Tsukahara K, Mayer OH. Thoracic insufficiency syndrome: Approaches to assessment and management.
Paediatr Respir Rev 2022;
44:78-84. [PMID:
35339395 PMCID:
PMC9448829 DOI:
10.1016/j.prrv.2022.02.003]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS) was described in 2003 as the inability of the thorax to support normal respiration or lung growth. TIS includes a broad and disparate group of typically degenerative thoracospinal conditions. Although TIS arises due to a heterogeneous group of disorders and thus its incidence is not well quantified, general approaches to management and treatment exist. Evolving imaging techniques and measurements of health-related quality of life augment tests of pulmonary function to quantify disease burden, longitudinally and pre- and post-intervention. Intervention is primarily via growth-sparing surgery, for which several device options exist, to preserve vertical growth prior to a definitive spinal fusion at skeletal maturity.
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