1
|
Lopez H, Botticella A, Belkhir F, Besse B, Fadel E, Mercier O, Levy A, Le Péchoux C. Postoperative radiotherapy results in 192 epithelial thymic tumours patients with 10 years of follow-up. Radiother Oncol 2024; 195:110272. [PMID: 38614283 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the prognostic factors and patterns of failure of patients consecutively treated with surgery and postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) for thymic epithelial tumours (TET). PATIENTS AND METHODS Data from 192 TET patients who were operated and received PORT at a single centre from 1990 to 2019 was retrospectively analysed. RESULTS Most patients had thymoma (77 %, B247%), were classified Masaoka-Koga stage III (35 %) or IV (32 %) and had a R0 (75 %) resection. Radiotherapy was delivered at a median dose of 50.4 Gy (range, 42-66 Gy; ≥ 60 Gy in 17 %), 63 (33 %) patients were treated by intensity-modulated radiation therapy and elective nodal radiotherapy was used for 37 %. At a median follow-up of 10.9 years, the 10-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 62 % (95 % CI: 54-70 %) and 47 % (95 % CI: 39-55 %), respectively. Locoregional recurrence (LRR) occurred in 72/192 (38 %) patients, distributed as 6 local, 45 regional and 21 both local and regional. LRR were mainly located to the pleura: 66/72 (92 %) and 16/72 (22 %; 16/192 in total, 8 %) were in-field. Distant relapse (DR) were observed in 30 patients (16 %), resulting in 10-year locoregional (LRC) and distant control rates of 58 % (95 % CI: 50-66 %) and 82 % (95 % CI: 77-88 %), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, Masaoka-Koga stage (HR [hazard ratio]: 1.9; p = 0.001), thymic carcinomas/neuroendocrine tumours (TC) (HR: 1.6; p = 0.045) and ECOG PS > 1 (HR: 1.9; p = 0.02) correlated with poorer OS. Higher Masaoka-Koga stage (HR: 2.6; p < 0.001) associated with a decreased LRC but not R1 status (HR: 1.2; p = 0.5) or WHO histology classification. TC (HR: 3.4; p < 0.001) and a younger age (HR: 2.5; p = 0.02) correlated with DR. CONCLUSION Approximately one-third of the TET in our study experienced a LRR, mainly to the pleura, and 8% in total were in-field. The place of radiotherapy should be better defined in higher risk thymoma patients within prospective randomized studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Lopez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Angela Botticella
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Farid Belkhir
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Department of Medicine, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Elie Fadel
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Department of Thoracic and Vascular Surgery and Heart-Lung Transplantation, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Marie-Lannelongue Hospital, Le Plessis Robinson, France
| | - Antonin Levy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1030, Molecular Radiotherapy, F-94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Cécile Le Péchoux
- Department of Radiation Oncology, International Center for Thoracic Cancers (CICT), Gustave Roussy, F-94805 Villejuif, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miyashita Y, Fukui E, Ishida H, Kimura T, Kanou T, Ose N, Funaki S, Shintani Y. Surgical resection of advanced intrathoracic tumors through a combination of the hemiclamshell and transmanubrial approaches. Surg Today 2024:10.1007/s00595-024-02838-6. [PMID: 38709287 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-024-02838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The hemiclamshell (HCS) approach provides a comprehensive view of the anterior mediastinum, whereas the transmanubrial osteomuscular sparing approach (TMA) allows sufficient exposure of the cervico-thoracic transition. We assessed the effectiveness and the outcomes of the combined HCS plus TMA approach to resect thoracic malignant tumors. METHODS We reviewed five patients with thoracic malignant tumors invading the thoracic outlet who underwent surgery using an HCS and TMA approach between 2018 and 2021. RESULTS The preoperative diagnosis was myxofibrosarcoma, lung cancer, thymic cancer, thymoma, and neurofibromatosis type1 in one patient each, respectively. Cardiovascular reconstruction was done on the aortic arch in two patients, on the descending aorta in one, and on the superior vena cava in one, combined with resection of the vagus nerve in three patients, of the phrenic nerve in two, and of vertebra in one, with overlap in some cases. The TMA was added because all patients required dissection of the periphery of the subclavian artery, and two had tumor extension to the neck. Macroscopic complete resection was achieved in four patients. There was no postoperative mortality. CONCLUSION The combination of the HCS and TMA approaches at the same operation provides a comprehensive view of the mediastinum, lung, and cervico-thoracic transition and allows safe access to the thoracic great vessels and subclavian vessels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudai Miyashita
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Eriko Fukui
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Ishida
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toru Kimura
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanou
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoko Ose
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Soichiro Funaki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shintani
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen X, Feng B, Xu K, Chen Y, Duan X, Jin Z, Li K, Li R, Long W, Liu X. Development and validation of a deep learning radiomics nomogram for preoperatively differentiating thymic epithelial tumor histologic subtypes. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:6804-6816. [PMID: 37148352 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and deep learning technology to develop a deep learning radiomics nomogram (DLRN) to preoperative predict risk status of patients with thymic epithelial tumors (TETs). METHODS Between October 2008 and May 2020, 257 consecutive patients with surgically and pathologically confirmed TETs were enrolled from three medical centers. We extracted deep learning features from all lesions using a transformer-based convolutional neural network and created a deep learning signature (DLS) using selector operator regression and least absolute shrinkage. The predictive capability of a DLRN incorporating clinical characteristics, subjective CT findings and DLS was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic curve. RESULTS To construct a DLS, 25 deep learning features with non-zero coefficients were selected from 116 low-risk TETs (subtypes A, AB, and B1) and 141 high-risk TETs (subtypes B2, B3, and C). The combination of subjective CT features such as infiltration and DLS demonstrated the best performance in differentiating TETs risk status. The AUCs in the training, internal validation, external validation 1 and 2 cohorts were 0.959 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.924-0.993), 0.868 (95% CI: 0.765-0.970), 0.846 (95% CI: 0.750-0.942), and 0.846 (95% CI: 0.735-0.957), respectively. The DeLong test and decision in curve analysis revealed that the DLRN was the most predictive and clinically useful model. CONCLUSIONS The DLRN comprised of CECT-derived DLS and subjective CT findings showed a high performance in predicting risk status of patients with TETs. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Accurate risk status assessment of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs) may aid in determining whether preoperative neoadjuvant treatment is necessary. A deep learning radiomics nomogram incorporating enhancement CT-based deep learning features, clinical characteristics, and subjective CT findings has the potential to predict the histologic subtypes of TETs, which can facilitate decision-making and personalized therapy in clinical practice. KEY POINTS • A non-invasive diagnostic method that can predict the pathological risk status may be useful for pretreatment stratification and prognostic evaluation in TET patients. • DLRN demonstrated superior performance in differentiating the risk status of TETs when compared to the deep learning signature, radiomics signature, or clinical model. • The DeLong test and decision in curve analysis revealed that the DLRN was the most predictive and clinically useful in differentiating the risk status of TETs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmeng Chen
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, 529030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao Feng
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, 529030, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of Biomedicine, Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuncai Xu
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of Biomedicine, Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yehang Chen
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence of Biomedicine, Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, Guangxi Province, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobei Duan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, 529030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifa Jin
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, 529030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunwei Li
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronggang Li
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, 529030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wansheng Long
- Department of Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, 529030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueguo Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518107, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng XL, Wang SZ, Chen HH, Huang YX, Xin YK, Zhang T, Cheng DL, Mao L, Li XL, Liu CX, Hu YC, Wang W, Cui GB, Nan HY. Optimizing the radiomics-machine-learning model based on non-contrast enhanced CT for the simplified risk categorization of thymic epithelial tumors: A large cohort retrospective study. Lung Cancer 2022; 166:150-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Shen C, Li J, Li J, Che G. Robot-assisted thoracic surgery versus video-assisted thoracic surgery for treatment of patients with thymoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Thorac Cancer 2021; 13:151-161. [PMID: 34806328 PMCID: PMC8758429 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Surgical resection of the thymus is indicated in the presence of primary thymic diseases such as thymoma. Video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and robot‐assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) offer a minimally invasive approach to thymectomy. However, there is no clear conclusion whether RATS can achieve an equal or even better surgical effect when compared with VATS in treatment of thymoma. We performed this meta‐analysis to explore and compare the outcomes of RATS versus VATS for thymectomy in patients with thymoma. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Medline, and Web of Science databases were searched for full‐text literature citations. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and the data analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software. Fixed or random effect models were applied according to heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was conducted. Results A total of 11 studies with 1418 patients, of whom 688 patients were in the RATS group and 730 in the VATS group, were involved in the analysis. Compared with VATS, RATS was associated with less blood loss in operation, lower volume of drainage, fewer postoperative pleural drainage days, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and fewer postoperative complications. There was no significant difference in operative time and patients with or without myasthenia gravis between the two groups. Conclusions RATS has more advantages over VATS, indicating that RATS is better than VATS in terms of postoperative recovery. We look forward to more large‐sample, high‐quality randomized controlled studies published in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jue Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guowei Che
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West-China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tao Z, Lu C, Gao S, Zhang P, Chen Y, Wang Y, Yang Z, Xiong K, Liu Y, Zhang P. Two types of immune infiltrating cells and six hub genes can predict the occurrence of myasthenia gravis in patients with thymoma. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5004-5016. [PMID: 34620045 PMCID: PMC8806799 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1958634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoma is the most common primary mass in anterior mediastinum. Although associated with low malignancy, it is often accompanied by myasthenia gravis resulting in poor prognosis. Due to the dual factors of tumor immune tolerance and autoimmune reaction, it is urgent to understand the immune status of MG with thymoma. In this study, RNA sequencing data were obtained from the TCGA and GEO cohorts to identify differentially expressed messenger RNAs and infiltrated immune cells. A total of 121 samples in TCGA and 43 samples in GEO were screened out. The infiltrated immune cells were identified by CIBERSORT, in which Tfh cells and activated DC cells were abnormal in thymoma patients. The differently expressed genes were performed by package LIMMA. The functional characteristics of differently expression genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG; one GO and seven KEGG pathways were both found in both TCGA and GEO cohorts. Meanwhile, 27 common differently expressed genes were obtained and were displayed by a Venn diagram. The TRRUST was used to screen the hub genes for the common 27 different genes and 6 genes were found. Then, PPI networks were constructed. Subsequently, the relationship between SCNAs of common genes and related immune cells tested by TIMER. Kaplan–Meier plots, ROC curve and Cox’s expression model for immune infiltration and hub genes were also tested. In conclusion, we found that two types of immune infiltrated cells and six hub genes can predict the occurrence of myasthenia gravis in thymoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyou Tao
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanguo Wang
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyu Yang
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai Xiong
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Cardiovascular Thoracic Surgery Department, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu Z, Yu L, Yu T, Yang XG, Zhang BX, Du X. Surgical feasibility and long-term outcome of superior vena cava replacement for advanced thymoma in patients undergoing preoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:1074-1083. [PMID: 33569912 PMCID: PMC8017250 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the long‐term outcome of superior vena cava (SVC) replacement after chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for advanced thymoma. Methods The medical information of patients with advanced thymoma who underwent thymoma resection and SVC replacement in Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2002 to 2017 were reviewed. We compared surgical outcomes, postoperative complications and long‐term prognosis in the chemoradiotherapy + surgery group (CRT + surgery group, 19 cases) and the surgery group (26 cases). Results The operation time (486.05 ± 148.01 vs. 370.77 ± 124.32 min; p = 0.007) and intraoperative blood loss (1400 ml [IQR 1125–2105 ml] vs. 855 ml [IQR 555–1682.5 ml], p = 0.036), poor wound healing (three cases [15.79%] vs. zero cases [0.0%], p = 0.036) in the CRT + surgery group were significantly higher than those of the surgery group. There was no significant difference between the CRT + surgery group and the surgery group in postoperative chest tube drainage time, hospitalization time, postoperative arrhythmia and incidence of pneumonia. Kaplan Meier analysis showed that the recurrence‐free survival (RFS) curves of the CRT + surgery group patients were better than those of the surgery group (p = 0.031). However, overall survival (OS) between the two groups was not significantly different (p = 0.069). Conclusions Thymoma resection and SVC replacement is feasible for patients undergoing preoperative induction chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for advanced thymoma. Although patients in the CRT + surgery group had a longer operation time and increased intraoperative bleeding, the RFS rate seemed to be better than that in the surgery group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Guo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Xun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|