Voltammetric Sensor for the Determination of Parathion Using an Electropolymerized Poly(Carmine) Film Electrode

A sensitive and selective voltammetric method for the detection of pyrogallol in tomato and water samples using platinum electrode modified with alizarin red S film

In contrast to the hyperactive platinum electrode, ARS modified platinum electrode presents a remarkable inertness toward adsorption and surface processes and lends it for further voltammetric applications. Measuring pyrogallol levels in samples is significant for assessing their antioxidant activity, which is crucial for understanding their potential health benefits and ability to combat oxidative stress. In addition, the excess consumption of pyrogallol can have significant negative effects on human health. A voltammetric sensor has been developed for the determination of pyrogallol using ARS modified platinum electrode. The electrode was prepared by electrodeposition of alizarin red S on a platinum electrode using cyclic voltammetry with a potential scan range of - 0.4 to 1.2 V against an Ag/AgCl quasi reference electrode for 60 cycles as optimum number of cycles. The modified electrode was characterized by CV and SEM techniques. This modified alizarin red S platinum electrode showed remarkable electrocatalytic performance and stability, resulting in a significant increase in pyrogallol oxidation current by 11.05% compared to the pyrogallol oxidative current at the unmodified platinum electrode. A well-defined oxidation peak was observed at ~ 0.40 V. The sensor exhibited a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.28 µM and a linear standard curve covering the ranges of 1.0-40 µM and 0.01-10.0 mM pyrogallol. Extensive studies were performed to evaluate possible interferences from various organic and inorganic compounds and yielded satisfactory results that confirm the selectivity of the developed sensor for pyrogallol determination. In addition, the ARS-Pt electrode provided consistently reliable results for the accurate detection of pyrogallol in water and tomato samples.

Exploiting poly(safranine) and poly(luminol) for sensing applications. A mini review

Sensor applications have captivated numerous scientists in the electroactivity field lately. Between toxic target analytes and biomolecules, many articles investigated the function of the obtained products in sensing utilization and the ability of applying the gained sensor in real sample tests. Safranine and luminol have a unique polymeric constructor combined with different nanomaterials and have been explored as sensors for different analytes through electrochemical and chemical techniques. This work presents the first review of poly(safranine) and poly(luminol) in sensor applications toward assorted analytes. An illustration for the two main types of oxidative polymerization synthetic methods for our targeted compounds has been displayed including chemical and electrochemical techniques. Furthermore, a comprehensive summary for their impressive impact as electrochemical sensors in the last few decades has been additionally introduced.

Safranine and luminol having a unique polymeric constructor combined with different nanomaterials were explored as sensors for different analytes through electrochemical and chemical techniques.

Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Parathion Based on Electropolymerization Poly(Safranine) Film Electrode

Parathion has been determined with voltammetric technique based on a novel sensor fabricated by electropolymerization of safranine on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The electrochemical behavior of poly(safranine) film electrode and its electrocatalytic activity toward parathion were studied in detail by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). All experimental parameters were optimized, and LSV was proposed for its determination. In optimal working conditions, the reduction current of parathion at this poly(safranine)-modified electrode exhibited a good linear relationship with parathion concentration in the range of3.43×10−8to3.43×10−5 molL−1. The detection limit was1.0×10−8 molL−1. The high sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor were demonstrated by its practical application for the determination of trace amounts of parathion in fruit samples.