1
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Shalaby EA, Beltagi AM, Hathoot AA, Azzem MA. Simultaneous voltammetric sensing of Zn 2+, Cd 2+, and Pb 2+ using an electrodeposited Bi-Sb nanocomposite modified carbon paste electrode. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7118-7128. [PMID: 36875874 PMCID: PMC9978880 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00168g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A sensor for detecting Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions simultaneously based on the square wave anodic stripping response at a bismuth antimony (Bi-Sb) nanocomposite electrode was developed. The electrode was prepared in situ by electrodepositing bismuth and antimony on the surface of a carbon-paste electrode (CPE) while also reducing the analyte metal ions. The structure and performance of the Bi-Sb/CPE electrode were studied using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Operational conditions including the concentration of Sb and Bi, the type of electrolyte, pH, and preconcentration conditions were optimized. The linear ranges were determined to be 5-200 μg L-1 for Zn2+, 1-200 μg L-1 for Cd2+, and 1-150 μg L-1 for Pb2+ with the optimized parameters. The limits of detection were 1.46 μg L-1, 0.27 μg L-1, and 0.29 μg L-1 for Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+, respectively. Furthermore, the Bi-Sb/CPE sensor is capable of selective determination of the target metals in the presence of the common cationic and anionic interfering species (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Co2+, Cl-, SO4 2- and HCO3 -). Finally, the sensor was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ in a variety of real-world water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Shalaby
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom 32511 Egypt
| | - A M Beltagi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University Kafrelsheikh 33516 Egypt
| | - A A Hathoot
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom 32511 Egypt
| | - M Abdel Azzem
- Electrochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University Shebin El-Kom 32511 Egypt
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2
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SERS- and absorbance-based catalytic assay for determination of isocarbophos using aptamer-modified FeMOF nanozyme and in situ generated silver nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 190:4. [PMID: 36469128 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new Fe metal-organic framework-loaded liquid crystal 4-octoxybenzoic acid (FeMOF@OCTB) nanosol was synthesized using 1,3,5-phthalic acid, ferrous sulfate, and OCTB as precursors. The FeMOF@OCTB exhibits good stability and strong catalytic effect for the polyethylene glycol 400-Ag (I) indicator reaction, which was evaluated rapidly by the slope procedure. The generated silver nanoparticles have a strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect and a surface plasmon resonance absorption (Abs) peak at 420 nm. This new bimodal nanosilver indicator reaction was coupled with the isocarbophos (IPS)-aptamer (Apt) reaction. A FeMOF@OCTB nanocatalytic amplified-SERS/Abs bimodal Apt assay for IPS was established. The SERS assay can detect IPS in the concentration range 0.02-1.2 nM, with a detection limit of 0.010 nM. It has been applied to the determination of IPS in rice samples. The relative standard deviation was 4.4-5.8%, and the recovery was 97.7-104%. An Ag nanosol plasmon SERS/Abs dimode aptamer assay was fabricated for trace isocarbophos, based on highly catalysis MOF@OCTB nanoenzyme.
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3
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Clochard MC, Oral O, Wade TL, Cavani O, Castellino M, Ligiero LM, Elan T. Zinc detection in oil-polluted marine environment by stripping voltammetry with mercury-free nanoporous gold electrode. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15771. [PMID: 36131077 PMCID: PMC9492727 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20067-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of Zn(II) in oil-polluted seawater via square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SW-ASV) utilizing thin gold electrodes sputtered onto nanoporous poly(acrylic acid)-grafted-poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PAA-g-PVDF) membrane is herein reported. Prior to SW-ASV, PAA grafted nanopores demonstrated to efficiently trap Zn(II) ions at open circuit. This passive adsorption followed a Langmuir law. An affinity constant of 1.41 L \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^{-1}$$\end{document}-1 respectively. The LOD was 4.2 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^{-1}$$\end{document}-1 (3S/N). Thanks to obtained calibration, a detected Zn(II) content of 1 ppm in a raw production water from North Sea oil platform was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-C Clochard
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CNRS-CEA-Ecole Polytechnique, UMR7642, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France.
| | - O Oral
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CNRS-CEA-Ecole Polytechnique, UMR7642, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - T L Wade
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CNRS-CEA-Ecole Polytechnique, UMR7642, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - O Cavani
- Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés, CNRS-CEA-Ecole Polytechnique, UMR7642, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | - M Castellino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, C. so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Turin, Italy
| | | | - T Elan
- TotalEnergies, PERL, Lacq, 64000, Pau, France
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4
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De Vito-Francesco E, Farinelli A, Yang Q, Nagar B, Álvarez R, Merkoçi A, Knutz T, Haider A, Stach W, Ziegenbalg F, Allabashi R. An innovative autonomous robotic system for on-site detection of heavy metal pollution plumes in surface water. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:122. [PMID: 35075508 PMCID: PMC8786775 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09738-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Smart monitoring has been studied and developed in recent years to create faster, cheaper, and more user-friendly on-site methods. The present study describes an innovative technology for investigative monitoring of heavy metal pollution (Cu and Pb) in surface water. It is composed of an autonomous surface vehicle capable of semiautonomous driving and equipped with a microfluidic device for detection of heavy metals. Detection is based on the method of square wave anodic stripping voltammetry using carbon-based screen-printed electrodes (SPEs). The focus of this work was to validate the ability of the integrated system to perform on-site detection of heavy metal pollution plumes in river catchments. This scenario was simulated in laboratory experiments. The main performance characteristics of the system, which was evaluated based on ISO 15839 were measurement bias (Pb 75%, Cu 65%), reproducibility (in terms of relative standard deviation: Pb 11-18%, Cu 6-10%) and the limit of detection (4 µg/L for Pb and 7 µg/L for Cu). The lowest detectable change (LDC), which is an important performance characteristic for this application, was estimated to be 4-5 µg/L for Pb and 6-7 µg/L for Cu. The life span of an SPE averaged 39 measurements per day, which is considered sufficient for intended monitoring campaigns. This work demonstrated the suitability of the integrated system for on-site detection of Pb and Cu emissions from large and medium urban areas discharging into small water bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta De Vito-Francesco
- Department of Water, Atmosphere, and Environment, Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Alessandro Farinelli
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Ca Vignal 2, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Qiuyue Yang
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), UAB Campus, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Plaça Cívica, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Bhawna Nagar
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), UAB Campus, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry (LEPA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis, Rue de l'Industrie 17, 440, 1951, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Ruslan Álvarez
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), UAB Campus, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), UAB Campus, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thorsten Knutz
- Go Systemelektronik GmbH, Falunerweg 1, 24109, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Stach
- Department of Water, Atmosphere, and Environment, Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Falko Ziegenbalg
- Department of Water, Atmosphere, and Environment, Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roza Allabashi
- Department of Water, Atmosphere, and Environment, Institute of Sanitary Engineering and Water Pollution Control, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Yang Q, Nagar B, Alvarez-Diduk R, Balsells M, Farinelli A, Bloisi D, Proia L, Espinosa C, Ordeix M, Knutz T, De Vito-Francesco E, Allabashi R, Merkoçi A. Development of a Heavy Metal Sensing Boat for Automatic Analysis in Natural Waters Utilizing Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. ACS ES&T WATER 2021; 1:2470-2476. [PMID: 34918010 PMCID: PMC8669633 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.1c00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Determination of the levels of heavy metal ions would support assessment of sources and pathways of water pollution. However, traditional spatial assessment by manual sampling and off-site detection in the laboratory is expensive and time-consuming and requires trained personnel. Aiming to fill the gap between on-site automatic approaches and laboratory techniques, we developed an autonomous sensing boat for on-site heavy metal detection using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry. A fluidic sensing system was developed to integrate into the boat as the critical sensing component and could detect ≤1 μg/L Pb, ≤6 μg/L Cu, and ≤71 μg/L Cd simultaneously in the laboratory. Once its integration was completed, the autonomous sensing boat was tested in the field, demonstrating its ability to distinguish the highest concentration of Pb in an effluent of a galena-enriched mine compared to those at other sites in the stream (Osor Stream, Girona, Spain).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyue Yang
- Nanobioelectronics
and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat
Autònoma de Barcelona, Department
of Material Science, Campus
de la UAB, Plaça Cívica, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bhawna Nagar
- Nanobioelectronics
and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Valais Wallis,
Laboratory of Physical and Analytical Electrochemistry, Rue de l’Industrie 17, 1950 Sion, Switzerland
| | - Ruslán Alvarez-Diduk
- Nanobioelectronics
and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Balsells
- Nanobioelectronics
and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandro Farinelli
- University
of Verona, Department of Computer
Science, Ca Vignal 2,
Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Domenico Bloisi
- University
of Verona, Department of Computer
Science, Ca Vignal 2,
Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Department
of Mathematics, Computer Science, and Economics, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Proia
- BETA Technological
Center, University of Vic-Central University
of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
| | - Carmen Espinosa
- BETA Technological
Center, University of Vic-Central University
of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
- CERM, Center
for the Study of Mediterranean Rivers, University of Vic-Central University
of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08560 Manlleu, Spain
| | - Marc Ordeix
- BETA Technological
Center, University of Vic-Central University
of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
- CERM, Center
for the Study of Mediterranean Rivers, University of Vic-Central University
of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08560 Manlleu, Spain
| | - Thorsten Knutz
- Go
Systemelektronik GmbH, Falunerweg 1, D-24109 Kiel, Germany
| | - Elisabetta De Vito-Francesco
- University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute for Sanitary Engineering
and Water Pollution Control, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roza Allabashi
- University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute for Sanitary Engineering
and Water Pollution Control, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Nanobioelectronics
and Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute
of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC, and The Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís
Companys, 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
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6
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Singh RK, Lye SW, Miao J. Holistic investigation of the electrospinning parameters for high percentage of β-phase in PVDF nanofibers. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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7
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Singh RK, Lye SW, Miao J. PVDF Nanofiber Sensor for Vibration Measurement in a String. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19173739. [PMID: 31470572 PMCID: PMC6749527 DOI: 10.3390/s19173739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Flexible, self-powered and miniaturized sensors are extensively used in the areas of sports, soft robotics, health care and communication devices. Measurement of vibration is important for determining the mechanical properties of a structure, specifically the string tension in strings. In this work, a flexible, lightweight and self-powered sensor is developed and attached to a string to measure vibrations characteristics in strings. Electrospun poly(vinylidene) fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers are deposited on a flexible liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate for the development of the sensor. The electrospinning process is optimized for different needle sizes (0.34–0.84 mm) and flow rates (0.6–3 mL/h). The characterization of the sensor is done in a cantilever configuration and the test results indicate the sensor’s capability to measure the frequency and strain in the required range. The comparison of the results from the developed PVDF sensor and a commercial Laser Displacement Sensor (LDS) showed good resemblance (±0.2%) and a linear voltage profile (0.2 mV/με). The sensor, upon attachment to a racket string, is able to measure single impacts and sinusoidal vibrations. The repeatability of the results on the measurement of vibrations produced by an impact hammer and a mini shaker demonstrate an exciting new application for piezoelectric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Singh
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N3, Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Sun Woh Lye
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N3, Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jianmin Miao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Block N3, Nanyang Ave, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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8
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Jalilzadeh M, Çimen D, Özgür E, Esen C, Denizli A. Design and preparation of imprinted surface plasmon resonance (SPR) nanosensor for detection of Zn(II) ions. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1617634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Duygu Çimen
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdoğan Özgür
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Cem Esen
- Department of Chemistry, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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9
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Shu Y, Zheng N, Zheng AQ, Guo TT, Yu YL, Wang JH. Intracellular Zinc Quantification by Fluorescence Imaging with a FRET System. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4157-4163. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - An-Qi Zheng
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Ting-Ting Guo
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yong-Liang Yu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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10
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Simultaneous voltammetric determination of cadmium(II), lead(II), mercury(II), zinc(II), and copper(II) using a glassy carbon electrode modified with magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and fluorinated multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3216-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Wang N, Kanhere E, Tao K, Hu L, Wu J, Miao J, Triantafyllou MS. Investigation of a Thin‐Film Quasi‐Reference Electrode Fabricated by Combined Sputtering‐Evaporation Approach. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling (CENSAM) IRGSingapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre 1 CREATE Way 138602 Singapore
| | - Elgar Kanhere
- Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling (CENSAM) IRGSingapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre 1 CREATE Way 138602 Singapore
| | - Kai Tao
- Department of Microsystem EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University 127 West Youyi Road, Beilin District Xi'an Shaanxi 710072 China
| | - Liangxing Hu
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore
| | - Jin Wu
- School of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen University No. 135, Xingang Xi Road Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jianmin Miao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore
| | - Michael S. Triantafyllou
- Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling (CENSAM) IRGSingapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre 1 CREATE Way 138602 Singapore
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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12
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Wang N, Kanhere E, Miao J, Triantafyllou MS. Nanoparticles-Modified Chemical Sensor Fabricated on a Flexible Polymer Substrate for Cadmium(II) Detection. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10070694. [PMID: 30960619 PMCID: PMC6403681 DOI: 10.3390/polym10070694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the development of a chemical sensor which was microfabricated on top of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate. As a result of the unique material properties of LCP, the sensor showed favorable flexibility as well as operational reliability. These features demonstrate potential for integration of the sensor into automated sensing vehicles to achieve real-time detection. The sensor consists of a gold working electrode, a silver/silver chloride reference electrode, and a gold counter electrode. The working electrode of the sensor was further modified with bismuth nanoparticles and Nafion. The modified sensor exhibited a significantly enhanced sensing capability toward cadmium metal ion (Cd(II)) in comparison to the unmodified one. The effects of deposition potential and deposition time on the sensing performance of the sensor were extensively investigated through electrochemical experiments. With optimized parameters, the sensor was capable of quantifying Cd(II) in the concentration range of 0.3 to 25 µg/L. The minimum Cd(II) concentration detected by the sensor was 0.06 µg/L under quiescent deposition. The obtained results suggest that the proposed sensor has a great potential to be deployed for in-situ Cd(II) determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, 1 CREATE Way, 138602 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Elgar Kanhere
- Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, 1 CREATE Way, 138602 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Jianmin Miao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Michael S Triantafyllou
- Center for Environmental Sensing and Modeling IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Centre, 1 CREATE Way, 138602 Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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Li Y, Chen Y, Yu H, Tian L, Wang Z. Portable and smart devices for monitoring heavy metal ions integrated with nanomaterials. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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