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Yan D, Li M, Si W, Ni S, Liu X, Chang Y, Guo X, Wang J, Bai J, Chen Y, Jia H, Zhang T, Wu M, Song X, Tian Z, Yu L. Haze Exposure Changes the Skin Fungal Community and Promotes the Growth of Talaromyces Strains. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0118822. [PMID: 36507683 PMCID: PMC10269824 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01188-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Haze pollution has been a public health issue. The skin microbiota, as a component of the first line of defense, is disturbed by environmental pollutants, which may have an impact on human health. A total of 74 skin samples from healthy students were collected during haze and nonhaze days in spring and winter. Significant differences of skin fungal community composition between haze and nonhaze days were observed in female and male samples in spring and male samples in winter based on unweighted UniFrac distance analysis. Phylogenetic diversity whole-tree indices and observed features were significantly increased during haze days in male samples in winter compared to nonhaze days, but no significant difference was observed in other groups. Dothideomycetes, Capnodiales, Mycosphaerellaceae, etc. were significantly enriched during nonhaze days, whereas Trichocomaceae, Talaromyces, and Pezizaceae were significantly enriched during haze days. Thus, five Talaromyces strains were isolated, and an in vitro culture experiment revealed that the growth of representative Talaromyces strains was increased at high concentrations of particulate matter, confirming the sequencing results. Furthermore, during haze days, the fungal community assembly was better fitted to a niche-based assembly model than during nonhaze days. Talaromyces enriched during haze days deviated from the neutral assembly process. Our findings provided a comprehensive characterization of the skin fungal community during haze and nonhaze days and elucidated novel insights into how haze exposure influences the skin fungal community. IMPORTANCE Skin fungi play an important role in human health. Particulate matter (PM), the main haze pollutant, has been a public environmental threat. However, few studies have assessed the effects of air pollutants on skin fungi. Here, haze exposure influenced the diversity and composition of the skin fungal community. In an in vitro experiment, a high concentration of PM promoted the growth of Talaromyces strains. The fungal community assembly is better fitted to a niche-based assembly model during haze days. We anticipate that this study may provide new insights on the role of haze exposure disturbing the skin fungal community. It lays the groundwork for further clarifying the association between the changes of the skin fungal community and adverse health outcomes. Our study is the first to report the changes in the skin fungal community during haze and nonhaze days, which expands the understanding of the relationship between haze and skin fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yan
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Min Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Wenhao Si
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Shijun Ni
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yahan Chang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaochan Guo
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yuanhang Chen
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Haoyue Jia
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minna Wu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology, Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xiangfeng Song
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhongwei Tian
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Liyan Yu
- China Pharmaceutical Culture Collection, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Apangu GP, Frisk CA, Adams-Groom B, Petch GM, Hanson M, Skjøth CA. Using qPCR and microscopy to assess the impact of harvesting and weather conditions on the relationship between Alternaria alternata and Alternaria spp. spores in rural and urban atmospheres. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2023:10.1007/s00484-023-02480-w. [PMID: 37191729 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02480-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Alternaria is a plant pathogen and human allergen. Alternaria alternata is one of the most abundant fungal spores in the air. The purpose of this study was to examine whether Alternaria spp. spore concentrations can be used to predict the abundance and spatio-temporal pattern of A. alternata spores in the air. This was investigated by testing the hypothesis that A. alternata dominates airborne Alternaria spp. spores and varies spatio-temporally. Secondarily, we aimed at investigating the relationship between airborne Alternaria spp. spores and the DNA profile of A. alternata spores between two proximate (~ 7 km apart) sites. These were examined by sampling Alternaria spp. spores using Burkard 7-day and cyclone samplers for the period 2016-2018 at Worcester and Lakeside campuses of the University of Worcester, UK. Daily Alternaria spp. spores from the Burkard traps were identified using optical microscopy whilst A. alternata from the cyclone samples was detected and quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results showed that either A. alternata or other Alternaria species spores dominate the airborne Alternaria spore concentrations, generally depending on weather conditions. Furthermore, although Alternaria spp. spore concentrations were similar for the two proximate sites, A. alternata spore concentrations significantly varied for those sites and it is highly likely that the airborne samples contained large amounts of small fragments of A. alternata. Overall, the study shows that there is a higher abundance of airborne Alternaria allergen than reported by aerobiological networks and the majority is likely to be from spore and hyphal fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey Philliam Apangu
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, WR2 6AJ, Worcester, UK.
- Protecting Crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK.
| | - Carl Alexander Frisk
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, WR2 6AJ, Worcester, UK
- Department of Urban Greening and Vegetation Ecology, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Ås, Norway
| | - Beverley Adams-Groom
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, WR2 6AJ, Worcester, UK
| | - Geoffrey M Petch
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, WR2 6AJ, Worcester, UK
| | - Mary Hanson
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, WR2 6AJ, Worcester, UK
- Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia
| | - Carsten Ambelas Skjøth
- School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, WR2 6AJ, Worcester, UK
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
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Vélez-Pereira AM, De Linares C, Belmonte J. Aerobiological modelling II: A review of long-range transport models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157351. [PMID: 35842165 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The long-range atmospheric transport models of pollen and fungal spores require four modules for their development: (i) Meteorological module: which contain the meteorological model, and it can be coupled to transport model with the same output configuration (spatio-temporal resolution), or uncoupled does not necessarily have the same output parameters. (ii) Emission module: settles the mass fluxes of bioaerosol, it can be done with a complex parameterization integrating phenological models and meteorological factors or by a simple emission factor. (iii) Sources of emission module, specifically refers to forestry/agronomy maps or, in the case of herbs and fungi, to potential geographical areas of emission. Obtaining the highest possible resolution in these maps allows establishing greater reliability in the modelling. (iv) Atmospheric transport module, with its respective established output parameters. The review and subsequent analysis presented in this article, were performed on published electronic scientific articles from 1998 to 2016. Of a total of 101 models applied found in 64 articles, 33 % performed forward modelling (using 15 different models) and 67 % made backward modelling (with three different models). The 88 % of the cases were applied to pollen (13 taxa) and 12 % to fungal spores (3 taxa). Regarding the emission module, 22 % used parametrization (four different parameters) and 10 % emission factors. The most used transport model was HYSPLIT (59 %: 56 % backward and 3 % forward) following by SILAM 10 % (all forward). Main conclusions were that the models of long-range transport of pollen and fungal spores had high technical-scientific requirements to development and that the major limitations were the establishment of the flow and the source of the emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés M Vélez-Pereira
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile; Laboratorio de Investigaciones Medioambientales de Zonas Áridas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
| | | | - Jordina Belmonte
- Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Anees-Hill S, Douglas P, Pashley CH, Hansell A, Marczylo EL. A systematic review of outdoor airborne fungal spore seasonality across Europe and the implications for health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151716. [PMID: 34800445 PMCID: PMC8919338 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fungal spores make up a significant proportion of organic matter within the air. Allergic sensitisation to fungi is associated with conditions including allergic fungal airway disease. This systematic review analyses outdoor fungal spore seasonality across Europe and considers the implications for health. Seventy-four studies met the inclusion criteria, the majority of which (n = 64) were observational sampling studies published between 1978 and 2020. The most commonly reported genera were the known allergens Alternaria and Cladosporium, measured in 52 and 49 studies, respectively. Both displayed statistically significant increased season length in south-westerly (Mediterranean) versus north-easterly (Atlantic and Continental) regions. Although there was a trend for reduced peak or annual Alternaria and Cladosporium spore concentrations in more northernly locations, this was not statistically significant. Peak spore concentrations of Alternaria and Cladosporium exceeded clinical thresholds in nearly all locations, with median peak concentrations of 665 and 18,827 per m3, respectively. Meteorological variables, predominantly temperature, precipitation and relative humidity, were the main factors associated with fungal seasonality. Land-use was identified as another important factor, particularly proximity to agricultural and coastal areas. While correlations of increased season length or decreased annual spore concentrations with increasing average temperatures were reported in multi-decade sampling studies, the number of such studies was too small to make any definitive conclusions. Further, up-to-date studies covering underrepresented geographical regions and fungal taxa (including the use of modern molecular techniques), and the impact of land-use and climate change will help address remaining knowledge gaps. Such knowledge will help to better understand fungal allergy, develop improved fungal spore calendars and forecasts with greater geographical coverage, and promote increased awareness and management strategies for those with allergic fungal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Anees-Hill
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LW, UK; The National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LW, UK.
| | - Philippa Douglas
- The National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LW, UK; Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK.
| | - Catherine H Pashley
- The National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LW, UK; Department of Respiratory Sciences, Institute for Lung Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Anna Hansell
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LW, UK; The National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LW, UK.
| | - Emma L Marczylo
- The National Institute of Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7LW, UK; Toxicology Department, UK Health Security Agency, Harwell Campus, Chilton, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK.
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Herych OM, Popovych VI, Koshel IV, Orishchak DT, Orishchak OR, Maksymenko YR, Bocharow AV, Herych PR. Clinical efficiency of allergen-specific immunotherapy with fungal allergens in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis against the background of fungal sensitization. J Med Life 2022; 15:359-361. [PMID: 35450007 PMCID: PMC9015183 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal flora is one of the causes of inflammatory, including polypous, processes in the nasal cavity. In this regard, studies aimed at reducing the effect of fungal sensitization (FS) on the course of chronic polypous rhinosinusitis (CPRS) are relevant. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of various treatment options on the clinical course of the disease in patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis against the background of sensitization to fungi. The study included 90 patients with chronic polypous rhinosinusitis in combination with FS. The patients were divided into two groups - the first clinical group (G1) and the second clinical group (G2). G1 patients received allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) according to the scheme. G2 patients received basic treatment. Evaluation of the clinical efficiency of ASIT was made based on complaints, assessment of symptom severity on a visual analog scale (VAS), and rhinoendoscopic examination. The treatment outcomes were evaluated on a 4-point scale, with excellent results (4 points) - complete remission of the disease during the follow-up period (6-12 months); good (3 points) - exacerbation of the disease 1-2 times a year, in mild form and removed by expectant treatment; satisfactory (2 points) - the number of exacerbations did not decrease. The use of ASIT therapy is pathogenetically justified and leads to a significant improvement in the clinical condition of patients with CPRS with FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesia Mykhailivna Herych
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine,Corresponding Author: Olesia Mykhailivna Herych, Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine. E-mail:
| | - Vasyl Ivanovich Popovych
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Ivanna Vasylivna Koshel
- Department of Therapy and Family Medicine of Postgraduate Education, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Diana Tadeivna Orishchak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Ostap Romanovych Orishchak
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Yaroslav Romanovych Maksymenko
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | | | - Petro Romanovych Herych
- Department of Internal Medicine No.1, Clinical Immunology and Allergology named after Academician E.M. Neiko, Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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Abstract
Fungal spores make up a significant portion of Primary Biological Aerosol Particles (PBAPs) with large quantities of such particles noted in the air. Fungal particles are of interest because of their potential to affect the health of both plants and humans. They are omnipresent in the atmosphere year-round, with concentrations varying due to meteorological parameters and location. Equally, differences between indoor and outdoor fungal spore concentrations and dispersal play an important role in occupational health. This review attempts to summarise the different spore sampling methods, identify the most important spore types in terms of negative effects on crops and the public, the factors affecting their growth/dispersal, and different methods of predicting fungal spore concentrations currently in use.
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Vélez-Pereira AM, De Linares C, Belmonte J. Aerobiological modeling I: A review of predictive models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148783. [PMID: 34243002 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present work is the first of two reviews on applied modeling in the field of aerobiology. The aerobiological predictive models for pollen and fungal spores, usually defined as predictive statistical models, will, amongst other objectives, forecast airborne particles' concentration or dynamical behavior of the particles. These models can be classified into Observation Based Models (OBM), Phenological Based Models (PHM), or OTher Models (OTM). The aim of this review is to show, analyze and discuss the different predictive models used in pollen and spore aerobiological studies. The analysis was performed on published electronic scientific articles from 1998 to 2016 related to the type of model, the taxa and the modelled parameters. From a total of 503 studies, 55.5% used OBM (44.8% on pollen and 10.7% on fungal spores), 38.5% PHM (all on pollen) and 6% OTM (5.4% on pollen and 0.6% on fungal spores). OBM have been used with high frequency to forecast concentration. The most frequent model of OBM was linear regression (18.5% out of 503) on pollen and artificial neural networks (4.6%) on fungal spores. In the PHM, the principal use was to characterize the main pollen season (flowering season) based on the model of growth degree days. Finally, OTM have been used to estimate concentrations at unmonitored areas. Olea (14,5%) on pollen and Alternaria (4,8%) on fungal spores were the taxa most frequently modelled. Daily concentration was the most modelled parameter by OBM (25.2%) and season start day by PHM (35.6%). The PHM approaches include greater model diversity and use fewer independent variables than OBM. In addition, PHM show to be easier to apply than OBM; however, the wide range of criteria to define the parameters to use in PHM (e.g.: pollination start day) makes that each model is used with a lesser frequency than other models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés M Vélez-Pereira
- Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP), ECO-Climático, Coyahique, Chile; Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Concepción De Linares
- Department of Botany, Universidad de Granada, Spain; Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordina Belmonte
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Cordero JM, Núñez A, García AM, Borge R. Assessment and statistical modelling of airborne microorganisms in Madrid. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116124. [PMID: 33246763 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The limited evidence available suggests that the interaction between chemical pollutants and biological particles may intensify respiratory diseases caused by air pollution in urban areas. Unlike air pollutants, which are routinely measured, records of biotic component are scarce. While pollen concentrations are daily surveyed in most cities, data related to airborne bacteria or fungi are not usually available. This work presents the first effort to understand atmospheric pollution integrating both biotic and abiotic agents, trying to identify relationships among the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Ascomycota phyla with palynological, meteorological and air quality variables using all biological historical records available in the Madrid Greater Region. The tools employed involve statistical hypothesis contrast tests such as Kruskal-Wallis and machine learning algorithms. A cluster analysis was performed to analyse which abiotic variables were able to separate the biotic variables into groups. Significant relationships were found for temperature and relative humidity. In addition, the relative abundance of the biological phyla studied was affected by PM10 and O3 ambient concentration. Preliminary Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) to predict the biotic relative abundances based on these atmospheric variables were developed. The results (r = 0.70) were acceptable taking into account the scarcity of the available data. These models can be used as an indication of the biotic composition when no measurements are available. They are also a good starting point to continue working in the development of more accurate models and to investigate causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Cordero
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, (UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Núñez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana M García
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Borge
- Environmental Modelling Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, (UPM), E-28006, Madrid, Spain.
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Diversity, Concentration and Dynamics of Culturable Fungal Bioaerosols at Doha, Qatar. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010182. [PMID: 33383754 PMCID: PMC7796145 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the dynamics of airborne fungi using viable culture collection and in respect to different abiotic variables, including seasonal and intra-diurnal variations. A gravimetric method was used to sample airborne fungal deposition on potato dextrose agar plates on alternate days, for a year between April 2015 to March 2016. From 176 settle plate exposures, a total of 1197 mould and 283 yeast colony-forming units (CFU), 21 genera and 62 species were retrieved. The highest fungal spore count was recorded in February 2016, whereas the lowest count occurred in August 2015. The main constituents of the fungal airspora were attributed to Cladosporium (60.2%), Aspergillus (10.4%), Fusarium (9.4%), Alternaria (8.5%), and Ganoderma spp. (2.3%). Temperature was negatively correlated with total colony count (r = −0.231, p ≤ 0.05) or species richness (r = −0.267, p ≤ 0.001), while wind speed was positively correlated with total colony count (r = 0.484, p ≤ 0.001) or species richness (r = 0.257, p ≤ −0.001). The highest dispersal of fungal spores was obtained at 18:00, whereas the lowest fungal spores release was recorded at 00:00 (midnight). There were no significant differences in species composition and richness of the airborne fungal population between two study sites, the Industrial area and Qatar University Campus. The count of Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. were significantly higher at the Industrial area site, which corresponds to a higher CO2 level than the Qatar University site. This study lays the foundation for future work to assess the implications of such aeromycological data on public health.
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Shin JY, Han MJ, Cho C, Kim KR, Ha JC, Oh JW. Allergenic Pollen Calendar in Korea Based on Probability Distribution Models and Up-to-Date Observations. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2020; 12:259-273. [PMID: 32009321 PMCID: PMC6997285 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2020.12.2.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pollen calendar is the simplest forecasting method for pollen concentrations. As pollen concentrations are liable to seasonal variations due to alterations in climate and land-use, it is necessary to update the pollen calendar using recent data. To attenuate the impact of considerable temporal and spatial variability in pollen concentrations on the pollen calendar, it is essential to employ a new methodology for its creation. METHODS A pollen calendar was produced in Korea using data from recent observations, and a new method for creating the calendar was proposed, considering both risk levels and temporal resolution of pollen concentrations. A probability distribution was used for smoothing concentrations and determining risk levels. Airborne pollen grains were collected between 2007 and 2017 at 8 stations; 13 allergenic pollens, including those of alder, Japanese cedar, birch, hazelnut, oak, elm, pine, ginkgo, chestnut, grasses, ragweed, mugwort and Japanese hop, were identified from the collected grains. RESULTS The concentrations of each pollen depend on locations and seasons due to large variability in species distribution and their environmental condition. In the descending order of concentration, pine, oak and Japanese hop pollens were found to be the most common in Korea. The pollen concentrations were high in spring and autumn, and those of oak and Japanese hop were probably the most common cause of allergy symptoms in spring and autumn, respectively. High Japanese cedar pollen counts were observed in Jeju, while moderate concentrations were in Jeonju, Gwangju and Busan. CONCLUSIONS A new methodology for the creation of a pollen calendar was developed to attenuate the impact of large temporal and spatial variability in pollen concentrations. This revised calendar should be available to the public and allergic patients to prevent aggravation of pollen allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Young Shin
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Mae Ja Han
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Changbum Cho
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Kyu Rang Kim
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea.
| | - Jong Chul Ha
- Applied Meteorology Research Division, National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo, Korea
| | - Jae Won Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Vélez-Pereira AM, De Linares C, Canela MA, Belmonte J. Logistic regression models for predicting daily airborne Alternaria and Cladosporium concentration levels in Catalonia (NE Spain). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2019; 63:1541-1553. [PMID: 31377867 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Alternaria and Cladosporium are the most common airborne fungal spores responsible for health problems, as well as for crop pathologies. The study of their behavior in the air is a necessary step for establishing control and prevention measures. The aim of this paper is to develop a logistic regression model for predicting the daily concentrations of airborne Alternaria and Cladosporium fungal spores from meteorological variables. To perform the logistic regression analysis, the concentration levels are binarized using concentration thresholds. The fungal spore data have been obtained at eight aerobiological monitoring stations of the Aerobiological Network of Catalonia (NE Spain). The meteorological data used were the maximum and minimum daily temperatures and daily rainfall provided by the meteorological services. The relationship between the meteorological variables and the fungal spore levels has been modeled by means of logistic regression equations, using data from the period 1995-2012. Values from years 2013-2014 were used for validation. In the case of Alternaria, three equations for predicting the presence and the exceedance of the thresholds 10 and 30 spores/m3 have been established. For Cladosporium, four equations for the thresholds 200, 500, 1000, and 1500 spores/m3 have been established. The temperature and cumulative rainfall in the last 3 days showed a positive correlation with airborne fungal spore levels, while the rain on the same day had a negative correlation. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated to measure the predictive power of the model, showing a reasonable percentage of correct predictions (ranging from 48 to 99%). The simple equations proposed allow us to forecast the levels of fungal spores that will be in the air the next day, using only the maximum and minimum temperatures and rainfall values provided by weather forecasting services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés M Vélez-Pereira
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepción De Linares
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Miguel-Angel Canela
- Department of Managerial Decision Sciences, IESE Business School, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordina Belmonte
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Grinn-Gofroń A, Nowosad J, Bosiacka B, Camacho I, Pashley C, Belmonte J, De Linares C, Ianovici N, Manzano JMM, Sadyś M, Skjøth C, Rodinkova V, Tormo-Molina R, Vokou D, Fernández-Rodríguez S, Damialis A. Airborne Alternaria and Cladosporium fungal spores in Europe: Forecasting possibilities and relationships with meteorological parameters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 653:938-946. [PMID: 30759619 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Airborne fungal spores are prevalent components of bioaerosols with a large impact on ecology, economy and health. Their major socioeconomic effects could be reduced by accurate and timely prediction of airborne spore concentrations. The main aim of this study was to create and evaluate models of Alternaria and Cladosporium spore concentrations based on data on a continental scale. Additional goals included assessment of the level of generalization of the models spatially and description of the main meteorological factors influencing fungal spore concentrations. Aerobiological monitoring was carried out at 18 sites in six countries across Europe over 3 to 21 years depending on site. Quantile random forest modelling was used to predict spore concentrations. Generalization of the Alternaria and Cladosporium models was tested using (i) one model for all the sites, (ii) models for groups of sites, and (iii) models for individual sites. The study revealed the possibility of reliable prediction of fungal spore levels using gridded meteorological data. The classification models also showed the capacity for providing larger scale predictions of fungal spore concentrations. Regression models were distinctly less accurate than classification models due to several factors, including measurement errors and distinct day-to-day changes of concentrations. Temperature and vapour pressure proved to be the most important variables in the regression and classification models of Alternaria and Cladosporium spore concentrations. Accurate and operational daily-scale predictive models of bioaerosol abundances contribute to the assessment and evaluation of relevant exposure and consequently more timely and efficient management of phytopathogenic and of human allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Grinn-Gofroń
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Phytogeography, Faculty of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Jakub Nowosad
- Space Informatics Lab, University of Cincinnati, 219 Braunstein Hall, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA; Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Bosiacka
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Phytogeography, Faculty of Biology, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irene Camacho
- Madeira University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Campus Universitário da Penteada, 9000-390 Funchal, Portugal.
| | - Catherine Pashley
- Institute for Lung Health, Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - Jordina Belmonte
- Unidad de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Botany Unit, Dept. Of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Concepción De Linares
- Unidad de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Botany Unit, Dept. Of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Nicoleta Ianovici
- West University of Timisoara, Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry-Biology-Geography, Romania
| | - Jose María Maya Manzano
- University of Extremadura, Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Avda Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Magdalena Sadyś
- University of Worcester, Institute of Science and the Environment, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom; Hereford & Worcester Fire and Rescue Service Headquarters, Performance & Information, Hindlip Park, Worcester, WR3 8SP, United Kingdom.
| | - Carsten Skjøth
- University of Worcester, Institute of Science and the Environment, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rafael Tormo-Molina
- Department of Construction, School of Technology, University of Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Despoina Vokou
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece.
| | - Santiago Fernández-Rodríguez
- Department of Construction, School of Technology, University of Extremadura, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Athanasios Damialis
- Department of Ecology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece; Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine, UNIKA-T, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neusaesser Str. 47, DE-86156 Augsburg, Germany.
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13
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Rice MB, Li W, Wilker EH, Gold DR, Schwartz J, Zanobetti A, Koutrakis P, Kloog I, Washko GR, O'Connor GT, Mittleman MA. Association of outdoor temperature with lung function in a temperate climate. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.00612-2018. [PMID: 30578386 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00612-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute exposure to cold dry air is a trigger of bronchoconstriction, but little is known about how daily outdoor temperature influences lung function.We investigated associations of temperature from a model using satellite remote sensing data with repeated measures of lung function among 5896 participants of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring and Third Generation cohorts residing in the Northeastern US. We further tested if temperature modified previously reported associations between pollution and lung function. We constructed linear mixed-effects models, and assessed departures from linearity using penalised splines.In fully adjusted linear models, 1-, 2- and 7-day average temperatures were all associated with lower lung function: each 5°C higher previous-week temperature was associated with a 20 mL lower (95% CI -34---6) forced expiratory volume in 1 s. There was significant effect modification by season: negative associations of temperature and lung function were present in winter and spring only. Negative associations between previous-day fine particulate matter and lung function were present during unseasonably warm but not unseasonably cool days, with a similar pattern for other pollutants.We speculate that temperature-related differences in lung function may be explained by behavioural changes on relatively warm days, which may increase outdoor exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary B Rice
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Diane R Gold
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Itai Kloog
- Dept of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - George R Washko
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,The NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - George T O'Connor
- The NHLBI's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA.,Pulmonary Center, Dept of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Pyrri I, Kapsanaki-Gotsi E. Functional relations of airborne fungi to meteorological and pollution factors in a Mediterranean urban environment. FUNGAL ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Ercilla-Montserrat M, Izquierdo R, Belmonte J, Montero JI, Muñoz P, De Linares C, Rieradevall J. Building-integrated agriculture: A first assessment of aerobiological air quality in rooftop greenhouses (i-RTGs). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 598:109-120. [PMID: 28437767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Building-integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG) agriculture has intensified in recent years, due to the growing interest in the development of new agricultural spaces and in the promotion of food self-sufficiency in urban areas. This paper provides a first assessment of the indoor dynamics of bioaerosols in an i-RTG, with the aim of evaluating biological air quality in a tomato greenhouse near Barcelona. It evaluates the greenhouse workers' exposure to airborne pollen and fungal spores in order to prevent allergy problems associated with occupational tasks. Moreover, it evaluates whether the quality of the hot air accumulated in the i-RTG is adequate for recirculation to heat the building. Daily airborne pollen and fungal spore concentrations were measured simultaneously in the indoor and outdoor environments during the warm season. A total of 4,924pollengrains/m3 were observed in the i-RTG, with a peak of 334pollengrains/m3day, and a total of 295,038 fungal spores were observed, reaching a maximum concentration of 26,185spores/m3day. In general, the results showed that the most important source of pollen grains and fungal spores observed indoors was the outdoor environment. However, Solanaceae pollen and several fungal spore taxa, such as the allergenic Aspergillus/Penicillium, largely originated inside the greenhouses or were able to colonize the indoor environment under favourable growing conditions. Specific meteorological conditions and agricultural management tasks are related to the highest observed indoor concentrations of pollen grains and fungal spores. Therefore, preventive measures have been suggested in order to reduce or control the levels of bioaerosols indoors (to install a system to interrupt the recirculation of air to the building during critical periods or to implement appropriate air filters in ventilation air ducts). This first evaluation could help in making decisions to prevent the development of fungal diseases, specifically those due to Oidium and Torula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Ercilla-Montserrat
- Sostenipra Research Group (SGR 01412), Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (MDM-2015-0552), Z Building, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Izquierdo
- AEROBIOTA Research Group (2014SGR1274), Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (ICTA), Z Building, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici C, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordina Belmonte
- AEROBIOTA Research Group (2014SGR1274), Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (ICTA), Z Building, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici C, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Ignacio Montero
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Research (IRTA), Carretera de Cabrils, km 2, 08348 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Muñoz
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Research (IRTA), Carretera de Cabrils, km 2, 08348 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepción De Linares
- AEROBIOTA Research Group (2014SGR1274), Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (ICTA), Z Building, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Edifici C, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Rieradevall
- Sostenipra Research Group (SGR 01412), Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (MDM-2015-0552), Z Building, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Building Q, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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17
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Kim KR, Kim M, Choe HS, Han MJ, Lee HR, Oh JW, Kim BJ. A biology-driven receptor model for daily pollen allergy risk in Korea based on Weibull probability density function. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:259-272. [PMID: 27387542 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-016-1208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pollen is an important cause of respiratory allergic reactions. As individual sanitation has improved, allergy risk has increased, and this trend is expected to continue due to climate change. Atmospheric pollen concentration is highly influenced by weather conditions. Regression analysis and modeling of the relationships between airborne pollen concentrations and weather conditions were performed to analyze and forecast pollen conditions. Traditionally, daily pollen concentration has been estimated using regression models that describe the relationships between observed pollen concentrations and weather conditions. These models were able to forecast daily concentrations at the sites of observation, but lacked broader spatial applicability beyond those sites. To overcome this limitation, an integrated modeling scheme was developed that is designed to represent the underlying processes of pollen production and distribution. A maximum potential for airborne pollen is first determined using the Weibull probability density function. Then, daily pollen concentration is estimated using multiple regression models. Daily risk grade levels are determined based on the risk criteria used in Korea. The mean percentages of agreement between the observed and estimated levels were 81.4-88.2 % and 92.5-98.5 % for oak and Japanese hop pollens, respectively. The new models estimated daily pollen risk more accurately than the original statistical models because of the newly integrated biological response curves. Although they overestimated seasonal mean concentration, they did not simulate all of the peak concentrations. This issue would be resolved by adding more variables that affect the prevalence and internal maturity of pollens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Rang Kim
- National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo-si, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mijin Kim
- National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Seong Choe
- National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Mae Ja Han
- National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Lee
- National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Oh
- College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Jo Kim
- National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Seogwipo-si, Republic of Korea
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18
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Kasprzyk I, Kaszewski BM, Weryszko-Chmielewska E, Nowak M, Sulborska A, Kaczmarek J, Szymanska A, Haratym W, Jedryczka M. Warm and dry weather accelerates and elongates Cladosporium spore seasons in Poland. AEROBIOLOGIA 2016; 32:109-126. [PMID: 27034537 PMCID: PMC4773468 DOI: 10.1007/s10453-016-9425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is the environmental factor that systematically changes for decades and, as in plants and animals, can significantly affect the growth and development of fungi, including the abundance of their sporulation. During the time of study (2010-2012), a rapid increase in air temperature was observed in Poland, which coincided with the substantial decrease in rainfall. The increase in annual mean temperatures at three monitoring sites of this study was 0.9 °C in Lublin and Rzeszow (east Poland) and 2.0 °C in Poznan (west Poland). Such warming of air masses was comparable to the average global air temperature rise in the period of 1880-2012 accounting for 0.85 °C, as reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Moreover, there was a substantial decrease in rainfall, ranging from 32.7 % (Poznan) to 43.0 % (Rzeszow). We have demonstrated that under such conditions the mean and median values of total Cladosporium spore counts significantly increased and the spore seasons were greatly accelerated. Moreover, earlier start and later end of the season caused its extension, lasting from over 20 days in Rzeszow to around 60 days in Lublin and Poznan, when the cumulative amount of 5-95 % of spores was considered. The time of reaching the cumulative amount of 50 % of spores was up to 25 days earlier (difference in Poznan between 2010 and 2012). There was also a striking acceleration of the date of the maximal Cladosporium spore concentration per cubic metre of air (26 days for Lublin, 43 for Poznan and 56 for Rzeszow).
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Affiliation(s)
- Idalia Kasprzyk
- />Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Boguslaw Michal Kaszewski
- />Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Krasnicka 2cd, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Nowak
- />Laboratory of Aeropalynology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aneta Sulborska
- />Department of Botany, Lublin University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kaczmarek
- />Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Szymanska
- />Laboratory of Aeropalynology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Weronika Haratym
- />Department of Botany, Lublin University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Jedryczka
- />Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
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19
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Gunawardana M, Hyde ER, Lahmeyer S, Dorsey BL, La Val TP, Mullen M, Yoo J, Knight R, Baum MM. Euphorbia plant latex is inhabited by diverse microbial communities. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2015; 102:1966-1977. [PMID: 26656131 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1500223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY The antimicrobial properties and toxicity of Euphorbia plant latex should make it a hostile environment to microbes. However, when specimens from Euphorbia spp. were propagated in tissue culture, microbial growth was observed routinely, raising the question whether the latex of this diverse plant genus can be a niche for polymicrobial communities. METHODS Latex from a phylogenetically diverse set of Euphorbia species was collected and genomic microbial DNA extracted. Deep sequencing of bar-coded amplicons from taxonomically informative gene fragments was used to measure bacterial and fungal species richness, evenness, and composition. KEY RESULTS Euphorbia latex was found to contain unexpectedly complex bacterial (mean: 44.0 species per sample; 9 plants analyzed) and fungal (mean: 20.9 species per sample; 22 plants analyzed) communities using culture-independent methods. Many of the identified taxa are known plant endophytes, but have not been previously found in latex. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that Euphorbia plant latex, a putatively hostile antimicrobial environment, unexpectedly supports diverse bacterial and fungal communities. The ecological roles of these microorganisms and potential interactions with their host plants are unknown and warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjula Gunawardana
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, 128-132 W. Chestnut Ave., Monrovia, California 91016 USA
| | - Embriette R Hyde
- BioFrontiers Institute, the University of Colorado at Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303 USA; present address: Department of Pediatrics, the University of California at San Diego, 9600 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Sean Lahmeyer
- The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens, 1151 Oxford Road, San Marino, California 91108 USA
| | - Brian L Dorsey
- The Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens, 1151 Oxford Road, San Marino, California 91108 USA
| | - Taylor P La Val
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, 128-132 W. Chestnut Ave., Monrovia, California 91016 USA
| | - Madeline Mullen
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, 128-132 W. Chestnut Ave., Monrovia, California 91016 USA
| | - Jennifer Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, 128-132 W. Chestnut Ave., Monrovia, California 91016 USA
| | - Rob Knight
- BioFrontiers Institute, the University of Colorado at Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303 USA; present address: Department of Pediatrics, the University of California at San Diego, 9600 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093 USA Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Computer Science, the University of Colorado at Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, Colorado 80303 USA; present address: Departments of Pediatrics and Computer Science and Engineering, the University of California at San Diego, 9600 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Marc M Baum
- Department of Chemistry, Oak Crest Institute of Science, 128-132 W. Chestnut Ave., Monrovia, California 91016 USA
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20
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Sadyś M, Kennedy R, Skjøth CA. An analysis of local wind and air mass directions and their impact on Cladosporium distribution using HYSPLIT and circular statistics. FUNGAL ECOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Fernández-Rodríguez S, Sadyś M, Smith M, Tormo-Molina R, Skjøth CA, Maya-Manzano JM, Silva-Palacios I, Gonzalo-Garijo Á. Potential sources of airborne Alternaria spp. spores in South-west Spain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 533:165-76. [PMID: 26156135 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fungi belonging to the genus of Alternaria are recognised as being significant plant pathogens, and Alternaria allergens are one of the most important causes of respiratory allergic diseases in Europe. This study aims to provide a detailed and original analysis of Alternaria transport dynamics in Badajoz, SW Spain. This was achieved by examining daily mean and hourly observations of airborne Alternaria spores recorded during days with high airborne concentrations of Alternaria spores (>100 s m(-3)) from 2009 to 2011, as well as four inventory maps of major Alternaria habitats, the overall synoptic weather situation and analysis of air mass transport using Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model and geographic information systems. Land use calculated within a radius of 100 km from Badajoz shows that crops and grasslands are potentially the most important local sources of airborne Alternaria spores recorded at the site. The results of back trajectory analysis show that, during the examined four episodes, the two main directions where Alternaria source areas were located were: (1) SW-W; and (2) NW-NE. Regional scale and long distance transport could therefore supplement the airborne catch recorded at Badajoz with Alternaria conidia originating from sources such as crops and orchards situated in other parts of the Iberian Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Fernández-Rodríguez
- University of Extremadura, Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Avda Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Magdalena Sadyś
- University of Worcester, National Pollen and Aerobiology Research Unit, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom; Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Matt Smith
- Adam Mickiewicz University, Faculty of Biology, Laboratory of Aeropalynology, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafael Tormo-Molina
- University of Extremadura, Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Avda Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carsten Ambelas Skjøth
- University of Worcester, National Pollen and Aerobiology Research Unit, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom
| | - José María Maya-Manzano
- University of Extremadura, Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Avda Elvas s/n, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Silva-Palacios
- University of Extremadura, Department of Applied Physics, Engineering Agricultural School, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Ángela Gonzalo-Garijo
- Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Department of Allergology, 06080 Badajoz, Spain
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22
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Katotomichelakis M, Nikolaidis C, Makris M, Proimos E, Aggelides X, Constantinidis TC, Papadakis CE, Danielides V. AlternariaandCladosporiumcalendar of Western Thrace: Relationship with allergic rhinitis symptoms. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:E51-6. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Katotomichelakis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Medical School; Democritus University of Thrace; Alexandroupolis Evros
| | - Christos Nikolaidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection , Medical School; Democritus University of Thrace; Alexandroupolis Evros
| | - Michael Makris
- the Allergy Unit “D. Kalogeromitros,” 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical School; University of Athens, “Attikon” University Hospital; Athens Attika
| | - Efklidis Proimos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Chania General Hospital; Chania Crete Greece
| | - Xenophon Aggelides
- the Allergy Unit “D. Kalogeromitros,” 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical School; University of Athens, “Attikon” University Hospital; Athens Attika
| | - Theodoros C. Constantinidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection , Medical School; Democritus University of Thrace; Alexandroupolis Evros
| | | | - Vassilios Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology , Medical School; Democritus University of Thrace; Alexandroupolis Evros
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23
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Kasprzyk I, Rodinkova V, Šaulienė I, Ritenberga O, Grinn-Gofron A, Nowak M, Sulborska A, Kaczmarek J, Weryszko-Chmielewska E, Bilous E, Jedryczka M. Air pollution by allergenic spores of the genus Alternaria in the air of central and eastern Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:9260-74. [PMID: 25592912 PMCID: PMC4473279 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-4070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Spores of the genus Alternaria belong to one of the most prevailing constituents of the air in all regions of the world. They form infectious inoculum of numerous plant species as well as severe inhaled allergies. The aim of this study was to compare the biological pollution with Alternaria spores of the air of 12 cities located in central and eastern Europe. The experiment was done in 2010 and it covered the territory of Latvia (LV), Lithuania (LT), Poland (PL) and Ukraine (UA). The spores were counted using an identical method and standard equipment (7-day Lanzoni volumetric sampler) followed by extensive statistical calculations. The timing of the day of maximum concentration changed mainly along the N-S direction and had a positive correlation with latitude. The most important factor determining the increase in Alternaria spore concentration was the temperature, whereas other weather parameters were not related or of low significance. Regardless of geographical location, the first phase of the season (0-0.9 % of Alternaria spores in the air) was the longest (up to 60 days) and the last (97.5 to 99 %) was the shortest (22 days or less). The means of daily concentrations of Alternaria spores ranged from 11 spores m(-3) in Klaipeda (LT, Baltic Sea coast) to 187 in Poznan (west PL, agricultural plain). The threshold value of 80 spores m(-3) that triggers the first allergy symptoms was exceeded in 8 to 86 days (Vinnitsa, UA, temperate continental, forest-steppes region). There were considerable differences between the highest number of spores per cubic metre of air, varying from 139 in the north (Klaipeda, LT) to 2,295 in central west (Poznan, PL). The biological pollution by Alternaria spores in several places of central and eastern Europe was high; the number of days exceeding the threshold value of 300 spores m(-3) connected with serious health problems of atopic people ranged from 0 to 1 on the north (LV, LT) to 29 in central west (Poznan, PL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Idalia Kasprzyk
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Victoria Rodinkova
- Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine
| | - Ingrida Šaulienė
- Department of Environmental Research, Siauliai University, Šiauliai, Lithuania
| | - Olga Ritenberga
- Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia Riga, Riga, Latvia
| | - Agnieszka Grinn-Gofron
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Phytogeography, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Nowak
- Laboratory of Aeropalynology, Faculty of Biology and Department of Dermatology, Adam Mickiewicz University and University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aneta Sulborska
- Department of Botany, Lublin University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kaczmarek
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Elena Bilous
- Vinnitsa National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnitsa, Ukraine
| | - Malgorzata Jedryczka
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
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24
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Filali Ben Sidel F, Bouziane H, Del Mar Trigo M, El Haskouri F, Bardei F, Redouane A, Kadiri M, Riadi H, Kazzaz M. Airborne fungal spores of Alternaria, meteorological parameters and predicting variables. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:339-346. [PMID: 24844880 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-014-0845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Alternaria is frequently found as airborne fungal spores and is recognized as an important cause of respiratory allergies. The aerobiological monitoring of fungal spores was performed using a Burkard volumetric spore traps. To establish predicting variables for daily and weakly spore counts, a stepwise multiple regression between spore concentrations and independent variables (meteorological parameters and lagged values from the series of spore concentrations: previous day or week concentration (Alt t - 1) and mean concentration of the same day or week in other years (C mean)) was made with data obtained during 2009-2011. Alternaria conidia are present throughout the year in the atmosphere of Tetouan, although they show important seasonal fluctuations. The highest levels of Alternaria spores were recorded during the spring and summer or autumn. Alternaria showed maximum daily values in April, May or October depending on year. When the spore variables of Alternaria, namely C mean and Alt t - 1, and meteorological parameters were included in the equation, the resulting R (2) satisfactorily predict future concentrations for 55.5 to 81.6 % during the main spore season and the pre-peak 2. In the predictive model using weekly values, the adjusted R (2) varied from 0.655 to 0.676. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the results from the expected values and the pre-peak spore data or weekly values for 2012, indicating that there were no significant differences between series compared. This test showed the C mean, Alt t - 1, frequency of the wind third quadrant, maximum wind speed and minimum relative humidity as the most efficient independent variables to forecast the overall trend of this spore in the air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Filali Ben Sidel
- Laboratory of Diversity and Conservation of Biological Systems, Faculty of Sciences, Mhannech II, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Postal Code 2121, Tetouan, Morocco
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25
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Sadyś M, Strzelczak A, Grinn-Gofroń A, Kennedy R. Application of redundancy analysis for aerobiological data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2015; 59:25-36. [PMID: 24671406 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-014-0818-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
An aerobiological survey was conducted through five consecutive years (2006-2010) at Worcester (England). The concentration of 20 allergenic fungal spore types was measured using a 7-day volumetric spore trap. The relationship between investigated fungal spore genera and selected meteorological parameters (maximum, minimum, mean and dew point temperatures, rainfall, relative humidity, air pressure, wind direction) was examined using an ordination method (redundancy analysis) to determine which environmental factors favoured their most abundance in the air and whether it would be possible to detect similarities between different genera in their distribution pattern. Redundancy analysis provided additional information about the biology of the studied fungi through the results of the Spearman's rank correlation. Application of the variance inflation factor in canonical correspondence analysis indicated which explanatory variables were auto-correlated and needed to be excluded from further analyses. Obtained information will be consequently implemented in the selection of factors that will be a foundation for forecasting models for allergenic fungal spores in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sadyś
- National Pollen and Aerobiology Research Unit, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, WR2 6AJ, Worcester, England, UK,
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26
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Incidence des spores fongiques de l’air de Tétouan (NW du Maroc) et influence des paramètres météorologiques. REVUE FRANCAISE D ALLERGOLOGIE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reval.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Aira MJ, Rodríguez-Rajo FJ, Fernández-González M, Seijo C, Elvira-Rendueles B, Abreu I, Gutiérrez-Bustillo M, Pérez-Sánchez E, Oliveira M, Recio M, Tormo R, Morales J. Spatial and temporal distribution of Alternaria spores in the Iberian Peninsula atmosphere, and meteorological relationships: 1993-2009. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2013; 57:265-274. [PMID: 22562500 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-012-0550-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an updated of airborne Alternaria spore spatial and temporal distribution patterns in the Iberian Peninsula, using a common non-viable volumetric sampling method. The highest mean annual spore counts were recorded in Sevilla (39,418 spores), Mérida (33,744) and Málaga (12,947), while other sampling stations never exceeded 5,000. The same cities also recorded the highest mean daily spore counts (Sevilla 109 spores m(-3); Mérida 53 spores m(-3) and Málaga 35 spores m(-3)) and the highest number of days on which counts exceeded the threshold levels required to trigger allergy symptoms (Sevilla 38 % and Mérida 30 % of days). Analysis of annual spore distribution patterns revealed either one or two peaks, depending on the location and prevailing climate of sampling stations. For all stations, average temperature was the weather parameter displaying the strongest positive correlation with airborne spore counts, whilst negative correlations were found for rainfall and relative humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Jesús Aira
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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