1
|
Iannuzzi A, Braun M, Genualdo V, Perucatti A, Reinartz S, Proios I, Heppelmann M, Rehage J, Hülskötter K, Beineke A, Metzger J, Distl O. Clinical, cytogenetic and molecular genetic characterization of a tandem fusion translocation in a male Holstein cattle with congenital hypospadias and a ventricular septal defect. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227117. [PMID: 31923267 PMCID: PMC6953810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypospadias, disorder of sex development (DSD), is a sporadic congenital abnormality of the genital region in male ruminants, which is characterized by a non-fused urethra during fetal development. Detailed clinical examination classified the hypospadias phenotype of a male Holstein calf studied here as the perineal type. In combined use of cytogenetic analysis and whole genome sequencing, a non-mosaic, pseudo-monosomy 59, XY + tan(18;27) was detected. This chromosomal aberration had its origin in a tandem fusion translocation of the bovine autosomes (BTA) 18 and 27 with an accompanying loss of genomic sequences mainly in the distal end of BTA 18 and the proximal end of BTA 27. The resulting phenotype included hypospadias, growth retardation and ventricular septal defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Iannuzzi
- Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Braun
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Viviana Genualdo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Perucatti
- Institute for the Animal Production System in Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Sina Reinartz
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ioannis Proios
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maike Heppelmann
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rehage
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kirsten Hülskötter
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Beineke
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Metzger
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ottmar Distl
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Y, Yu H, Pask AJ, Fujiyama A, Suzuki Y, Sugano S, Shaw G, Renfree MB. Hormone-responsive genes in the SHH and WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways influence urethral closure and phallus growth. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:806-816. [PMID: 29767687 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental endocrine disruptors (EEDs) that affect androgen or estrogen activity may disrupt gene regulation during phallus development to cause hypospadias or a masculinized clitoris. We treated developing male tammar wallabies with estrogen and females with androgen from day 20-40 postpartum (pp) during the androgen imprinting window of sensitivity. Estrogen inhibited phallus elongation but had no effect on urethral closure and did not significantly depress testicular androgen synthesis. Androgen treatment in females did not promote phallus elongation but initiated urethral closure. Phalluses were collected for transcriptome sequencing at day 50 pp when they first become sexually dimorphic to examine changes in two signaling pathways, sonic hedgehog (SHH) and wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT)/β-catenin. SHH mRNA and β-catenin were predominantly expressed in the urethral epithelium in the tammar phallus, as in eutherian mammals. Estrogen treatment and castration of males induced an upregulation of SHH, while androgen treatment downregulated SHH. These effects appear to be direct since we detected putative estrogen receptor α (ERα) and androgen receptor (AR) binding sites near SHH. WNT5A, like SHH, was downregulated by androgen, while WNT4 was upregulated in female phalluses after androgen treatment. After estrogen treatment, WIF1 and WNT7A were both downregulated in male phalluses. After castration, WNT9A was upregulated. These results suggest that SHH and WNT pathways are regulated by both estrogen and androgen to direct the proliferation and elongation of the phallus during differentiation. Their response to exogenous hormones makes these genes potential targets of EEDs in the etiology of abnormal phallus development including hypospadias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hongshi Yu
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Pask
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Asao Fujiyama
- Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumio Sugano
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Geoff Shaw
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marilyn B Renfree
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Penile Urethral Hypospadias with Two Fistulae and Diverticulum in a Saanen Kid. Case Rep Vet Med 2016; 2016:6534062. [PMID: 29955419 PMCID: PMC6005290 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6534062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypospadias is a rare congenital defect reported in most animal species and humans. This case study reports a hypospadiac case in a goat kid with urethral diverticulum diagnosed in Sudan for the first time. A 45-day-old male kid was presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology (SUST), with a history of an increasing prescrotal swelling. At presentation in the clinic the kid was bright and alert and the vital parameters were within the normal physiological range. Ultrasonography was performed to assess the integrity of the urinary system using (3.5-5) MHz curvilinear probe and it revealed normal kidneys and a distended urinary bladder. The kid was referred to surgery and two hypospadiac urinary fistulae were found. One fistula was sutured and the other was not corrected due to catheterization failure.
Collapse
|