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Dong F, Yan W, Qu M, Shang X, Dong W, Lu Z, Zhang H, Du W, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Zhao T. Strand displacement-triggered FRET nanoprobe tracking TK1 mRNA in living cells for ratiometric fluorimetry of nucleic acid biomarker. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:390. [PMID: 38871953 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
A precisely designed dual-color biosensor has realized a visual assessment of thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) mRNA in both living cells and cell lysates. The oligonucleotide probe is constructed by hybridizing the antisense strand of the target and two recognition sequences, in which FAM serves as the donor and TAMRA as the acceptor. Once interacting with the target, two recognition strands are replaced, and then the antisense complementary sequence forms a more stable double-stranded structure. Due to the increasing spatial distance between two dyes, the FRET is attenuated, leading to a rapid recovery of FAM fluorescence and a reduction of TAMRA fluorescence. A discernible color response from orange to green could be observed by the naked eye, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.38 nM and 5.22 nM for spectrometer- and smartphone-based assays, respectively. The proposed ratiometric method transcends previous reports in its capacities in visualizing TK1 expression toward reliable nucleic acid biomarker analysis, which might establish a general strategy for ratiometric biosensing via strand displacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Weizhen Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Mingsheng Qu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiaofei Shang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Wuqi Dong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhengdong Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Wei Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
| | - Ruilong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Tingting Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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2
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Li X, Wang H, Qi X, Ji Y, Li F, Chen X, Li K, Li L. PCR Independent Strategy-Based Biosensors for RNA Detection. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:200. [PMID: 38667193 PMCID: PMC11048163 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
RNA is an important information and functional molecule. It can respond to the regulation of life processes and is also a key molecule in gene expression and regulation. Therefore, RNA detection technology has been widely used in many fields, especially in disease diagnosis, medical research, genetic engineering and other fields. However, the current RT-qPCR for RNA detection is complex, costly and requires the support of professional technicians, resulting in it not having great potential for rapid application in the field. PCR-free techniques are the most attractive alternative. They are a low-cost, simple operation method and do not require the support of large instruments, providing a new concept for the development of new RNA detection methods. This article reviews current PCR-free methods, overviews reported RNA biosensors based on electrochemistry, SPR, microfluidics, nanomaterials and CRISPR, and discusses their challenges and future research prospects in RNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Haoqian Wang
- Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100176, China;
| | - Xin Qi
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Yi Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Fukai Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Xiaoyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Kai Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
| | - Liang Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (X.L.); (X.Q.); (F.L.)
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Chen Z, Zeng S, Qian L. Quantitative Analysis of Mitochondrial RNA in Living Cells with a Dual-Color Imaging System. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301132. [PMID: 37127881 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Accurate quantification and dynamic expression profiling of mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA for short) are critical for illustrating their cellular functions. However, there lack methods for precise detection of mtRNA in situ due to the delivery restrictions and complicated cellular interferences. Herein, a dual-color imaging system featured with signal amplification and normalization capability for quantitative analysis of specific mtRNA is established. As a proof-of-concept example, an enzyme-free hairpin DNA cascade amplifier fine-tailored to specifically recognize mtRNA encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 (ND6) is employed as the signal output module and integrated into the biodegradable mitochondria-targeting black phosphorus nanosheet (BP-PEI-TPP) to monitor spatial-temporal dynamics of ND6 mtRNA. An internal reference module targeting β-actin mRNA is sent to the cytoplasm via BP-PEI for signal normalization, facilitating mtRNA quantification inside living cells with a degree of specificity and sensitivity as high as reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). With negligible cytotoxicity, this noninvasive "RT-qPCR mimic" can accurately indicate target mtRNA levels across different cells, providing a new strategy for precise analysis of subcellular RNAs in living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Chen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Linghui Qian
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cancer Center, & Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
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4
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Dong F, Yan W, Dong W, Shang X, Xu Y, Liu W, Wu Y, Wei W, Zhao T. DNA-enabled fluorescent-based nanosensors monitoring tumor-related RNA toward advanced cancer diagnosis: A review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1059845. [DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1059845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As a burgeoning non-invasive indicator for reproducible cancer diagnosis, tumor-related biomarkers have a wide range of applications in early cancer screening, efficacy monitoring, and prognosis predicting. Accurate and efficient biomarker determination, therefore, is of great importance to prevent cancer progression at an early stage, thus reducing the disease burden on the entire population, and facilitating advanced therapies for cancer. During the last few years, various DNA structure-based fluorescent probes have established a versatile platform for biological measurements, due to their inherent biocompatibility, excellent capacity to recognize nucleic and non-nucleic acid targets, obvious accessibility to synthesis as well as chemical modification, and the ease of interfacing with signal amplification protocols. After decades of research, DNA fluorescent probe technology for detecting tumor-related mRNAs has gradually grown to maturity, especially the advent of fluorescent nanoprobes has taken the process to a new level. Here, a systematic introduction to recent trends and advances focusing on various nanomaterials-related DNA fluorescent probes and the physicochemical properties of various involved nanomaterials (such as AuNP, GO, MnO2, SiO2, AuNR, etc.) are also presented in detail. Further, the strengths and weaknesses of existing probes were described and their progress in the detection of tumor-related mRNAs was illustrated. Also, the salient challenges were discussed later, with a few potential solutions.
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Arshad F, Nabi F, Iqbal S, Khan RH. Applications of graphene-based electrochemical and optical biosensors in early detection of cancer biomarkers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 212:112356. [PMID: 35123193 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Graphene is a one-atom-thick carbon compound, which holds promises for detecting cancer biomarkers along with its derivatives. The atom-wide graphene layer is ideal for cancer biomarker detection due to its unique physicochemical properties like increased electrical and thermal conductivity, optical transparency, and enhanced chemical and mechanical strength. The scientific aim of any biosensor is to create a smaller and portable point of care device for easy and early cancer detection; graphene is able to live up to that. Apart from tumour detection, graphene-based biosensors can diagnose many diseases, their biomarkers, and pathogens. Many existing remarkable pieces of research have proven the candidacy of nanoparticles in most cancer biomarkers detection. This article discusses the effectiveness of graphene-based biosensors in different cancer biomarker detection. This article provides a detailed review of graphene and its derivatives that can be used to detect cancer biomarkers with high specificity, sensitivity, and selectivity. We have highlighted the synthesis procedures of graphene and its products and also discussed their significant properties. Furthermore, we provided a detailed overview of the recent studies on cancer biomarker detection using graphene-based biosensors. The different paths to create and modify graphene surfaces for sensory applications have also been highlighted in each section. Finally, we concluded the review by discussing the existing challenges of these biosensors and also highlighted the steps that can be taken to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeha Arshad
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India
| | - Sana Iqbal
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India.
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6
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Liu X, Wang Y, Effah CY, Wu L, Yu F, Wei J, Mao G, Xiong Y, He L. Endocytosis and intracellular RNAs imaging of nanomaterials-based fluorescence probes. Talanta 2022; 243:123377. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Ma K, Li X, Xu B, Tian W. Label-free bioassay with graphene oxide-based fluorescent aptasensors: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1188:338859. [PMID: 34794573 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bioassays using a fluorophore and DNA aptamer have been extensively developed due to the ultrasensitivity of fluorophores and recognition ability of DNA aptamers. Conventional fluorescent aptamer-based sensors (aptasensors) require chemical labeling between the fluorophore and aptamer and is technologically impracical for various sensing and assay applications. A simple "mix and go" strategy has been introduced that uses label-free technology as a platform for sensor development. The biosensors comprise a fluorophore, a ssDNA aptamer, and eco-friendly graphene oxide (GO). In the absence of the sensor target, GO quenches the fluorescence of the fluorophore and single-strand DNA aptamer complex. When the target is added, the DNA aptamer conformationally turns into a duplex, G-quadruplexe, or other secondary structure. This structure change leads to release of GO by the fluorophore-aptamer-target complex, generating dramatic fluorescence recovery and amplification. With this sensing method, the DNA aptamer does not need to be chemically labeled. Therefore, flexible fluorophore indicators and ssDNA aptamers can be used in this label-free aptasensing strategy. In this review, we discuss various unlabeled fluorophores, including synthetic small molecular fluorophores and genetically encoded fluorescent proteins, as indicators for generating GO-based fluorescent DNA aptasensors for label-free bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- Center of AIE Research, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Xing Li
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, PR China.
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
| | - Wenjing Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, PR China
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8
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Yim Y, Shin H, Ahn SM, Min DH. Graphene oxide-based fluorescent biosensors and their biomedical applications in diagnosis and drug discovery. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9820-9833. [PMID: 34494621 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02157e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO), an oxidized derivative of graphene, has received much attention for developing novel fluorescent bioanalytic platforms due to its remarkable optical properties and biocompatibility. The reliable performance and robustness of GO-based biosensors have enabled various applications in the biomedical field including diagnosis and drug discovery. Here, recent advances in the development of GO-based fluorescent biosensors are overviewed, particularly nucleic acid detection and enzyme activity assay. In addition, practical applications in biomarker detection and high-throughput screening are also examined. Lastly, basic design principles and remaining challenges of these types of biosensors are discussed for further progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeajee Yim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hojeong Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Min Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dal-Hee Min
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Biotherapeutics Convergence Technology, Lemonex Inc., Seoul 06683, Republic of Korea
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9
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Ning Y, Wang X, Hu J, Li L, Xiao R, Lu F. Graphene-based fluorometric determination of agrD gene transcription in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus using exonuclease III-aided target recycling and DNA walker cascade amplification. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:269. [PMID: 34297210 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A graphene-based bioassay is described for the fluorometric determination of agrD gene transcription (mRNA) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This method includes exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted target recycling and DNA walker cascade amplification. Hairpin1 (HP1) consists of a capture probe (CP) and DNA walker sequence. In the absence of the target, 5'-amino modified hairpin2 (HP2) labeled with carboxyfluorescein (FAM) at its 3' terminus is covalently linked to graphene via 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) catalysis, resulting in the quenching of the FAM signal. The stem-loop structure of HP1 opens when the target is added to form partially complementary DNA/RNA hybrids. Exo III then initiates the target recycling process by cleaving the CP and DNA walker cascade reaction by automatic walking. This iterative reaction causes the FAM to dissociate from the graphene, and the fluorescence can be measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 480/514 nm. Therefore, the target can be assayed by fluorescence. This method has a linear relationship with the concentration of target within the range 1 fM to 100 pM with a detection limit of 1 fM. The developed bioassay was used to monitor biofilm formation and investigate the mechanism of drug action with satisfactory results. Schematic representation of the graphene-based fluorescent bioassay for agrD gene transcription in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by using exonuclease III-aided target recycling and DNA walker cascade amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ning
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Hu
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Experimental Center of molecular biology, The Chinese Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangguo Lu
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Jiang H, Xia Q, Liu D, Ling K. Calcium-cation-doped polydopamine-modified 2D black phosphorus nanosheets as a robust platform for sensitive and specific biomolecule sensing. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1121:1-10. [PMID: 32493583 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Many polymer decorated/modified 2D nanomaterials have been developed as enhanced drug delivery systems and photothermal theranostic nanoagents. However, few reports describe the use of these novel nanomaterials as nanoplatforms for biomolecule sensing. Herein, we used calcium-cation-doped polydopamine-modified (PDA-modified) 2D black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets (BP@PDA) as a sensing nanoplatform for the detection of nucleic acids and proteins in complex biological samples. Fluorescent-dye-labeled single-strand DNA aptamer/probes are adsorbed by the Ca2+-doped BP@PDA mediated by calcium-cation coordination. The PDA coating enhances the stability of the inner BP, provides binding sites to DNA nucleobases, and quenches fluorescence. Without any chemical conjugation, this sensing nanoplatform selectively and specifically detects protein (human thrombin, linear range: 10-25 nM, detection limit: 0.02 nM), single-strand DNA (linear range: 1-10 nM, detection limit: 0.52 nM) in 1% serum diluted samples, and senses intracellular mRNAs (C-myc, and actin) in living cells. The nanoplatform exhibits the advantages of both the 2D nanomaterial (BP) and the coating polymer (PDA), naturally enters living cells unaided by transfection agents, resists enzymatic lysis and shows high biocompatibility. This nanoplatform design contributes towards future biomolecule analytical method development based on polymer decorated/modified 2D nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Qing Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Daojun Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Kai Ling
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, China.
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11
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Yu CH, Chen GY, Xia MY, Xie Y, Chi YQ, He ZY, Zhang CL, Zhang T, Chen QM, Peng Q. Understanding the sheet size-antibacterial activity relationship of graphene oxide and the nano-bio interaction-based physical mechanisms. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 191:111009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Ning Y, Chen S, Hu J, Li L, Cheng L, Lu F. Fluorometric determination of agrA gene transcription in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a graphene oxide-based assay using strand-displacement polymerization recycling and hybridization chain reaction. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:372. [PMID: 32504215 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A graphene oxide (GO)-based fluorescent bioassay was developed to quantify agrA gene transcription (its mRNA) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This method is based on the use of Klenow fragment (KF)-assisted target recycling amplification and hybridization chain reaction (HCR). A triple complex was designed that contained a capture probe (CP), a trigger probe (TP), and a help probe (HP), which were partially complementary to one another. In the absence of the target, all the oligonucleotides labeled with carboxyfluorescein (FAM) are adsorbed onto the surface of GO by π-stacking interactions. This adsorption quenches the FAM signal. On the contrary, the target RNA causes the triple complex to disintegrate and initiates strand-displacement polymerization reaction (SDPR) and HCR in the presence of the appropriate raw materials, including the primer, KF, dNTPs, hairpin 1 (H1), and hairpin 2 (H2), generating double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) products. These dsDNA products are repelled by GO and produce strong fluorescence, measured at excitation/emission wavelengths of 480/514 nm. The fluorescent signal is greatly amplified by SYBR Green I (SGI) due to the synergistic effect of dsDNA-SGI. The target was assayed with this method at concentrations in the range 10 fM to 100 pM, and the detection limit (LOD) was 10 fM. This method also displayed good applicability in the analysis of real samples. It provides a new way of monitoring biofilm formation and studying the mechanisms of drug actions. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of the graphene oxide-based fluorescent bioassay for agrA gene transcription in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by using strand-displacement polymerization recycling and hybridization chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ning
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanquan Chen
- Department of General Education, The School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen campus), Shenzhen, 518172, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Hu
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- Experimental Center of molecular biology, The Chinese Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangguo Lu
- Department of Microbiology, The Medicine School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Yao J, Wang H, Chen M, Yang M. Recent advances in graphene-based nanomaterials: properties, toxicity and applications in chemistry, biology and medicine. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:395. [PMID: 31154528 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review (with 239 refs.) summarizes the progress that has been made in applications of graphene-based nanomaterials (such as plain graphene, graphene oxides, doped graphene oxides, graphene quantums dots) in biosensing, imaging, drug delivery and diagnosis. Following an introduction into the field, a first large section covers the toxicity of graphene and its derivatives (with subsections on bacterial toxicity and tissue toxicity). The use of graphene-based nanomaterials in sensors is reviewed next, with subsections on electrochemical, FET-based, fluorescent, chemiluminescent and colorimetric sensors and probes. The large field of imaging is treated next, with subchapters on optical, PET-based, and magnetic resonance based methods. A concluding section summarizes the current status, addresses current challenges, and gives an outlook on potential future trends. Graphical Abstract Schematic presentation of the potential applications of graphene-based materials in life science and biomedicine, emphatically reflected in some vital areas such as DNA analysis, biological monitoring, drug delivery, in vitro labelling, in vivo imaging, tumor target, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Zhang T, Zhu GY, Yu CH, Xie Y, Xia MY, Lu BY, Fei X, Peng Q. The UV absorption of graphene oxide is size-dependent: possible calibration pitfalls. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:207. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3329-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Gu H, Tang H, Xiong P, Zhou Z. Biomarkers-based Biosensing and Bioimaging with Graphene for Cancer Diagnosis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E130. [PMID: 30669634 PMCID: PMC6358776 DOI: 10.3390/nano9010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
At the onset of cancer, specific biomarkers get elevated or modified in body fluids or tissues. Early diagnosis of these biomarkers can greatly improve the survival rate or facilitate effective treatment with different modalities. Potential nanomaterial-based biosensing and bioimaging are the main techniques in nanodiagnostics because of their ultra-high selectivity and sensitivity. Emerging graphene, including two dimensional (2D) graphene films, three dimensional (3D) graphene architectures and graphene hybrids (GHs) nanostructures, are attracting increasing interests in the field of biosensing and bioimaging. Due to their remarkable optical, electronic, and thermal properties; chemical and mechanical stability; large surface area; and good biocompatibility, graphene-based nanomaterials are applicable alternatives as versatile platforms to detect biomarkers at the early stage of cancer. Moreover, currently, extensive applications of graphene-based biosensing and bioimaging has resulted in promising prospects in cancer diagnosis. We also hope this review will provide critical insights to inspire more exciting researches to address the current remaining problems in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Huiling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Ping Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Zhihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule of Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
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