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Mohammadzadeh L, Mahkam M, Barzegari A, Karimi A, Kafil HS, Salehi R, Rahbarghazi R. Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial properties of hybrid nanofibrous scaffolds for cutaneous tissue engineering. Hum Cell 2021; 34:1682-1696. [PMID: 34533763 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds have been widely used in tissue regeneration, the risk of bacterial infections should not be neglected. In the present work, poly-caprolactone-silk fibroin-soluble eggshell membrane-silver nanoparticles (PCL-SF-SESM-AgNPs) and caprolactone-silk fibroin-soluble eggshell membrane-chitosan (PCL-SF-SESM-CS) scaffolds were fabricated via the electrospinning method for cutaneous regeneration. The composition, morphology, hydrophilicity, and mechanical features of prepared scaffolds were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), tensile, and water contact angle tests. The existence of AgNPs in PCL/SF/SESM/AgNPs nanofibers was confirmed by UV-visible, Transmission electron microscopes (TEM), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns. Besides, cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation process of cutaneous progenitor cells, namely basal cell carcinoma (BCCs), toward keratinocyte-like cells were evaluated using MTT analysis, DAPI, Immunofluorescence imaging (IF), and Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (QRT-PCR) assay. The results indicated that prepared nanofibrous mats are appropriate candidates for cutaneous regeneration and in advanced in vivo applications could be used. Lastly, the antimicrobial potential of prepared nanofibers against microorganisms such as E. coli, S. aureus, and C. Albicans was analyzed using the disc diffusion method. Results revealed that chitosan-containing nanofibrous scaffolds indicate inhibition against S. aureus, but PCL-SF-SESM as control group not. In addition, against C. albicans any antifungal activity was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mohammadzadeh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mahkam
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Karimi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences,, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Chen HY, Zhou ZY, Luo YL, Luo Q, Fan JT. Knockdown of YKL-40 inhibits angiogenesis through regulation of VEGF/VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 signaling in endometrial cancer. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2557-2566. [PMID: 34498339 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting YKL-40 (siYKL-40) inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induces antiapoptotic abilities of endometrial cancer (EC) HEC-1A cells. However, its effect on angiogenesis is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of YKL-40 in endometrial cancer and the related molecular mechanisms. YKL-40 was knocked down by transfection with siYKL-40 and the effects on angiogenesis, cell viability, and signaling pathways were investigated. The results showed that siYKL-40 inhibited VEGFA levels and tube formation in endothelial cells. Additionally, inhibition of YKL-40 decreased the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), phosphorylated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2), and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (pERK1/2). Furthermore, a nude mice xenograft model of EC showed that siYKL-40 inhibited tumor growth. Inhibition of YKL-40 led to suppression of angiogenesis and reduction of microvessel density through VEGF/VEGFR2 and ERK1/2 signaling in endometrial cancer cells. Taken together, this study demonstrated novel molecular mechanisms for role of YKL-40 in EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Yu Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Lu Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Qin Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Tao Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Province, P. R. China
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Static and dynamic culture of human endothelial cells encapsulated inside alginate-gelatin microspheres. Microvasc Res 2021; 137:104174. [PMID: 33971187 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the angiogenesis potential of human endothelial cells encapsulated inside alginate-gelatin microspheres under static and dynamic culture systems after 7 days. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were encapsulated inside alginate (1%) and gelatin (1.2%) using an electrostatic encapsulation method. Cells were incubated for 7 days in vitro. The cell survival rate was measured using the MTT assay. The expression of VEGFR-2 and von Willebrand factor genes was studied by real-time PCR assay. Using western blot analysis, we monitored the protein contents of VEGFR-2, vWF, and Caspase 3. The levels of SOD and GPx enzymes were calculated using biochemical kits. Angiogenesis potential was assessed using in vitro Matrigel assay. Data showed an increased survival rate in encapsulated cells cultured under the static condition compared to the conventional 2D condition (p < 0.05). The culture of encapsulated cells under a dynamic bioreactor system did not alter cell viability. Compared to the dynamic culture system, the incubation of encapsulated cells in the static culture system swelled the microspheres (p < 0.05). Both dynamic and static culture models increased the expression of VEGFR-2 and von Willebrand factor in encapsulated cells compared to 2D culture (p < 0.05), showing enhanced functional maturation. Data showed a significant increase of vWF and reduction of apoptosis marker Caspase in the dynamic culture system (p < 0.05). The levels of SOD and GPx were significantly increased in dynamic and static culture models as compared to the control 2D group (p < 0.05). In vitro tubulogenesis assay showed significant induction of angiogenesis in dynamic encapsulated HUVECs indicated with a large number of vascular tubes and arborized ECs compared to the control and static encapsulated HUVECs (p < 0.05). The current study suggests a bioreactor dynamic system is a reliable approach, similar to a static condition, for the expansion of encapsulated human ECs in a 3D milieu.
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Akaberi M, Boghrati Z, Amiri MS, Khayyat MH, Emami SA. A Review of Conifers in Iran: Chemistry, Biology and their Importance in Traditional and Modern Medicine. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1584-1613. [PMID: 32003665 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200128100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cupressus sempervirens, Platycladus orientalis, Juniperus communis, J. excelsa, J. foetidissima, J. polycarpos var. turcomanica, J. sabina, and Taxus baccata are conifers in Iran. These plants have a long reputation in different systems of traditional medicines for a variety of diseases. This review aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information about the ethnopharmacological uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacology of these conifers. Furthermore this study comprises a bibliographical survey of major Islamic Traditional Medicine (ITM) books regarding different medical aspects of these species. A literature search was conducted on the applications of these conifers both in traditional and modern medicines by referencing traditional textbooks and scientific databases. Ethnobotanical literature review indicates that various parts of the plants including cones, berries, leaves, bark, wood, and resin have been used for a broad spectrum of applications. In Iran, C. sempervirens, J. sabina, J. communis, and T. baccata have been used traditionally for the treatment of urinary, digestive, nervous, respiratory, and integumentary systems-related problems. The phytochemical constituents of these plants can be divided into two main categories: volatile and non-volatile components, all dominated by terpenes. Considering the pharmacological and clinical evidence, while some of the traditional applications of these plants are supported by modern medicine, implying the value of the traditional and folklore knowledge for finding new lead compounds in drug discovery, some have remained unexamined showing the need for much more studies in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Boghrati
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad H Khayyat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed A Emami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Yousefzade O, Katsarava R, Puiggalí J. Biomimetic Hybrid Systems for Tissue Engineering. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:biomimetics5040049. [PMID: 33050136 PMCID: PMC7709492 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches appear nowadays highly promising for the regeneration of injured/diseased tissues. Biomimetic scaffolds are continuously been developed to act as structural support for cell growth and proliferation as well as for the delivery of cells able to be differentiated, and also of bioactive molecules like growth factors and even signaling cues. The current research concerns materials employed to develop biological scaffolds with improved features as well as complex preparation techniques. In this work, hybrid systems based on natural polymers are discussed and the efforts focused to provide new polymers able to mimic proteins and DNA are extensively explained. Progress on the scaffold fabrication technique is mentioned, those processes based on solution and melt electrospinning or even on their combination being mainly discussed. Selection of the appropriate hybrid technology becomes vital to get optimal architecture to reasonably accomplish the final applications. Representative examples of the recent possibilities on tissue regeneration are finally given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Yousefzade
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ramaz Katsarava
- Institute of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Agricultural University of Georgia, Kakha Bedukidze Univesity Campus, Tbilisi 0131, Georgia;
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, 08019 Barcelona, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-401-5649
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Mohammadzadeh L, Rahbarghazi R, Salehi R, Mahkam M. A novel egg-shell membrane based hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for cutaneous tissue engineering. J Biol Eng 2019; 13:79. [PMID: 31673286 PMCID: PMC6815433 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0208-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The main issue in cutaneous regeneration is to develop engineered scaffolds based on natural extracellular matrix to promote dynamics of skin progenitor cells and accelerate differentiation into mature keratinocytes. Methods In this study, nanofibrous scaffolds composed of a blend poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL), silk fibroin (SF), soluble eggshell membrane (SESM), and Aloe vera (AV) gel were developed by electrospinning method and human basal cells were used to examine differentiation capacity toward keratinocyte-like cells. For this propose, cells were allocated to four distinct groups; control, PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM, and PCL/SF/SESM/AV. In all groups, cells were incubated with differentiation medium. Morphology, composition, hydrophilicity and mechanical features of PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM and PCL/SF/SESM/AV nanofibers were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), water contact angle and tensile tests. To examine the orientation of basal cells to mature keratinocytes, we performed immunofluorescence analysis by monitoring cytokeratin-19. The expression of genes such as involucrin, keratin-14 and -5 was monitored by real-time PCR assay. Results PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM, and PCL/SF/SESM/AV had suitable physic chemical indices and biological activities to be applied as biomimetic scaffolds for the restoration cutaneous tissue. Compared to control, we found an increased basal cell proliferation at 7 and 14 days after plating on scaffolds and reach maximum levels in group PCL/SF/SESM/AV on day 14 (p < 0.05). Electron microscopy showed cell flattening, morphological adaptation. An integrated cell-to-cell connection was generated after cell seeding on scaffolds in all groups. Immunofluorescence imaging showed the ability of basal cells to synthesize cytokeratin-19 in PCL/SF, PCL/SF/SESM, and positive control cells after exposure to differentiation medium. However, these values were less in PCL/SF/SESM/AV compared to other groups. Real-time PCR analysis showed the potency of all scaffolds to induce the transcription of involucrin, keratin-14 and -5, especially involucrin in PCL/SF/SESM/AV group compared to the negative control. Conclusion Modulation of scaffolds with natural biopolymers could enable us to synthesize structures appropriate for cutaneous regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Mohammadzadeh
- 1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- 2Stem Cell research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Salehi
- 3Drug Applied Research Center and Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Mahkam
- 1Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
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Hussain MK, Saquib M, Ahamad T, Khatoon S, Khan MF. Mediterranean Cypress “Cupressus sempervirens”: A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083805666190619103224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cupressus sempervirens (C. sempervirens), commonly known as
Mediterranean cypress is native to the eastern Mediterranean region, North America and
subtropical Asia at higher altitudes. The crude, semi-purified and purified extracts of
C. sempervirens have long been recognized for its pharmacological activities as evidenced
by its extensive use by indigenous cultures in herbal medicines, tonics and infusion. Pharmacological
properties displayed the prodigious biological activities that could be further
explored for development of new herbal formulations or therapeutic agents.
Aims:
This review presents a critical analysis of the current state of knowledge about the
ethno medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of C. sempervirens L
and its future applications.
Materials and Methods:
Literature related to C. sempervirens and its synonyms were
searched on the available online literature databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed,
SciFinder, Scopus, Springer, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, Scielo and Web of Science, thesis,
dissertations, books, reports, local herbal encyclopedias and other relevant websites.
Results:
A review of literature showed that decoction of cones and young branches of C.
sempervirens gave astonishing effect in the treatment of hemorrhoids and to treat excessive
sweating in the feet. Enormous pharmacological properties have been found including antiseptic,
anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective,
wound-healing, anticoagulant, antihyperlipidemic, anticancer, neurobiological, antidiabetic,
and antiosteoporotic. Approximately 109 phytochemical constituents have been searched out
as isolates from various parts of this plant comprising mostly diterpenoids and biflavonoids.
Conclusion:
Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have provided support for the traditional
uses of C. sempervirens but further research work is required towards isolating more active
constituents and for validating its clinical utilization in the herbal formulations for humans
as well as investigating any potential toxicity for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Kamil Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur-244901, UP, India
| | - Mohammad Saquib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad-211002, UP, India
| | - Tanveer Ahamad
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Era University, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
| | - Shahnaaz Khatoon
- Department of Botany, D.N. (PG) College, Meerut-200005, UP, India
| | - Mohammad Faheem Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Era University, Lucknow-226003, UP, India
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