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Yang X, Qin J, Li J, Lai Z, Li H. Upland rice intercropping with Solanum nigrum inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduces grain Cd while promoting phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124325. [PMID: 33153785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping of hyperaccumulators with crops is a promising measure to enhance phytoremediation without impeding agricultural production. A Cd-hyperaccumulator, Solanum nigrum L. (S. nigrum), was intercropped with upland rice in a pot and rhizo-box experiment with Cd-contaminated soil to evaluate the combined effects of intercropping and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and Cd accumulation. The results showed that, compared with monoculture, the combined treatments markedly decreased Cd concentration in rice parts, with the lowest Cd concentration in brown rice (reducing by 64.5%). The spatial distribution of root surface area and DTPA-Cd in the rhizo-box indicated competitive Cd uptake by neighbouring S. nigrum. Moreover, the combined treatments reduced Nramp5 expression but increased HMA3 levels in rice roots, leading to lower bioaccumulation and transfer coefficients. Additionally, fewer secreted organic acids and a higher rhizosphere pH were observed in rice. Conversely, the combined treatments promoted biomass, root length, root surface area, and decreased the rhizosphere pH in S. nigrum, thus increasing the Cd accumulation. Although the intercropping system with AMF inoculation notably reduced rice yield, the land-use efficiency was higher. These results provided insights into the role of AMF in the upland rice/S. nigrum system and demonstrated an alternative system for Cd phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Junhao Qin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiachun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenai Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huashou Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture/Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Marčiulynienė D, Marčiulynas A, Lynikienė J, Vaičiukynė M, Gedminas A, Menkis A. DNA-Metabarcoding of Belowground Fungal Communities in Bare-Root Forest Nurseries: Focus on Different Tree Species. Microorganisms 2021; 9:150. [PMID: 33440909 PMCID: PMC7827201 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of tree seedlings in forest nurseries and their use in the replanting of clear-cut forest sites is a common practice in the temperate and boreal forests of Europe. Although conifers dominate on replanted sites, in recent years, deciduous tree species have received more attention due to their often-higher resilience to abiotic and biotic stress factors. The aim of the present study was to assess the belowground fungal communities of bare-root cultivated seedlings of Alnus glutinosa , Betula pendula, Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies and Quercus robur in order to gain a better understanding of the associated fungi and oomycetes, and their potential effects on the seedling performance in forest nurseries and after outplanting. The study sites were at the seven largest bare-root forest nurseries in Lithuania. The sampling included the roots and adjacent soil of 2-3 year old healthy-looking seedlings. Following the isolation of the DNA from the individual root and soil samples, these were amplified using ITS rRNA as a marker, and subjected to high-throughput PacBio sequencing. The results showed the presence of 161,302 high-quality sequences, representing 2003 fungal and oomycete taxa. The most common fungi were Malassezia restricta (6.7% of all of the high-quality sequences), Wilcoxina mikolae (5.0%), Pustularia sp. 3993_4 (4.6%), and Fusarium oxysporum (3.5%). The most common oomycetes were Pythium ultimum var. ultimum (0.6%), Pythium heterothallicum (0.3%), Pythium spiculum (0.3%), and Pythium sylvaticum (0.2%). The coniferous tree species (P. abies and P. sylvestris) generally showed a higher richness of fungal taxa and a rather distinct fungal community composition compared to the deciduous tree species (A. glutinosa, B. pendula , and Q. robur). The results demonstrated that the seedling roots and the rhizosphere soil in forest nurseries support a high richness of fungal taxa. The seedling roots were primarily inhabited by saprotrophic and mycorrhizal fungi, while fungal pathogens and oomycetes were less abundant, showing that the cultivation practices used in forest nurseries secured both the production of high-quality planting stock and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Marčiulynienė
- Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų Str. 1, Girionys, LT-53101 Kaunas District, Lithuania; (A.M.); (J.L.); (M.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Adas Marčiulynas
- Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų Str. 1, Girionys, LT-53101 Kaunas District, Lithuania; (A.M.); (J.L.); (M.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Jūratė Lynikienė
- Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų Str. 1, Girionys, LT-53101 Kaunas District, Lithuania; (A.M.); (J.L.); (M.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Miglė Vaičiukynė
- Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų Str. 1, Girionys, LT-53101 Kaunas District, Lithuania; (A.M.); (J.L.); (M.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Artūras Gedminas
- Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Liepų Str. 1, Girionys, LT-53101 Kaunas District, Lithuania; (A.M.); (J.L.); (M.V.); (A.G.)
| | - Audrius Menkis
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7026, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden;
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Henry C, Raivoarisoa JF, Razafimamonjy A, Ramanankierana H, Andrianaivomahefa P, Ducousso M, Selosse MA. Transfer to forest nurseries significantly affects mycorrhizal community composition of Asteropeia mcphersonii wildings. MYCORRHIZA 2017; 27:321-330. [PMID: 27928691 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-016-0750-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mycorrhizal symbiosis is extremely important for tree growth, survival and resistance after transplantation particularly in Madagascar where deforestation is a major concern. The importance of mycorrhizal symbiosis is further increased when soil conditions at the planting site are limiting. To identify technical itineraries capable of improving ecological restoration in Madagascar, we needed to obtain native ectomycorrhizal (ECM) saplings with a wide diversity of ECM fungi. To this end, we transplanted ECM seedlings from the wild (wildlings) to a nursery. Using molecular characterisation of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA, we tested the effect of transplanting Asteropeia mcphersonii wildlings on ECM communities after 8 months of growth in the nursery. With or without the addition of soil from the site where the seedlings were sampled to the nursery substrate, we observed a dramatic change in the composition of fungal communities with a decrease in the ECM infection rate, a tremendous increase in the abundance of an operational taxonomic unit (OTU) taxonomically close to the order Trechisporales and the disappearance of all OTUs of Boletales. Transplanting to the nursery and/or to nursery conditions was shown to be incompatible with the survival and even less with the development in the nursery of most ECM fungi naturally associated with A. mcphersonii wildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Henry
- AgroParisTech, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier, TA10J, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jeanne-Françoise Raivoarisoa
- Ambatovy, Immeuble Tranofitaratra-7ème étage, rue Ravoninahitriniarivo-Ankorondrano, 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Angélo Razafimamonjy
- Ambatovy, Immeuble Tranofitaratra-7ème étage, rue Ravoninahitriniarivo-Ankorondrano, 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Heriniaina Ramanankierana
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie de l'environnement, Centre National de Recherches sur l'Environnement, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Paul Andrianaivomahefa
- Ambatovy, Immeuble Tranofitaratra-7ème étage, rue Ravoninahitriniarivo-Ankorondrano, 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Marc Ducousso
- CIRAD, Laboratoire des Symbioses Tropicales et Méditerranéennes, IRD/INRA/CIRAD/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier, TA10C, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | - Marc-André Selosse
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB-UMR 7205-CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP50, 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdansk, Poland
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Increased Biomass of Nursery-Grown Douglas-Fir Seedlings upon Inoculation with Diazotrophic Endophytic Consortia. FORESTS 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/f6103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Pickles BJ, Twieg BD, O'Neill GA, Mohn WW, Simard SW. Local adaptation in migrated interior Douglas-fir seedlings is mediated by ectomycorrhizas and other soil factors. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 207:858-71. [PMID: 25757098 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Separating edaphic impacts on tree distributions from those of climate and geography is notoriously difficult. Aboveground and belowground factors play important roles, and determining their relative contribution to tree success will greatly assist in refining predictive models and forestry strategies in a changing climate. In a common glasshouse, seedlings of interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) from multiple populations were grown in multiple forest soils. Fungicide was applied to half of the seedlings to separate soil fungal and nonfungal impacts on seedling performance. Soils of varying geographic and climatic distance from seed origin were compared, using a transfer function approach. Seedling height and biomass were optimized following seed transfer into drier soils, whereas survival was optimized when elevation transfer was minimised. Fungicide application reduced ectomycorrhizal root colonization by c. 50%, with treated seedlings exhibiting greater survival but reduced biomass. Local adaptation of Douglas-fir populations to soils was mediated by soil fungi to some extent in 56% of soil origin by response variable combinations. Mediation by edaphic factors in general occurred in 81% of combinations. Soil biota, hitherto unaccounted for in climate models, interacts with biogeography to influence plant ranges in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Pickles
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Brendan D Twieg
- UC Cooperative Extension, Humboldt and Del Norte Counties, Eureka, CA, 95503, USA
| | - Gregory A O'Neill
- Kalamalka Research Station, BC Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations, 3401 Reservoir Road, Vernon, BC, V1B 2C7, Canada
| | - William W Mohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Suzanne W Simard
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Dickie IA, St John MG, Yeates GW, Morse CW, Bonner KI, Orwin K, Peltzer DA. Belowground legacies of Pinus contorta invasion and removal result in multiple mechanisms of invasional meltdown. AOB PLANTS 2014; 6:plu056. [PMID: 25228312 PMCID: PMC4240229 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plu056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasions can change soil biota and nutrients in ways that drive subsequent plant communities, particularly when co-invading with belowground mutualists such as ectomycorrhizal fungi. These effects can persist following removal of the invasive plant and, combined with effects of removal per se, influence subsequent plant communities and ecosystem functioning. We used field observations and a soil bioassay with multiple plant species to determine the belowground effects and post-removal legacy caused by invasion of the non-native tree Pinus contorta into a native plant community. Pinus facilitated ectomycorrhizal infection of the co-occurring invasive tree, Pseudotsuga menziesii, but not conspecific Pinus (which always had ectomycorrhizas) nor the native pioneer Kunzea ericoides (which never had ectomycorrhizas). Pinus also caused a major shift in soil nutrient cycling as indicated by increased bacterial dominance, NO3-N (17-fold increase) and available phosphorus (3.2-fold increase) in soils, which in turn promoted increased growth of graminoids. These results parallel field observations, where Pinus removal is associated with invasion by non-native grasses and herbs, and suggest that legacies of Pinus on soil nutrient cycling thus indirectly promote invasion of other non-native plant species. Our findings demonstrate that multi-trophic belowground legacies are an important but hitherto largely unconsidered factor in plant community reassembly following invasive plant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Dickie
- Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand Bio-Protection Research Centre, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Mark G St John
- Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Canada
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Ectomycorrhizal Networks of Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Trees Facilitate Establishment of Conspecific Seedlings Under Drought. Ecosystems 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-011-9502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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