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Biggs JH, Kalra M, Skinner JA, DeMartino RR. Adventitial cystic disease of the common femoral vein: an unusual cause of lower extremity swelling and review of the literature. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY CASES INNOVATIONS AND TECHNIQUES 2021; 7:610-616. [PMID: 34746527 PMCID: PMC8551497 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2021.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 61-year-old man who had presented with acute unilateral limb swelling. Computed tomography venography and duplex ultrasound demonstrated compression of the right common femoral vein by a common femoral vein adventitial cyst. Before intervention, the patient had developed an acute deep vein thrombosis of the right common femoral vein and great saphenous vein. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated concern for synovial connection. After 6 months of anticoagulation therapy, the patient underwent adventitial cyst excision with ligation of the hip joint articular connection. At 4 months postoperatively, the patient was symptom free without cyst recurrence. The findings from the present case support the synovial theory for adventitial cystic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joedd H Biggs
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Manju Kalra
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cystic adventitial disease is an extremely rare vascular disorder and is often misdiagnosed. In order to improve the knowledge and treatment of this disease, a case of venous cystic adventitial disease was reported. METHODS The whole processes about the diagnosis and treatment of one patient with venous cystic adventitial disease was retrospectively studied. RESULTS This case of venous cystic adventitial disease was diagnosed accurately by contrast-enhanced computed tomography and treated successfully by surgical resection. No complications were detected after one-year post-operative follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Surgical resection is a safe and effective method for the treatment of venous CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Facai Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Chongqing University Central Hospital (Chongqing Emergency Medical Center), Chongqing, China
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Abstract
Cystic adventitial disease (CAD) is a rare cause of unilateral intermittent claudication of unknown aetiology, which is characterized by the formation of multiple mucin-filled cysts in the adventitial layer of the arterial wall resulting in obstruction to blood flow. The disease predominantly presents in young otherwise healthy males and most commonly affects the popliteal artery (85% of cases). CAD can be diagnosed by duplex ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, or computed tomographic angiography. Surgery is the primary mode of treatment, including exarterectomy, or replacement of the affected vascular segment by venous or synthetic interposition graft. Alternatively, the cysts can be drained by percutaneous ultrasound-guided needle aspiration. We conducted a review of the literature on the aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of this uncommon condition and present the case report.
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Venous Adventitial Cystic Disease: A Review of 45 Cases Treated Since 1963. Int J Vasc Med 2016; 2016:5287697. [PMID: 27885342 PMCID: PMC5112310 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5287697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To review and identify the most accurate ways of diagnosing and treating adventitial cystic disease (ACD) of the venous system. Methods. Cases of ACD were collected through three popular medical databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, OVID, and MEDLINE. After reviewing the literature, the sites of occurrence of 323 cases of adventitial cystic disease were documented, and all cases of arterial ACD were excluded. The clinical features, treatment, and subsequent course of 45 cases of venous ACD are included in this paper. Results. After reviewing all 45 cases of venous ACD , we have confirmed that the most common vessel affected is the common femoral vein, which reproduces the most common symptom of venous ACD: asymmetric lower extremity swelling worsening over time. Conclusion. Venous ACD most commonly affects the common femoral vein. When unilateral leg swelling occurs with or without a noticeable mass, ACD should be considered. It is best confirmed with CT venography and the treatment of choice is transluminal cyst evacuation and excision.
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Kim YK, Chun HJ, Hwang JK, Kim JI, Kim SD, Park SC, Moon IS. Adventitial cystic disease of the common femoral vein presenting as deep vein thrombosis. Asian J Surg 2016; 39:178-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Del Canto Peruyera P, Vázquez MJVV, Velasco MB, Álvarez PC, Salgado AÁ, Álvarez JC, Fernández LJÁ. Cystic adventitial disease of the popliteal artery: Two case reports and a review of the literature. Vascular 2014; 23:204-10. [PMID: 24986869 DOI: 10.1177/1708538114541652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of cystic adventitial disease treated at our institution over the last year are presented. They were middle-aged and apparently healthy patients, and the symptoms begin with a sudden onset of unilateral claudication. After performing a magnetic resonance angiography, a cystic formation attached to the adventitia of the popliteal artery was identified. Both patients were treated in the same manner, with resection of the affected arterial segment and vein bypass interposition. Both remain asymptomatic after one year of follow-up in one case and six months in the other. Cystic adventitial disease is a rare entity, which presents in patients without cardiovascular risk factors, so sometimes it takes long to reach a definitive diagnosis. Concerning the different treatment options, cyst excision together with the affected arterial segment seems to offer better mid- and long-term results when compared with other treatment options such as cyst aspiration or endovascular techniques, although there are no multicenter trials evidencing the superiority of one against the others.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Del Canto Peruyera
- Department of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cabueñes Hospital, Gijón, Spain
| | | | - M Botas Velasco
- Department of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cabueñes Hospital, Gijón, Spain
| | - P Calvín Álvarez
- Department of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cabueñes Hospital, Gijón, Spain
| | - A Álvarez Salgado
- Department of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cabueñes Hospital, Gijón, Spain
| | - J Cerviño Álvarez
- Department of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cabueñes Hospital, Gijón, Spain
| | - L J Álvarez Fernández
- Department of Angiology, Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Cabueñes Hospital, Gijón, Spain
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Desy NM, Spinner RJ. The etiology and management of cystic adventitial disease. J Vasc Surg 2014; 60:235-45, 245.e1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Venous Cystic Adventitial Disease Presenting as an Enlarging Groin Mass. Ann Vasc Surg 2014; 28:489.e15-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2013.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chen Y, Sun R, Shao J, Li Y, Liu C. A contemporary review of venous adventitial cystic disease and three case reports. Phlebology 2013; 30:11-6. [PMID: 24357449 DOI: 10.1177/0268355513516948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Venous adventitial cystic disease is a rare vascular disease. The objective of the study is to contemporarily review the literature of venous adventitial cystic disease and report three other new cases of adventitial cystic disease in common femoral vein. Articles published between 1947 and April 2013 were searched in OVID and PubMed databases. The search yielded only 38 reported cases of venous adventitial cystic disease. The general characteristics and disease management information of the 41 cases (including our current 3 cases) were analyzed. Venous adventitial cystic disease could develop late in life with an average age of 48.39 years (range, 5 to 77 years). Similar to arterial adventitial cystic disease, venous adventitial cystic disease was also found to have a male predominance (male to female ratio, 1.28:1). The common femoral vein was the most likely vein to be involved (65.9%, 27 cases). Right and left sides were almost equally affected. Extremity swelling (86.8%, 33 cases) was the main symptom of patients presenting with venous adventitial cystic disease. Excision of cyst wall in 30 patients (73.2%) was the main surgical procedure with a recurrence rate of 11.5%. Thirteen involved veins were resected; of which, 10 were reconstructed with prosthetic or autologous graft. No recurrence was reported in these 13 patients. Postoperatively, nine cases received an anticoagulation therapy. In conclusion, the etiology, treatment strategy, and outcomes of venous adventitial cystic disease could not be well understood in the present review due to limited numbers of cases. Studies with careful follow-up for at least up to first several months are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- YueXin Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - RuiXue Sun
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Shao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - YongJun Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - ChangWei Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Cystic Adventitial Degeneration of the Popliteal Artery. Ann Vasc Surg 2012; 26:859.e17-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2011.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 11/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jones DW, Rezayat C, Winchester P, Karwowski JK. Adventitial cystic disease of the femoral vein in a 5-year-old boy mimicking deep venous thrombosis. J Vasc Surg 2012; 55:522-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2011.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Paravastu SCV, Regi JM, Turner DR, Gaines PA. A Contemporary Review of Cystic Adventitial Disease. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2011; 46:5-14. [DOI: 10.1177/1538574411419377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cystic adventitial disease (CAD) is a rare vascular disorder, predominantly seen in young healthy men with minimal cardiovascular risk factors. Cystic adventitial disease can affect both arteries and veins. Patients with arterial CAD present with sudden onset or rapidly progressing claudication symptoms, and those with venous CAD present with limb swelling or very rarely deep vein thrombosis. Diagnosis is confirmed with the aid of imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance scan. Surgical resection or evacuation of the lesion is usually the preferred approach, with only mixed results reported for percutaneous endovascular techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath C. V. Paravastu
- Academic Vascular Unit, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - John M. Regi
- Department of Vascular Interventional Radiology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Douglas R. Turner
- Department of Vascular Interventional Radiology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | - Peter A. Gaines
- Department of Vascular Interventional Radiology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
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Johnson JM, Kiankhooy A, Bertges DJ, Morris CS. Percutaneous Image-Guided Aspiration and Sclerosis of Adventitial Cystic Disease of the Femoral Vein. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2009; 32:812-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00270-009-9581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2008] [Revised: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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