1
|
Fujimoto A, Mizuno K, Iwata Y, Yajima H, Nishida D, Komaki H, Ishiyama A, Mori-yoshimura M, Tachimori H, Kobayashi Y. Long-term Observation in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy with Early Introduction of a Standing Program Using Knee-ankle-foot Orthoses. Prog Rehabil Med 2023; 8:20230038. [PMID: 37901357 PMCID: PMC10602754 DOI: 10.2490/prm.20230038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the outcomes of the early introduction of a standing program for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods This was a retrospective observational study of 41 outpatients with DMD aged 15-20 years. We introduced the standing program using knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFO) to slow the progression of scoliosis when ankle dorsiflexion became less than 0° in the ambulatory period. Results Thirty-two patients with DMD were offered the standing program with KAFO; 12 continued the program until the age of 15 years (complete group) and 20 discontinued the program before the age of 15 years (incomplete group). The non-standing program group included 9 patients. The standing program with KAFO was significantly associated with the Cobb angle at the age of 15 years after adjustment for the duration of corticosteroid use and DMD mutation type (P=0.0004). At the age of 15 years, significant correlations were found between the ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and non-ambulatory period (P=0.0010), non-ambulatory period and Cobb angle (P<0.0001), Cobb angle and percent predicted forced vital capacity (P=0.0004), and ankle dorsiflexion ROM and Cobb angle (P=0.0066). In the complete group, the age at ambulation loss (log-rank P=0.0015), scoliosis progression (log-rank P=0.0032), and pulmonary dysfunction (log-rank P=0.0006) were significantly higher than in the non-standing program group. Conclusions The early introduction of a standing program for DMD patients may prolong the ambulation period and slow the progression of scoliosis and pulmonary dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Fujimoto
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Mizuno
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Iwata
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Hakone Hospital, Odawara, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yajima
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nishida
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Komaki
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishiyama
- Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Madoka Mori-yoshimura
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisateru Tachimori
- Endowed Course for Health System Innovation, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research and Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Kobayashi
- Department of Physical Rehabilitation, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Hakone Hospital, Odawara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen ZY, Luk KDK, Song YQ, Gao B, Cheung JPY. Proper positioning of mice for Cobb angle radiographic measurements. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:72. [PMID: 33435951 PMCID: PMC7805199 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-03949-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is no recommended standard for positioning of a mouse for radiographic assessment of the spine. This is necessary to have reproducible radiographic data and avoid false positive results. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of various postures on Cobb angle measurements and to set up a positioning standard for imaging mouse spines. Methods This study was conducted in three parts. Firstly, we identified the problem of lack of posture standardization for radiographs. We collected 77 C57BL/6 J mice for spine radiographs and found a scoliosis prevalence of 28.6% with large variations in curve magnitude. Secondly, 24 C57BL/6 J mice underwent 4 consecutive weekly radiographs and observed high variations (relative standard deviation: 125.3%) between radiographs. Thirdly, we collected another 82 C57BL/6 J mice and designed 14 different postures that could take place during imaging. These postures were related to curling of the limbs, and head, pelvic and tail tilting. Results The results showed that head and pelvic tilting significantly affects the curve magnitude with effect size (Glass’s delta) over 1.50. Avoiding these incorrect positions during radiographs is warranted. The standard recommended posture for mouse imaging entails positioning the snout, interorbital space, neck and whole spine in one line, and with the limbs placed symmetrical to the trunk, whilst avoiding stretching the body of the mouse. Conclusions Our work exemplified the importance of standard protocol during imaging when using an animal model in the scoliosis study. We recommend utilizing this standard in studying various disorders of the spine to avoid technical causes for the appearance of a curve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Professorial Block, 5th Floor, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keith Dip Kei Luk
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Professorial Block, 5th Floor, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - You Qiang Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jason Pui Yin Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Professorial Block, 5th Floor, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|