires concerning pain and depression can help to diagnose a chronic pain syndrome in the outpatient care.The treatment of chronic pain is based on a multimodal concept, which needs a multiprofessional team. The structure of outpatient treatment for this group of patients is sometimes still insufficient in Germany, which is why the treatment is nearly exclusively carried out in hospital. This is closely correlated with the success of treatment because otherwise the acquired strategies cannot be implemented into the routine use.

[Chronic pain in pediatric primary care : What do adolescents and parents expect and how do they perceive treatment?]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Recurrent pain in childhood and adolescence is a common health problem. Pediatricians are usually the patients' first contact person. The current study investigated patients' and parents' expectations when consulting a pediatrician and their rating of the treatment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In 36 pediatric practices, 224 patients with recurrent pain and 273 parents participated in this cross-sectional tablet survey. The collected data included the motivation for arranging a physician consultation, pain concept, treatment expectations, and assessment of treatment. Additionally, the patients' age was investigated as an influencing factor.

RESULTS

The patients' and parents' predominant motivation for arranging a consultation was the clarification of the cause of pain. Older patients were additionally motivated by frequent but ineffective drug use. Predominantly in older patients, a biopsychosocial pain explanation was identified. Approximately half of all patients and parents indicated biological and psychological influencing factors. The most frequent expectation of the consultation was obtaining information on pain management. Overall, consultations were rated very positively, especially when patients and parents felt understood and taken seriously.

CONCLUSIONS

Information about the cause of pain and pain management are essential for patients and parents. Besides good communication, sufficient time resources of the practitioner are required.

Economic long-term effects of intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment in paediatric patients with severe chronic pain: Analysis of claims data

OBJECTIVE

Chronic pain in children and adolescents gives rise to high healthcare costs. Successful treatment is supposed to reduce the economic burden. The objective of this study was to determine the changes in healthcare utilization and expenditures from 1 year before (Pre) intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) to the first (Post 1) and second (Post 2) years after discharge in a sample of paediatric chronic pain patients.

METHODS

Claims data from one statutory health insurance company were analysed for 119 children and adolescents (mean age = 15.3, 68.9% female) who sought IIPT at the German Paediatric Pain Centre. Costs incurred for inpatient treatment, outpatient treatment, medication, remedies and aids were compared before treatment and 2 years after discharge. Healthcare utilization was compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and expenditures using trimmed means and the Yuen's t-test.

RESULTS

Overall costs were significantly lower in the 2 years after IIPT compared to before IIPT (Pre: 3,543€, Post 1:2,681€, Post 2:1937€ (trimmed means)). Healthcare utilization changed significantly; hospitalizations decreased in the years after discharge, while psychotherapies stayed stable in the year after discharge but lessened in the second year.

CONCLUSION

The results of this study support prior findings on the high economic burden of paediatric chronic pain. IIPT may contribute to a transition in healthcare utilization from somatic-focused treatments to more psychological treatments. Overall costs were reduced as soon as the first year after discharge and decreased even further in the second year.

SIGNIFICANCE

This study analyses original claims data from paediatric chronic pain patients in the year before and up to 2 years after intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment in a specialized paediatric pain centre. The analysis of long-term data reveals a continuous cost reduction after intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment and a change in the subsequent outpatient treatment.