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Ojeda-Rodriguez A, Alcala-Diaz JF, Rangel-Zuñiga OA, Arenas-de Larriva AP, Gutierrez-Mariscal FM, Torres-Peña JD, Mora-Ortiz M, Romero-Cabrera JL, Luque RM, Ordovas JM, Perez-Martinez P, Delgado-Lista J, Yubero-Serrano EM, Lopez-Miranda J. Telomere Maintenance Is Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Remission in Response to a Long-Term Dietary Intervention without Non-Weight Loss in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: From the CORDIOPREV Randomized Controlled Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:125. [PMID: 38275650 PMCID: PMC10813241 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to evaluate whether telomere maintenance is associated with type 2 diabetes remission, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients without glucose-lowering treatment (183 out of 1002) from the CORDIOPREV study (NCT00924937) were randomized to consume a Mediterranean or low-fat diet. Patients were classified as Responders, those who reverted from type 2 diabetes during the 5 years of dietary intervention (n = 69), and Non-Responders, who did not achieve diabetes remission by the end of the follow-up period (n = 104). We found no differences in diabetes remission between the two diets, and we determined telomere length (TL) by measuring qPCR, telomerase activity using the TRAP assay, and direct redox balance based on the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSH) via colorimetric assay. Responders exhibited higher baseline TL in comparison with Non-Responders (p = 0.040), and a higher TL at baseline significantly predicted a higher probability of type 2 diabetes remission (OR 2.13; 95% CI, 1.03 to 4.41). After the dietary intervention, Non-Responders showed significant telomere shortening (-0.19, 95% CI -0.32 to 0.57; p = 0.005). Telomere shortening was significantly pronounced in type 2 diabetes patients with a worse profile of insulin resistance and/or beta-cell functionality: high hepatic insulin resistance fasting, a high disposition index (-0.35; 95% CI, -0.54 to -0.16; p < 0.001), and a low disposition index (-0.25; 95% CI, -0.47 to -0.01; p = 0.037). In addition, changes in TL were correlated to the GSH/GSSG ratio. Responders also showed increased telomerase activity compared with baseline (p = 0.048), from 0.16 (95% CI, 0.08 to 0.23) to 0.28 (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.40), with a more marked increase after the dietary intervention compared with Non-Responders (+0.07; 95% CI, -0.06-0.20; p = 0.049). To conclude, telomere maintenance may play a key role in the molecular mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes remission in newly diagnosed patients. However, further larger-scale prospective studies are necessary to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ojeda-Rodriguez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan F. Alcala-Diaz
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuñiga
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio P. Arenas-de Larriva
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose D. Torres-Peña
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Mora-Ortiz
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan L. Romero-Cabrera
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul M. Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jose M. Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, J.M. US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Alimentación (IMDEA-Food), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Perez-Martinez
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Delgado-Lista
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena M. Yubero-Serrano
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Lopez-Miranda
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Internal Medicine Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; (A.O.-R.); (J.F.A.-D.); (O.A.R.-Z.); (A.P.A.-d.L.); (F.M.G.-M.); (J.D.T.-P.); (M.M.-O.); (J.L.R.-C.); (P.P.-M.); (J.D.-L.); (E.M.Y.-S.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menendez Pidal, s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain;
- CIBER Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Ye Q, Apsley AT, Etzel L, Hastings WJ, Kozlosky JT, Walker C, Wolf SE, Shalev I. Telomere length and chronological age across the human lifespan: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 414 study samples including 743,019 individuals. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102031. [PMID: 37567392 PMCID: PMC10529491 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Telomere attrition is a proposed hallmark of aging. To evaluate the association of telomere length (TL) with chronological age across the human lifespan, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 414 study samples comprising 743,019 individuals aged 0-112 years. We examined both cross-sectional and longitudinal data, and evaluated the impact of various biological and methodological factors including sex, health status, tissue types, DNA extraction procedures, and TL measurement methods. The pooled corrected correlation between TL and age from cross-sectional samples was -0.19 (95%CI: -0.22 to -0.15), which weakened with increased chronological age (β = 0.003, p < 0.001). Z-score change rates of TL across the lifespan showed a gradual decrease in shortening rate until around age 50 and remained at a relatively stable rate towards the elderly period. A greater attrition rate was observed in longitudinal than cross-sectional evaluations. For TL measured in base pairs, the median change rate of TL was -23 bp/year in cross-sectional samples and -38 bp/year in longitudinal samples. Methodological factors including TL measurement methods and tissue types impacted the TL-age correlation, while sex or disease status did not. This meta-analysis revealed the non-linear shortening trend of TL across the human lifespan and provides a reference value for future studies. Results also highlight the importance of methodological considerations when using TL as an aging biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaofeng Ye
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Abner T Apsley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Biological Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Laura Etzel
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Waylon J Hastings
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tulane University School of Medicine, LA 70112, USA.
| | - John T Kozlosky
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Cade Walker
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Sarah E Wolf
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | - Idan Shalev
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Ramírez-Sanabria M, Martínez-Magaña J, Nicolini-Sánchez H, Guzmán-Sánchez R, Genis-Mendoza AD. [Association between telomere length and cognitive impairment in older adults]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2022; 57:320-324. [PMID: 36319501 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive impairment is a transition stage between normal aging and dementia, the prevalence of last one increases with age; the damage of the functions and physical integrity, places the older adult in a greater susceptibility to get sick. Telomere length is a hallmark of aging to characterize this phenotype, as well as a biomarker that reflects the underlying state of the cell. In this work, the relative length of telomeres in older adults with cognitive impairment was correlated. MATERIAL AND METHODS Observational-analytical study, in samples of adult patients older than 65 years with and without cognitive impairment, in whom the relative length of telomeres was measured. RESULTS Ninety samples of older adults were included in the study and in the association analysis according to multivariate logistic models, cognitive impairment showed almost five times more risk for telomere shortening in relation to the presence of the diagnosis of cognitive impairment (Odds ratio 4.88, p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS When correlating the relative length of telomeres in older adults diagnosed with cognitive impairment, this association was confirmed for shorter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Ramírez-Sanabria
- Alta Especialidad en Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- Laboratorio de Genómica de Enfermedades Psiquiátricas y Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Humberto Nicolini-Sánchez
- Alta Especialidad en Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rafael Guzmán-Sánchez
- Alta Especialidad en Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Innfantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Servicios de Atención Psiquiétrica, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México.
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Tajada M, Dieste-Pérez P, Sanz-Arenal A, Pérez-Roncero G, López-Baena MT, Pérez-López FR. Leukocyte telomere length in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gynecol Endocrinol 2022; 38:391-397. [PMID: 35254177 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2022.2047922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the telomere length and the telomerase activity in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS Relevant studies were searched from PubMed, Embase, and LILACS online databases and manual screening. The mean differences (MDs) or standardized MDs (SMDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and heterogeneity with the I2 and Tau2 statistics. RESULTS Six studies including 2109 non-pregnant women with (n = 1155) or without (n = 954) PCOS assessed leukocyte telomere length. There was a non-significant leukocyte telomere length difference (SMD = 0.25, 95% CI: -0.01, 0.51, p = .06, I2 = 81%, Tau2 = 0.08) comparing PCOS patients with the control group. Studied PCOS women were younger (MD = -1.39, 95% CI: -2.47, -0.31 years, I2 = 83%), and had higher body mass index (BMI; MD = 3.66, 95% CI: 2.11, 5.20 kg/m2, I2 = 94%). There were significantly higher testosterone (SMD = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.65, 1.10) and luteinizing hormone levels (SMD = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.12, 1.08) in women with PCOS as compared to controls. There was a low risk of bias and there were not sufficient studies to meta-analyze other cell types. CONCLUSIONS Leukocyte telomere length did not differ between women with and without PCOS. Further studies with large sample sizes and including other outcomes are warranted to further substantiate the reported evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Tajada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragón Health Research Institute, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Peña Dieste-Pérez
- Aragón Health Research Institute, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Sanz-Arenal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - Faustino R Pérez-López
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragón Health Research Institute, Zaragoza, Spain
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Giha HA, Joatar FE, AlDehaini DMB, Malalla ZHA, Ali ME, Al Qarni AA. Association of obesity in T2DM with differential polymorphism of ghrelin, growth hormone secretagogue receptor-1 and telomeres maintenance genes. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022; 43:297-306. [PMID: 35446515 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2021-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although obesity and T2DM comorbidity is too frequent, the molecular basis of diabetic obesity is largely unexplained and barely investigated. MATERIALS Cross-sectional studies were conducted in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in 2013 and Kuwait in 2019. Fasting blood samples were obtained from a total of 216 T2DM patients (104 from KSA) and 193 nondiabetic subjects (93 from KSA) after their consents. Eight SNPs in 5 genes known to be associated with both obesity and T2DM, ghrelin (GHRL) and growth hormone secretagogue receptor -GHSR (KSA) and telomeres maintenance genes (Kuwait) were genotyped by rtPCR. Both patients and controls were grouped into obese and non-obese and sub-grouped into 4-BMI- grades: normal, overweight (OW), obese (OBS) and severely obese (SOBS). RESULTS Showed that the only SNP which was distinguished between all groups/subgroups in all study subjects was the ACYP2 rs6713088G/C, where the common CC genotype was under-expressed in the obese compared to non-obese diabetics (17.8% vs. 40.4%, p 0.01) and between the 4-BMI-grade (p 0.025). Interestingly the same genotype was over-expressed in obese compared to non-obese non-diabetics (50% vs. 27.6%, p 0.04). Furthermore, the GHRL (rs27647C/T), GHSR (rs509030G/C) and TERC (rs12696304G/C) MAFs were significantly low in normal BMI patients; p= 0.034, 0.008 and 0.011, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report about the molecular distinction between the obese and non-obese diabetics, it showed the association of rs6713088G/C mutant allele with diabetic obesity, while the GHRL, GHSR and TERC SNPs were differentially expressed based on the BMI-grades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder A Giha
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Faris E Joatar
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Zainab H A Malalla
- Medical Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Muhalab E Ali
- Medical Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Ali A Al Qarni
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, King Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah Medical Research Center-Estern Region, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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