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Grau J, Chabowska A, Werner J, Zgoła-Grześkowiak A, Fabjanowicz M, Jatkowska N, Chisvert A, Płotka-Wasylka J. Deep eutectic solvents with solid supports used in microextraction processes applied for endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Talanta 2024; 268:125338. [PMID: 37931567 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The determination of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has become one of the biggest challenges in Analytical Chemistry. Due to the low concentration of these compounds in different kinds of samples, it becomes necessary to employ efficient sample preparation methods and sensitive measurement techniques to achieve low limits of detection. This issue becomes even more struggling when the principles of the Green Analytical Chemistry are added to the equation, since finding an efficient sample preparation method with low damaging properties for health and environment may become laborious. Recently, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been proposed as the most promising green kind of solvents, but also with excellent analytical properties due to the possibility of custom preparation with different components to modify their polarity, viscosity or aromaticity among others. However, conventional extraction techniques using DESs as extraction solvents may not be enough to overcome challenges in analysing trace levels of EDCs. In this sense, combination of DESs with solid supports could be seen as a potential solution to this issue allowing, in different ways, to determine lower concentrations of EDCs. In that aim, the main purpose of this review is the study of the different strategies with solid supports used along with DESs to perform the determination of EDCs, comparing their advantages and drawbacks against conventional DES-based extraction methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Grau
- GICAPC Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Aneta Chabowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna Werner
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zgoła-Grześkowiak
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Fabjanowicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Jatkowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, 46100, Spain
| | - Alberto Chisvert
- GICAPC Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland; BioTechMed Center, Research Centre, Gdańsk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Rezazadeh N, Eftekhari M, Akhondi M, Aljalawee EAJ. Novel Graphene oxide-Polyethylene Glycol mono-4-nonylphenyl Ether adsorbent for solid phase extraction of Pb 2+ in blood and water samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 20:675-689. [PMID: 36406596 PMCID: PMC9672194 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-022-00807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient Graphene Oxide-Polyethylene Glycol mono-4-nonylphenyl Ether (GO-PEGPE) nanocomposite was synthesized and used for solid phase extraction of trace levels of Pb2+ in different water and blood samples. The synthesized adsorbent was then characterized by the Fourier Transform-Infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). To optimize the critical parameters including pH of samples solution, amounts of adsorbent and extraction time, the response surface methodology based on the central composite design (RSM-CCD) was used and based on the results, pH = 6.0, extraction time = 22 min and amounts of adsorbent = 15 mg were selected as the optimum conditions. The relative standard deviation based on seven replicate analysis of 2 µg L-1 Pb2+ was 5.2% and the limit of detection was 0.023 µg L-1 (n = 8). The results of adsorption isotherm investigation show that the adsorption of Pb2+ onto the GO-PEGPE nanocomposite obeyed by the Langmuir isotherm with the maximum adsorption capacity of 69.44 mg g-1. Also, based on the Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) isotherms, the adsorption of Pb2+ onto the GO-PEGPE nanocomposite is a physisorption phenomenon and the consequences of the kinetic models illustrated that the adsorption of Pb2+ followed by the pseudo second order adsorption kinetic model. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied for preconcentration of Pb2+ in different water and blood samples of turning industry workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Rezazadeh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University, P.O.Box:91775-1111, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Eftekhari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akhondi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Neyshabur, Neyshabur, Iran
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Ortega-Zamora C, González-Sálamo J, Hernández-Borges J. Deep Eutectic Solvents Application in Food Analysis. Molecules 2021; 26:6846. [PMID: 34833939 PMCID: PMC8617738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Current trends in Analytical Chemistry are focused on the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly procedures. However, and despite technological advances at the instrumental level having played a very important role in the greenness of the new methods, there is still work to be done regarding the sample preparation stage. In this sense, the implementation of new materials and solvents has been a great step towards the development of "greener" analytical methodologies. In particular, the application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has aroused great interest in recent years in this regard, as a consequence of their excellent physicochemical properties, general low toxicity, and high biodegradability if they are compared with classical organic solvents. Furthermore, the inclusion of DESs based on natural products (natural DESs, NADESs) has led to a notable increase in the popularity of this new generation of solvents in extraction techniques. This review article focuses on providing an overview of the applications and limitations of DESs in solvent-based extraction techniques for food analysis, paying especial attention to their hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature, which is one of the main factors affecting the extraction procedure, becoming even more important when such complex matrices are studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Ortega-Zamora
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
| | - Javier González-Sálamo
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Javier Hernández-Borges
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain;
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Avda. Astrofísico Fco. Sánchez, s/n., 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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