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Clinical validation of a next-generation sequencing-based multi-cancer early detection "liquid biopsy" blood test in over 1,000 dogs using an independent testing set: The CANcer Detection in Dogs (CANDiD) study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266623. [PMID: 35471999 PMCID: PMC9041869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death in dogs, yet there are no established screening paradigms for early detection. Liquid biopsy methods that interrogate cancer-derived genomic alterations in cell-free DNA in blood are being adopted for multi-cancer early detection in human medicine and are now available for veterinary use. The CANcer Detection in Dogs (CANDiD) study is an international, multi-center clinical study designed to validate the performance of a novel multi-cancer early detection “liquid biopsy” test developed for noninvasive detection and characterization of cancer in dogs using next-generation sequencing (NGS) of blood-derived DNA; study results are reported here. In total, 1,358 cancer-diagnosed and presumably cancer-free dogs were enrolled in the study, representing the range of breeds, weights, ages, and cancer types seen in routine clinical practice; 1,100 subjects met inclusion criteria for analysis and were used in the validation of the test. Overall, the liquid biopsy test demonstrated a 54.7% (95% CI: 49.3–60.0%) sensitivity and a 98.5% (95% CI: 97.0–99.3%) specificity. For three of the most aggressive canine cancers (lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma), the detection rate was 85.4% (95% CI: 78.4–90.9%); and for eight of the most common canine cancers (lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, mast cell tumor, mammary gland carcinoma, anal sac adenocarcinoma, malignant melanoma), the detection rate was 61.9% (95% CI: 55.3–68.1%). The test detected cancer signal in patients representing 30 distinct cancer types and provided a Cancer Signal Origin prediction for a subset of patients with hematological malignancies. Furthermore, the test accurately detected cancer signal in four presumably cancer-free subjects before the onset of clinical signs, further supporting the utility of liquid biopsy as an early detection test. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that NGS-based liquid biopsy can offer a novel option for noninvasive multi-cancer detection in dogs.
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Bonatto NCM, de Oliveira PL, Mancebo AM, Costa LR, Bosculo MRM, Bosco AM, Ciarlini PC, Floriano BP, de Barros LD, Almeida BFMD. Postprandial lipemia causes oxidative stress in dogs. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:277-286. [PMID: 33725655 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has been strongly associated with postprandial lipemia (PPL) in humans, and still requires further investigation in dogs. However, since lipemia interferes with spectrophotometric determinations such as those used to assess OS, the present study investigated the effect of PPL on OS parameters of healthy dogs. Twenty dogs had lipemic postprandial samples compared to the average of two non-lipemic moments. Subsequently, PPL was simulated in vitro using a commercial lipid emulsion and twelve pools of non-lipemic serum of these dogs were used to simulate the minimum, median and maximum concentrations of triglycerides obtained during the lipemic state. Serum OS parameters were assessed using the antioxidants uric acid, albumin and total bilirubin; total antioxidant capacity (TAC); total oxidant capacity (TOC); and lipid peroxidation. In vivo PPL caused an increase in albumin, TAC-CUPRAC, TAC-FRAP, uric acid (p < 0.0001), TOC (p = 0.0012) and total bilirubin (p = 0.0245); reduction of TAC-ABTS (p = 0.0008); and did not alter the lipid peroxidation (p = 0.8983). In vitro, levels of albumin increased at the three lipemic concentrations (p < 0.0001), uric acid increased in the median and maximum levels (p < 0.0001), and total bilirubin concentration increased only at the maximum lipemic level (p = 0.0012). All lipemic levels tested increased TAC-ABTS (p = 0.0011) and TAC-FRAP (p < 0.0001). TAC-CUPRAC (p = 0.5002), TOC (p = 0.5938) and lipid peroxidation (p = 0.4235) were not affected by in vitro lipemia. In conclusion, both the in vivo postprandial state and in vitro simulated lipemia affect oxidative stress markers in dogs depending on the oxidative stress marker, and thus the postprandial state and/or lipemic samples should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Lima de Oliveira
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Martins Mancebo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ramos Costa
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Raquel Melo Bosculo
- Roque Quagliato Veterinary Hospital, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Anelise Maria Bosco
- Department of Clinical, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo César Ciarlini
- Department of Clinical, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, College of Veterinary Medicine of Araçatuba, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Perez Floriano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Center of the Integrated Faculties of Ourinhos (Unifio), Ourinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Daniel de Barros
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Oliveira PL, Bonatto NCM, Bosculo MRM, Floriano BP, de Barros LD, Almeida BFMD. Effect of post-prandial lipemia on canine biochemical parameters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-020-03130-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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