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Błaszkowski J, Niezgoda P, Meller E, Milczarski P, Zubek S, Malicka M, Uszok S, Casieri L, Goto BT, Magurno F. New taxa in Glomeromycota: Polonosporaceae fam. nov., Polonospora gen. nov., and P. polonica comb. nov. Mycol Prog 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-021-01726-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPhylogenetic analyses of sequences of the nuc rDNA small subunit (18S), internal transcribed spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS), and large subunit (28S) region (= 18S-ITS-28S), as well as sequences of this region concatenated with sequences of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB1) gene, proved that the species originally described as Acaulospora polonica (phylum Glomeromycota) represents a new genus and a new family of the ancient order Archaeosporales, here introduced into the Glomeromycota under the names Polonospora and Polonosporaceae, respectively. The phylogenetic analyses and BLASTn queries also indicated that the Polonosporaceae with P. polonica comb. nov. still contains several morphologically undescribed taxa at the ranks of genus and species, which have a worldwide distribution.
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Venice F, Desirò A, Silva G, Salvioli A, Bonfante P. The Mosaic Architecture of NRPS-PKS in the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus Gigaspora margarita Shows a Domain With Bacterial Signature. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:581313. [PMID: 33329443 PMCID: PMC7732545 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.581313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
As obligate biotrophic symbionts, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) live in association with most land plants. Among them, Gigaspora margarita has been deeply investigated because of its peculiar features, i.e., the presence of an intracellular microbiota with endobacteria and viruses. The genome sequencing of this fungus revealed the presence of some hybrid non-ribosomal peptide synthases-polyketide synthases (NRPS-PKS) that have been rarely identified in AMF. The aim of this study is to describe the architecture of these NRPS-PKS sequences and to understand whether they are present in other fungal taxa related to G. margarita. A phylogenetic analysis shows that the ketoacyl synthase (KS) domain of one G. margarita NRPS-PKS clusters with prokaryotic sequences. Since horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has often been advocated as a relevant evolutionary mechanism for the spread of secondary metabolite genes, we hypothesized that a similar event could have interested the KS domain of the PKS module. The bacterial endosymbiont of G. margarita, Candidatus Glomeribacter gigasporarum (CaGg), was the first candidate as a donor, since it possesses a large biosynthetic cluster involving an NRPS-PKS. However, bioinformatics analyses do not confirm the hypothesis of a direct HGT from the endobacterium to the fungal host: indeed, endobacterial and fungal sequences show a different evolution and potentially different donors. Lastly, by amplifying a NRPS-PKS conserved fragment and mining the sequenced AMF genomes, we demonstrate that, irrespective of the presence of CaGg, G. margarita, and some other related Gigasporaceae possess such a sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Venice
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP)-SS Turin-National Research Council (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Desirò
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Gladstone Silva
- Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Salvioli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Bonfante
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Rhizoglomus venetianum, a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species from a heavy metal-contaminated site, downtown Venice in Italy. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1437-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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4
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Crossay T, Cilia A, Cavaloc Y, Amir H, Redecker D. Four new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) associated with endemic plants from ultramafic soils of New Caledonia. Mycol Prog 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-018-1386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pontes JS, Oehl F, Marinho F, Coyne D, Silva DKAD, Yano-Melo AM, Maia LC. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Brazil's Caatinga and experimental agroecosystems. Biotropica 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S. Pontes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos; Centro de Biociências; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Av. da Engenharia s/n 50740-600 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Fritz Oehl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos; Centro de Biociências; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Av. da Engenharia s/n 50740-600 Recife PE Brazil
- Agroscope, Ecotoxicology; Schloss 1 CH-8820 Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Frederico Marinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas; Centro de Biociências; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Av. da Engenharia s/n 50740-600 Recife PE Brazil
| | - Danny Coyne
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA); Oyo Road Ibadan Nigeria
| | - Danielle Karla Alves da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos; Centro de Biociências; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Av. da Engenharia s/n 50740-600 Recife PE Brazil
- Colegiado de Zootecnia; Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco; Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12 Lote 543 56300-990 Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - Adriana M. Yano-Melo
- Colegiado de Zootecnia; Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco; Campus de Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia BR 407, Km 12 Lote 543 56300-990 Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - Leonor C. Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos; Centro de Biociências; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Av. da Engenharia s/n 50740-600 Recife PE Brazil
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Sudová R, Sýkorová Z, Rydlová J, Čtvrtlíková M, Oehl F. Rhizoglomus melanum, a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species associated with submerged plants in freshwater lake Avsjøen in Norway. Mycol Prog 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-015-1031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Spore-based study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of semiarid sandy areas in Hungary, with Diversispora jakucsiae sp. nov. Mycol Prog 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-014-1021-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Vági P, Knapp DG, Kósa A, Seress D, Horváth ÁN, Kovács GM. Simultaneous specific in planta visualization of root-colonizing fungi using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). MYCORRHIZA 2014; 24:259-266. [PMID: 24221902 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-013-0533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In planta detection of mutualistic, endophytic, and pathogenic fungi commonly colonizing roots and other plant organs is not a routine task. We aimed to use fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for simultaneous specific detection of different fungi colonizing the same tissue. We have adapted ribosomal RNA (rRNA) FISH for visualization of common mycorrhizal (arbuscular- and ectomycorrhiza) and endophytic fungi within roots of different plant species. Beside general probes, we designed and used specific ones hybridizing to the large subunit of rRNA with fluorescent dyes chosen to avoid or reduce the interference with the autofluorescence of plant tissues. We report here an optimized efficient protocol of rRNA FISH and the use of both epifluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy for simultaneous specific differential detection of those fungi colonizing the same root. The method could be applied for the characterization of other plant-fungal interactions, too. In planta FISH with specific probes labeled with appropriate fluorescent dyes could be used not only in basic research but to detect plant colonizing pathogenic fungi in their latent life-period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pál Vági
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117, Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/c, Hungary
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Borriello R, Bianciotto V, Orgiazzi A, Lumini E, Bergero R. Sequencing and comparison of the mitochondrial COI gene from isolates of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi belonging to Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae families. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 75:1-10. [PMID: 24569015 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are well known for their ecological importance and their positive influence on plants. The genetics and phylogeny of this group of fungi have long been debated. Nuclear markers are the main tools used for phylogenetic analyses, but they have sometimes proved difficult to use because of their extreme variability. Therefore, the attention of researchers has been moving towards other genomic markers, in particular those from the mitochondrial DNA. In this study, 46 sequences of different AMF isolates belonging to two main clades Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae have been obtained from the mitochondrial gene coding for the Cytochrome c Oxidase I (COI), representing the largest dataset to date of AMF COI sequences. A very low level of divergence was recorded in the COI sequences from the Gigasporaceae, which could reflect either a slow rate of evolution or a more recent evolutionary divergence of this group. On the other hand, the COI sequence divergence between Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae was high, with synonymous divergence reaching saturated levels. This work also showed the difficulty in developing valuable mitochondrial markers able to effectively distinguish all Glomeromycota species, especially those belonging to Gigasporaceae, yet it represents a first step towards the development of a full mtDNA-based dataset which can be used for further phylogenetic investigations of this fungal phylum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Borriello
- Plant Protection Institute (IPP)-Turin UOS, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Valeria Bianciotto
- Plant Protection Institute (IPP)-Turin UOS, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, Turin 10125, Italy
| | - Alberto Orgiazzi
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via E. Fermi, 2749, Ispra, VA I-21027, Italy
| | - Erica Lumini
- Plant Protection Institute (IPP)-Turin UOS, National Research Council (CNR), c/o Department of Life Science and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, Turin 10125, Italy.
| | - Roberta Bergero
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Ashworth Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, United Kingdom.
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Kumar S, Beri S, Adholeya A. Congruence of ribosomal DNA sequencing, fatty acid methyl ester profiles and morphology for characterization of the genus Rhizophagus (arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus). ANN MICROBIOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-013-0601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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11
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Blaszkowski J, Chwat G, Kovács GM, Gáspár BK, Ryszka P, Orlowska E, Pagano MC, Araújo FS, Wubet T, Buscot F. Septoglomus fuscum and S. furcatum, two new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota). Mycologia 2012; 105:670-80. [PMID: 23233507 DOI: 10.3852/12-127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species, (Glomeromycota) Septoglomus fuscum and S. furcatum, are described and illustrated. Spores of S. fuscum usually occur in loose hypogeous clusters, rarely singly in soil or inside roots, and S. furcatum forms only single spores in soil. Spores of S. fuscum are brownish orange to dark brown, globose to subglobose, (20-)47(-90) μm diam, rarely ovoid, 21-50 × 23-60 μm. Their spore wall consists of a semi-persistent, semi-flexible, orange white to golden yellow, rarely hyaline, outer layer, easily separating from a laminate, smooth, brownish orange to dark brown inner layer. Spores of S. furcatum are reddish brown to dark brown, globose to subglobose, (106-) 138(-167) μm diam, rarely ovoid, 108-127 × 135-160 μm, usually with one subtending hypha that is frequently branched below the spore base, or occasionally with two subtending hyphae located close together. Spore walls consists of a semipermanent, hyaline to light orange outermost layer, a semipermanent, hyaline to golden yellow middle layer, and a laminate, smooth, reddish brown to dark brown innermost layer. None of the spore-wall layers of S. fuscum and S. furcatum stain in Melzer's reagent. In the field, S. fuscum was associated with roots of Arctotheca populifolia colonizing maritime dunes located near Strand in South Africa and S. furcatum was associated with Cordia oncocalyx growing in a dry forest in the Ceará State, Brazil. In single-species cultures with Plantago lanceolata as host plant, S. fuscum and S. furcatum formed arbuscular mycorrhizae. Phylogenetic analyses of the SSU, ITS and LSU nrDNA sequences placed the two new species in genus Septoglomus and both new taxa were separated from described Septoglomus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blaszkowski
- Department of Plant Protection, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland.
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Krüger M, Krüger C, Walker C, Stockinger H, Schüßler A. Phylogenetic reference data for systematics and phylotaxonomy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from phylum to species level. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012; 193:970-984. [PMID: 22150759 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Although the molecular phylogeny, evolution and biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are becoming clearer, phylotaxonomically reliable sequence data are still limited. To fill this gap, a data set allowing resolution and environmental tracing across all taxonomic levels is provided. Two overlapping nuclear DNA regions, totalling c. 3 kb, were analysed: the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene (up to 1800 bp) and a fragment spanning c. 250 bp of the SSU rDNA, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (c. 475-520 bp) and c. 800 bp of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene. Both DNA regions together could be analysed for 35 described species, the SSU rDNA for c. 76 named and 18 as yet undefined species, and the ITS region or LSU rDNA, or a combination of both, for c. 91 named and 16 as yet undefined species. Present phylogenetic analyses, based on the three rDNA markers, provide reliable and robust resolution from phylum to species level. Altogether, 109 named species and 27 cultures representing as yet undefined species were analysed. This study provides a reference data set for molecular systematics and environmental community analyses of AMF, including analyses based on deep sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Krüger
- Department of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Grosshaderner Street 4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Claudia Krüger
- Department of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Grosshaderner Street 4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christopher Walker
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK
| | - Herbert Stockinger
- Department of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Grosshaderner Street 4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Arthur Schüßler
- Department of Biology, Genetics, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Grosshaderner Street 4, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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Oehl F, Sieverding E, Palenzuela J, Ineichen K, Alves da Silva G. Advances in Glomeromycota taxonomy and classification. IMA Fungus 2011; 2:191-9. [PMID: 22679604 PMCID: PMC3359817 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2011.02.02.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Concomitant morphological and molecular analyses have led to major breakthroughs in the taxonomic organization of the phylum Glomeromycota. Fungi in this phylum are known to form arbuscular mycorrhiza, and so far three classes, five orders, 14 families and 29 genera have been described. Sensulato, spore formation in 10 of the arbuscular mycorrhiza-forming genera is exclusively glomoid, one is gigasporoid, seven are scutellosporoid, four are entrophosporoid, two are acaulosporoid, and one is pacisporoid. Spore bimorphism is found in three genera, and one genus is associated with cyanobacteria. Here we present the current classification developed in several recent publications and provide a summary to facilitate the identification of taxa from genus to class level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Oehl
- Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station (ART), Ecological Farming Systems, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ewald Sieverding
- Institute of Plant Production and Agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 13, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Javier Palenzuela
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Kurt Ineichen
- Basel-Zürich Plant Science Center, Institute of Botany, University of Basel, Hebelstrasse 1, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gladstone Alves da Silva
- Departamento de Micologia, CCB, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves s/n, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-420, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Blaszkowski J, Kovács GM, Gáspár BK, Balázs TK, Buscot F, Ryszka P. The arbuscular mycorrhizal Paraglomus majewskii sp. nov. represents a distinct basal lineage in Glomeromycota. Mycologia 2011; 104:148-56. [PMID: 21914831 DOI: 10.3852/10-430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Paraglomus majewskii sp. nov. (Glomeromycota) is described and illustrated. It forms single spores, which are hyaline through their life cycle, globose to subglobose, (35-)63(-78) μm diam, sometimes egg-shaped, 50-70 × 65-90 μm, and have an unusually narrow, (3.2-)4.6(-5.9) μm, cylindrical to slightly flared subtending hypha. The spore wall of P. majewskii consists of an evanescent, short-lived outermost layer, a laminate middle layer, and a flexible innermost layer, which adheres tightly to the middle layer. None of the spore wall layers stain in Melzer's reagent. In single-species cultures with Plantago lanceolata as the host plant P. majewskii formed arbuscular mycorrhizae staining violet in trypan blue. P. majewskii has been isolated from several, distant geographic regions and from different habitats. In phylogenetic analyses of partial nrDNA SSU and LSU sequences the fungus formed mono-phyletic group with Paraglomus species; however it represents a well separated distinct lineage. Its nrDNA sequences are highly similar to in planta arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal sequences from different habitats in Spain and Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Blaszkowski
- Department of Plant Protection, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
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Schnoor TK, Lekberg Y, Rosendahl S, Olsson PA. Mechanical soil disturbance as a determinant of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in semi-natural grassland. MYCORRHIZA 2011; 21:211-20. [PMID: 20593293 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-010-0325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
While the effect of disturbance on overall abundance and community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has been researched in agricultural fields, less is known about the impact in semi-natural grasslands. We sampled two AM plant species, Festuca brevipila and Plantago lanceolata, from an ongoing grassland restoration experiment that contained replicated plowed and control plots. The AM fungal community in roots was determined using nested PCR and LSU rDNA primers. We identified 38 phylotypes within the Glomeromycota, of which 29 belonged to Glomus A, six to Glomus B, and three to Diversisporaceae. Only three phylotypes were closely related to known morphospecies. Soil disturbance significantly reduced phylotype richness and changed the AM fungal community composition. Most phylotypes, even closely related ones, showed little or no overlap in their distribution and occurred in either the control or disturbed plots. We found no evidence of host preference in this system, except for one phylotype that preferentially seemed to colonize Festuca. Our results show that disturbance imposed a stronger structuring force for AM fungal communities than did host plants in this semi-natural grassland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Krone Schnoor
- Plant Ecology and Systematics, Department of Biology, Lund University, The Ecology Building, Sölvegatan 47, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.
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Sokolski S, Dalpé Y, Piché Y. Phosphate transporter genes as reliable gene markers for the identification and discrimination of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the genus glomus. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011; 77:1888-91. [PMID: 21193669 PMCID: PMC3067266 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00919-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An inorganic phosphate transporter gene sequence (852-bp section) allowed discrimination between 10 Glomus fungal species represented by 25 strains. It was particularly valuable in differentiating between morphologically similar species with nucleotide and amino acid sequence differences higher than 3%. This gene is proposed as a reliable barcode for the Glomeromycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Sokolski
- Centre d'Étude de la Forêt, Université Laval, Québec (Qc) G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Li LF, Li T, Zhang Y, Zhao ZW. Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and their distribution patterns related to host-plants and habitats in a hot and arid ecosystem, southwest China. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 71:418-27. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00815.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Msiska Z, Morton JB. Phylogenetic analysis of the Glomeromycota by partial beta-tubulin gene sequences. MYCORRHIZA 2009; 19:247-254. [PMID: 19104848 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-008-0216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The 3' end of the beta-tubulin gene was amplified from 50 isolates of 45 species in Glomeromycota. The analyses included a representative selection of all families except Pacisporaceae and Geosiphonaceae. Phylogenetic analyses excluded three intron regions at the same relative positions in all species due to sequence and length polymorphisms. The beta-tubulin gene phylogeny was similar to the 18S rRNA gene phylogeny at the family and species level, but it was not concordant at the order level. Species in Gigasporaceae and Glomeraceae grouped together but without statistical support. Paralogous sequences in Glomus species likely contributed to phylogenetic ambiguity. Trees generated using different fungal phyla as out-groups yielded a concordant topology. Family relationships within the Glomeromycota did not change regardless if the third codon position was included or excluded from the analysis. Multiple clones from three isolates of Scutellospora heterogama yielded divergent sequences. However, phylogenetic patterns suggested that only a single copy of the beta-tubulin gene was present, with variation attributed to intraspecific sequence divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zola Msiska
- West Virginia University, 1090 Agricultural Science Building, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Joseph B Morton
- West Virginia University, 1090 Agricultural Science Building, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
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Avio L, Cristani C, Strani P, Giovannetti M. Genetic and phenotypic diversity of geographically different isolates ofGlomus mosseae. Can J Microbiol 2009; 55:242-53. [DOI: 10.1139/w08-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we combined morphological taxonomy and molecular methods to investigate the intraspecific diversity of Glomus mosseae , whose global distribution has been reviewed by a survey of scientific literature and Web-available records from international germplasm collections (International Culture Collection of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and International Bank of Glomeromycota). We surveyed 186 publications reporting the occurrence of G. mosseae from at least 474 different sites from 55 countries throughout all continents, producing a geographical map of their distribution. The relationships among G. mosseae isolates originating from Europe (United Kingdom), the United States (Arizona, Florida, and Indiana), Africa (Namibia), and West Asia (Syria) were analyzed. The level of resolution of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences strongly supports the morphological species definition of G. mosseae. An ITS – restriction fragment length polymorphism assay with the enzyme HinfI yielded a unique profile for all G. mosseae isolates, allowing a straightforward identification of this morphospecies. Genetic variability among G. mosseae isolates was revealed by the inter-simple-sequence repeat (ISSR) – polymerase chain reaction: the magnitude of genetic divergence shown by the investigated geographical isolates was higher than 50%, consistent with previous data on vegetative compatibility and functional diversity. The variability of ISSR patterns suggests that intraspecific diversity is much higher than that foreseen by morphology and rDNA regions, and should be further investigated by using other genes, such as those related to functional diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Avio
- Department of Crop Plant Biology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, C. N. R, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Caterina Cristani
- Department of Crop Plant Biology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, C. N. R, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Strani
- Department of Crop Plant Biology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, C. N. R, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuela Giovannetti
- Department of Crop Plant Biology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, C. N. R, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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Kovács GM, Balázs T, Pénzes Z. Molecular study of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonizing the sporophyte of the eusporangiate rattlesnake fern (Botrychium virginianum, Ophioglossaceae). MYCORRHIZA 2007; 17:597-605. [PMID: 17566790 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-007-0137-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2007] [Accepted: 05/11/2007] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonizing the sporophytes of the eusporangiate rattlesnake fern (Botrychium virginianum, Ophioglossaceae) in its Hungarian population were investigated in the present study. Different regions of the nrRNA gene complex were analyzed using two different primer sets. These produced similar results for the detected AM fungi phylotypes. Several AM fungal lineages were associated with sporophytes of B. virginianum. Phylogenetic analyses of different partial small subunit datasets grouped one lineage into the Gigasporaceae, showing similarities with Scutellospora sequences. In addition to unidentified Scutellospora phylotypes, it is possible that S. gregaria also colonized the fern. Several AM fungal phylotypes colonizing the sporophytes grouped into Glomus group A. They did not form distinct clades but grouped with sequences of AM fungi with different geographic and host origins. One main lineage clustered into the widespread G. fasciculatum/G. intraradices group and one into the subgroup GlGrAc, while others had no affinity to the subgroups of Glomus group A. As AM fungal phylotypes associated with B. virginianum seem to belong to widespread AM fungal taxa and show no specificity to this fern, we suppose that the previously described special anatomy of AM of B. virginianum is determined by the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor M Kovács
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117,, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Tímea Balázs
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117,, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pénzes
- Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Center of Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 521, 6701,, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Ecology, University of Szeged, Egyetem utca 2, 6721,, Szeged, Hungary
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