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Xiao W, Li Y, Xiong Y, Chen Z, Li H. Fluorescence turn-on detection of human serum albumin based on the assembly of gold nanoclusters and bromocresol green. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04717-4. [PMID: 37154935 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04717-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
As the most abundant protein in plasma, human serum albumin plays a vital role in physiological processes, such as maintaining blood osmotic pressure and carrying small-molecule ligands. Since the content of albumin in the human serum can reflect the status of liver and renal function, albumin quantitation is significant in clinical diagnosis. In this work, fluorescence turn-on detection of human serum albumin (HSA) had been performed based on the assembly of gold nanoclusters and bromocresol green. Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) capped by reduced glutathione (GSH) were assembled with bromocresol green (BCG), and the assembly was used as a fluorescent probe for HSA. After BCG assembling, the fluorescence of gold nanoclusters was nearly quenched. In acidic solution, HSA can selectively bind to BCG on the assembly and recover the fluorescence of the solution. Based on this turn-on fluorescence, ratiometric HSA quantification was realized. Under optimal conditions, HSA detection by the probe possessed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.40-22.50 mg·mL-1, and the detection limit was 0.27 ± 0.04 mg·mL-1 (3σ, n = 3). Common coexisting components in serum and blood proteins did not interfere with the detection of HSA. This method has the advantages of easy manipulation and high sensitivity, and the fluorescent response is insensitive to reaction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Xiao
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensing and Intelligent Instrument, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Yaoxin Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yinan Xiong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - ZhenCheng Chen
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensing and Intelligent Instrument, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Hua Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Biomedical Sensing and Intelligent Instrument, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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Hwang C, Lee WJ, Kim SD, Park S, Kim JH. Recent Advances in Biosensor Technologies for Point-of-Care Urinalysis. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12111020. [PMID: 36421138 PMCID: PMC9688579 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human urine samples are non-invasive, readily available, and contain several components that can provide useful indicators of the health status of patients. Hence, urine is a desirable and important template to aid in the diagnosis of common clinical conditions. Conventional methods such as dipstick tests, urine culture, and urine microscopy are commonly used for urinalysis. Among them, the dipstick test is undoubtedly the most popular owing to its ease of use, low cost, and quick response. Despite these advantages, the dipstick test has limitations in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, reusability, and quantitative evaluation of diseases. Various biosensor technologies give it the potential for being developed into point-of-care (POC) applications by overcoming these limitations of the dipstick test. Here, we present a review of the biosensor technologies available to identify urine-based biomarkers that are typically detected by the dipstick test and discuss the present limitations and challenges that future development for their translation into POC applications for urinalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuljin Hwang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-June Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Su Dong Kim
- Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutics, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Park
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
- Leading Convergence of Healthcare and Medicine, Institute of Science & Technology (ALCHeMIST), Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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Yahya I, Hassan MA, Maidin NNM, Mohamed MA. SWCNT Network-FET Device for Human Serum Albumin Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:8212. [PMID: 36365910 PMCID: PMC9653970 DOI: 10.3390/s22218212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A thin film of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) network field-effect transistor (FET) was fabricated by a simple, fast, and reliable deposition method for electronic applications. This study aims to develop a method for fabricating a thin film of random SWCNTs to be used as a transducer to detect human serum albumin (HSA) in biosensor applications. The random SWCNT network was deposited using the airbrush technique. The morphology of the CNT network was examined by utilising atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), while electrical characteristics were analysed using three-terminal IV measurements. The thin film (SWCNT network) was applied as a transducer to detect human serum albumin (HSA) based on its covalent interaction with antibodies. HSA plays a significant part in the physiological functions of the human body. The surface alteration of the SWCNTs was verified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electrical current-voltage measurements validated the surface binding and HSA detection. The biosensor linearly recorded a 0.47 fg/mL limit of detection (LOD) and a high sensitivity of 3.44 μA (g/mL)-1 between 1 fg/mL and 10 pg/mL. This device can also be used to identify a genuine HSA despite interference from other biomolecules (i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA)), thus demonstrating the random SWCNT-FET immunosensor ability to quantify HSA in a complex biological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iskandar Yahya
- Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Muhamad Azuddin Hassan
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Nur Nasyifa Mohd Maidin
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ambri Mohamed
- Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
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Sudjarwo WAA, Dobler MT, Lieberzeit PA. QCM-based assay designs for human serum albumin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:731-741. [PMID: 34950982 PMCID: PMC8748353 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Solid-phase synthesis is an elegant way to create molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nano-MIPs) comprising a single binding site, i.e. mimics of antibodies. When using human serum albumin (HSA) as the template, one achieves nano-MIPs with 53 ± 19 nm diameter, while non-imprinted polymer nanoparticles (nano-NIPs) reach 191 ± 96 nm. Fluorescence assays lead to Stern-Volmer plots revealing selective binding to HSA with selectivity factors of 1.2 compared to bovine serum albumin (BSA), 1.9 for lysozyme, and 4.1 for pepsin. Direct quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) assays confirm these results: nano-MIPs bind to HSA immobilized on QCM surfaces. This opens the way for competitive QCM-based assays for HSA: adding HSA to nanoparticle solutions indeed reduces binding to the QCM surfaces in a concentration-dependent manner. They achieve a limit of detection (LoD) of 80 nM and a limit of quantification (LoQ) of 244 nM. Furthermore, the assay shows recovery rates around 100% for HSA even in the presence of competing analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wisnu Arfian A Sudjarwo
- University of Vienna, Faculty for Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Thomas Dobler
- University of Vienna, Faculty for Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter A Lieberzeit
- University of Vienna, Faculty for Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Lee CS, Kim JS, Kim TH. A chemodosimeter-modified carbon nanotube-field effect transistor: toward a highly selective and sensitive electrical sensing platform. RSC Adv 2019; 9:28414-28420. [PMID: 35529645 PMCID: PMC9071199 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04656a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a carbon nanotube-field effect transistor (CNT-FET) biosensor which first implements the chemodosimeter sensing principle in CNT nanoelectronics. We experimentally illustrate the specific molecular interplay that the cysteine-selective chemodosimeter immobilized on the CNT surface can specifically interact with cysteine, which leads to the chemical transformation of the chemodosimeter. Since the chemical transformation of the chemodosimeter can disrupt the charge distribution in the vicinity of the CNT surface, the carrier equilibrium in CNT might be altered, and manifested by the conductivity change of CNT-FET. The real-time conductance measurements show our biosensor is capable of label-free, rapid, highly selective and ultrasensitive detection of cysteine with a detection limit down to 0.45 fM. These results first verify the signaling principle competency of chemical transformation of the chemodosimeter in CNT electronic sensors. Combined with the advantages of the highly selective chemodosimeter and sensitive CNT-FET, the excellent performance of our sensor indicates its promising prospect as a valuable tool for developing highly sensitive and selective sensing platforms in practical application. The utility of the chemodosimetric sensing principle was demonstrated for the first time in electronic biosensing with CNT-FET devices.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Seuk Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University Republic of Korea +82-41-530-4722
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University Republic of Korea +82-2-3290-3183
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University Republic of Korea +82-41-530-4722
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Naghdi T, Golmohammadi H, Vosough M, Atashi M, Saeedi I, Maghsoudi MT. Lab-on-nanopaper: An optical sensing bioplatform based on curcumin embedded in bacterial nanocellulose as an albumin assay kit. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1070:104-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Huang C, Ran G, Zhao Y, Wang C, Song Q. Synthesis and application of a water-soluble phosphorescent iridium complex as turn-on sensing material for human serum albumin. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2330-2336. [PMID: 29367989 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04676f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble cyclometallated iridium complex [Ir(pq-COOH)2FDS]- (pq-COOH = 2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid, FDS = 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-bis(4-sulfophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine dianions) (abbreviated as Ir) was synthesized and its phosphorescent property was comprehensively studied. It was found that the complex exhibited strong phosphorescence, which peaked at 634 nm in neutral conditions (maximized at pH 8.0). Its phosphorescence decreased with an increase in acidity of the aqueous solution. At pH 2.0, the quenched phosphorescence could be resumed upon the addition of human serum albumin (HSA) because of the hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions between HSA and Ir. Based on this phenomenon, a "turn on" type phosphorescence probe was developed for the detection of HSA. Under optimal conditions, a wide calibration range of 1-280 nM was obtained with a limit of detection of 0.8 nM for HSA. The phosphorescence probe was successfully used for the determination of HSA in blood serum and urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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A simple and real-time sensing of human serum albumin using antibody-modified CNT-FET. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-016-1204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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