Villarino N, Pena-Pereira F, Lavilla I, Bendicho C. Waterproof Cellulose-Based Substrates for In-Drop Plasmonic Colorimetric Sensing of Volatiles: Application to Acid-Labile Sulfide Determination in Waters.
ACS Sens 2022;
7:839-848. [PMID:
35285629 PMCID:
PMC8961881 DOI:
10.1021/acssensors.1c02585]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present work reports on the assessment of widely available waterproof cellulose-based substrates for the development of sensitive in-drop plasmonic sensing approaches. The applicability of three inexpensive substrates, namely, Whatman 1PS, polyethylene-coated filter paper, and tracing paper, as holders for microvolumes of colloidal solutions was evaluated. Waterproof cellulose-based substrates demonstrated to be highly convenient platforms for analytical purposes, as they enabled in situ generation of volatiles and syringeless drop exposure unlike conventional single-drop microextraction approaches and can behave as sample compartments for smartphone-based colorimetric sensing in an integrated way. Remarkably, large drop volumes (≥20 μL) of colloidal solutions can be employed for enrichment processes when using Whatman 1PS as holder. In addition, the stability and potential applicability of spherical, rod-shaped, and core-shell metallic NPs onto waterproof cellulose-based substrates was evaluated. In particular, Au@AgNPs showed potential for the colorimetric detection of in situ generated H2S, I2, and Br2, whereas AuNRs hold promise for I2, Br2, and Hg0 colorimetric sensing. As a proof of concept, a smartphone-based colorimetric assay for determination of acid-labile sulfide in environmental water samples was developed with the proposed approach taking advantage of the ability of Au@AgNPs for H2S sensing. The assay showed a limit of detection of 0.46 μM and a repeatability of 4.4% (N = 8), yielding satisfactory recoveries (91-107%) when applied to the analysis of environmental waters.
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