1
|
Li SQ, Wang P, Wang DM, Lu HJ, Li RF, Duan LX, Zhu S, Wang SL, Zhang YY, Wang YL. Molecular mechanism for the influence of gender dimorphism on alcoholic liver injury in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:65-81. [PMID: 29792338 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118777869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
It is known that women develop alcoholic liver injury more rapidly and have a lower alcohol toxic threshold than men. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The precise mechanism responsible for the sex difference needs to be determined. Female and male mice were given ethanol by intragastric infusion every day for 4 weeks. The pathological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin, Sirius red, oil red O, periodic acid-Schiff, and Hochest33258 staining in the liver of female and male mice. The related gene and protein expression of hepatocytes stress, proliferation and apoptosis, glycogen synthesis, lipid metabolism, and hepatic fibrosis were also systematically analyzed in the female and male mice. Livers from ethanol-treated female mice had more serious hepatocyte necrosis, liver fibrosis ( P < 0.01), substantial micro/macrovesicular steatosis ( p < 0.01), glycogen consumption ( p < 0.05), and hepatocytes apoptosis ( p < 0.05) than ethanol-treated male mice. The expression of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), HSP70, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), and phosphorylated signal transducer and activators of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) was higher in ethanol-treated male mice than ethanol-treated female mice ( P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). But, the expression of Bax (Bcl-2-associated X protein), Caspase 3, CYP2E1 (cytochrome P4502E1), and transforming growth factor βl had the contrary results. Our study suggested that ethanol treatment induced more expression of HSP27 and HSP70, faster hepatocyte proliferation, higher level of glycogen, and interleukin-6 signaling pathway activation, but less hepatocyte apoptosis and CYP2E1 expression in male mice than female mice, which could be helpful to understand the molecular mechanism for the influence of sex difference on alcoholic liver injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-Q Li
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - P Wang
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - D-M Wang
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - H-J Lu
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - R-F Li
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - L-X Duan
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - S Zhu
- 2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - S-L Wang
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-Y Zhang
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Y-L Wang
- 1 The Molecular Medicine Key Laboratory of Liver Injury and Repair, Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China.,3 Henan Bioengineering Research Center, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Risør LM, Fenger M, Olsen NV, Møller S. Hepatic erythropoietin response in cirrhosis. A contemporary review. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2016; 76:183-9. [PMID: 26919118 DOI: 10.3109/00365513.2016.1143563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The main function of erythropoietin (EPO) is to maintain red blood cell mass, but in recent years, increasing evidence has suggested a wider biological role not solely related to erythropoiesis, e.g. angiogenesis and tissue protection. EPO is produced in the liver during fetal life, but the main production shifts to the kidney after birth. The liver maintains a production capacity of up to 10% of the total EPO synthesis in healthy controls, but can be up-regulated to 90-100%. However, the hepatic EPO synthesis has been shown not to be adequate for correction of anemia in the absence of renal-derived EPO. Elevated circulating EPO has been reported in a number of diseases, but data from cirrhotic patients are sparse and the level of plasma EPO in patients with cirrhosis is controversial. Cirrhosis is characterized by liver fibrosis, hepatic dysfunction and the release of proinflammatory cytokines, which lead to arterial hypotension, hepatic nephropathy and anemia. An increase in EPO due to renal hypoperfusion, hypoxia and anemia or an EPO-mediated hepato-protective and regenerative mechanism is plausible. However, poor hepatic synthesis capacity, a decreasing co-factor level and inflammatory feedback mechanisms may explain a potential insufficient EPO response in end-stage cirrhosis. Finally, the question remains as to whether a potential increase in EPO production in certain stages of cirrhosis originates from the kidney or liver. This paper aims to review contemporary aspects of EPO relating to chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Madeleine Risør
- a Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research 260 , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen
| | - Mogens Fenger
- b Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hvidovre; Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Copenhagen
| | - Niels Vidiendal Olsen
- c Department of Neuroanaesthesia, the Neuroscience Centre , University Hospital of Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet), and ;,d Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Søren Møller
- a Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Center of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research 260 , Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hiram-Bab S, Liron T, Deshet-Unger N, Mittelman M, Gassmann M, Rauner M, Franke K, Wielockx B, Neumann D, Gabet Y. Erythropoietin directly stimulates osteoclast precursors and induces bone loss. FASEB J 2015; 29:1890-900. [PMID: 25630969 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-259085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) primarily regulates red blood cell formation, and EPO serum levels are increased on hypoxic stress (e.g., anemia and altitude). In addition to anemia, recent discoveries suggest new therapeutic indications for EPO, unrelated to erythropoiesis. We investigated the skeletal role of EPO using several models of overexpression (Tg6 mice) and EPO administration (intermittent/continuous, high/low doses) in adult C57Bl6 female mice. Using microcomputed tomography, histology, and serum markers, we found that EPO induced a 32%-61% trabecular bone loss caused by increased bone resorption (+60%-88% osteoclast number) and reduced bone formation rate (-19 to -74%; P < 0.05 throughout). EPO targeted the monocytic lineage by increasing the number of bone monocytes/macrophages, preosteoclasts, and mature osteoclasts. In contrast to the attenuated bone formation in vivo, EPO treatment in vitro did not inhibit osteoblast differentiation and activity, suggesting an indirect effect of EPO on osteoblasts. However, EPO had a direct effect on preosteoclasts by stimulating osteoclastogenesis in isolated cultures (+60%) via the Jak2 and PI3K pathways. In summary, our findings demonstrate that EPO negatively regulates bone mass and thus bears significant clinical implications for the potential management of patients with endogenously or therapeutically elevated EPO levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Hiram-Bab
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tamar Liron
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Naamit Deshet-Unger
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Moshe Mittelman
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Max Gassmann
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martina Rauner
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kristin Franke
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ben Wielockx
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Drorit Neumann
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yankel Gabet
- *Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, and Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel; Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Medicine III, Dresden University Medical Center, Dresden, Germany; and Institute of Pathology, University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|