Mental imagery classification using one-dimensional convolutional neural network for target selection in single-channel BCI-controlled mobile robot

Promoting charging safety of electric bicycles via machine learning

The worldwide penetration of electric bicycles has caused numerous charging accidents; however, online diagnosing charging faults remains challenging because of non-standard chargers, non-uniform communication manners and inaccessible battery inner status. The development of Internet of Things enables to acquire the input current information of chargers in the cloud platform, thereby supplying an alternative perspective to excavate underlying charge abnormalities. Through analyzing 181,282 charge records collected from the power-grid side, we establish an update-to-date deep neural network algorithm, which can automatically capture these charge feature variables, determine their dependencies and identify abnormal charge behaviors. Based on the only input current sequences, the algorithm can effectively diagnose the charging fault with the average accuracy of 85%, efficiently ensuring the charging safety of more than 20 million E-bicycles after substantial validations. Besides, this diagnosis framework can be extended to the real-time charge safety detection of electric vehicles and other similar energy storage systems.

Exploiting pretrained CNN models for the development of an EEG-based robust BCI framework

Identifying motor and mental imagery electroencephalography (EEG) signals is imperative to realizing automated, robust brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. In the present study, we proposed a pretrained convolutional neural network (CNN)-based new automated framework feasible for robust BCI systems with small and ample samples of motor and mental imagery EEG training data. The framework is explored by investigating the implications of different limiting factors, such as learning rates and optimizers, processed versus unprocessed scalograms, and features derived from untuned pretrained models in small, medium, and large pretrained CNN models. The experiments were performed on three public datasets obtained from BCI Competition III. The datasets were denoised with multiscale principal component analysis, and time-frequency scalograms were obtained by employing a continuous wavelet transform. The scalograms were fed into several variants of ten pretrained models for feature extraction and identification of different EEG tasks. The experimental results showed that ShuffleNet yielded the maximum average classification accuracy of 99.52% using an RMSProp optimizer with a learning rate of 0.000 1. It was observed that low learning rates converge to more optimal performances compared to high learning rates. Moreover, noisy scalograms and features extracted from untuned networks resulted in slightly lower performance than denoised scalograms and tuned networks, respectively. The overall results suggest that pretrained models are robust when identifying EEG signals because of their ability to preserve the time-frequency structure of EEG signals and promising classification outcomes.