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Ferreira DCM, Inoque NIG, Tanaka AA, Dantas LMF, Muñoz RAA, da Silva IS. Lab-made CO 2 laser-engraved electrochemical sensors for ivermectin determination. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4136-4142. [PMID: 38860551 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00414k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The ivermectin (IVM), as a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug, was widely prescribed to treat COVID-19 during the pandemic, despite lacking proven efficacy in combating this disease. Therefore, it is important to establish affordable devices in laboratories with minimal infrastructure. The laser engraving technology has been revolutionary in sensor manufacturing, primarily attributed to the diversity of substrates that can be employed and the freedom it provides in creating sensor models. In this work, electrochemical sensors based on graphene were developed using the laser engraving technology for IVM sensing. Through, the studies that used the techniques of cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry, following parameter optimization, for the laser-induced graphene electrode demonstrated a mass transport governed by adsorption of the species and exhibited a linear working range of 10-100 (μmol L-1), a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.6 × 10-6 (mol L-1), a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 4.8 × 10-6 (mol L-1), and a sensitivity of 0.139 (μA μmol L-1). The developed method was successfully applied to direct analysis of pharmaceutical tablets, tap water (recovery of 94%) and synthetic urine samples (recovery between 97% and 113%). These results demonstrate the feasibility of the method for routine analyses involving environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianderson C M Ferreira
- Chemistry Technology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Nélio I G Inoque
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Auro Atsushi Tanaka
- Chemistry Technology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Luiza M F Dantas
- Chemistry Technology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo A A Muñoz
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Iranaldo S da Silva
- Chemistry Technology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil.
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Matias TA, Ramos DLO, Faria LV, de Siervo A, Richter EM, Muñoz RAA. 3D-printed electrochemical cells with laser engraving: developing portable electroanalytical devices for forensic applications. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:297. [PMID: 37460848 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
A new electrochemical device fabricated by the combination of 3D printing manufacturing and laser-generated graphene sensors is presented. Cell and electrodes were 3D printed by the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique employing acrylonitrile butadiene styrene filament (insulating material that composes the cell) and conductive filament (lab-made filament based on graphite dispersed into polylactic acid matrix) to obtain reference and auxiliary electrodes. Infrared-laser engraved graphene, also reported as laser-induced graphene (LIG), was produced by laser conversion of a polyimide substrate, which was assembled in the 3D-printed electrochemical cell that enables the analysis of low volumes (50-2000 μL). XPS analysis revealed the formation of nitrogen-doped graphene multilayers that resulted in excellent electrochemical sensing properties toward the detection of atropine (ATR), a substance that was found in beverages to facilitate sexual assault and other criminal acts. Linear range between 5 and 35 μmol L-1, detection limit of 1 μmol L-1, and adequate precision (RSD = 4.7%, n = 10) were achieved using differential-pulse voltammetry. The method was successfully applied to beverage samples with recovery values ranging from 80 to 105%. Interference studies in the presence of species commonly found in beverages confirmed satisfactory selectivity for ATR sensing. The devices proposed are useful portable analytical tools for on-site applications in the forensic scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago A Matias
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil.
| | - David L O Ramos
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Lucas V Faria
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Abner de Siervo
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, Applied Physics Department, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-859, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Richter
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A A Muñoz
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil.
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Ferreira R, Morawski FM, Pessanha EC, de Lima SLS, da Costa DS, Ribeiro GAC, Vaz J, Mouta R, Tanaka AA, Liu L, da Silva MIP, Tofanello A, Vitorino HA, da Silva AGM, Garcia MAS. Facile Gram-Scale Synthesis of NiO Nanoflowers for Highly Selective and Sensitive Electrocatalytic Detection of Hydrazine. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11978-11986. [PMID: 37033825 PMCID: PMC10077530 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The design and development of efficient and electrocatalytic sensitive nickel oxide nanomaterials have attracted attention as they are considered cost-effective, stable, and abundant electrocatalytic sensors. However, although innumerable electrocatalysts have been reported, their large-scale production with the same activity and sensitivity remains challenging. In this study, we report a simple protocol for the gram-scale synthesis of uniform NiO nanoflowers (approximately 1.75 g) via a hydrothermal method for highly selective and sensitive electrocatalytic detection of hydrazine. The resultant material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. For the production of the modified electrode, NiO nanoflowers were dispersed in Nafion and drop-cast onto the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (NiO NF/GCE). By cyclic voltammetry, it was possible to observe the excellent performance of the modified electrode toward hydrazine oxidation in alkaline media, providing an oxidation overpotential of only +0.08 V vs Ag/AgCl. In these conditions, the peak current response increased linearly with hydrazine concentration ranging from 0.99 to 98.13 μmol L-1. The electrocatalytic sensor showed a high sensitivity value of 0.10866 μA L μmol-1. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.026 and 0.0898 μmol L-1, respectively. Considering these results, NiO nanoflowers can be regarded as promising surfaces for the electrochemical determination of hydrazine, providing interesting features to explore in the electrocatalytic sensor field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayse
M. Ferreira
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila
Bacanga, 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Franciele M. Morawski
- Departamento
de Química, Universidade Federal
de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Eng. Agronômico Andrei Cristian Ferreira, s/n - Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Emanuel C. Pessanha
- Departamento
de Engenharia Química e de Materiais - DEQM, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
(PUC-Rio), R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 - Gávea, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Scarllett L. S. de Lima
- Departamento
de Engenharia Química e de Materiais - DEQM, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
(PUC-Rio), R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 - Gávea, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Diana S. da Costa
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila
Bacanga, 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Geyse A. C. Ribeiro
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila
Bacanga, 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - João Vaz
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila
Bacanga, 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Rodolpho Mouta
- Departamento
de Física, Universidade Federal do
Ceará (UFC), Av. Mister Hull, s/n − Pici, 60455-760 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Auro A. Tanaka
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila
Bacanga, 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Liying Liu
- Centro
Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud, 150 - Urca, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria I. P. da Silva
- Departamento
de Engenharia Química e de Materiais - DEQM, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
(PUC-Rio), R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 - Gávea, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aryane Tofanello
- Center for
Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Universidade
Federal do ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, - Bangú, 09210-170 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Hector A. Vitorino
- Centro
de Investigación en Biodiversidad para la Salud, Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Jirón Larrabure y Unanue 110, Lima 15108, Perú
| | - Anderson G. M. da Silva
- Departamento
de Engenharia Química e de Materiais - DEQM, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
(PUC-Rio), R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 - Gávea, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marco A. S. Garcia
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966 - Vila
Bacanga, 65080-805 São Luís, MA, Brazil
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Joshi P, Shukla S, Gupta S, Riley PR, Narayan J, Narayan R. Excimer Laser Patterned Holey Graphene Oxide Films for Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Sensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37149-37160. [PMID: 35930801 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The existence of point defects, holes, and corrugations (macroscopic defects) induces high catalytic potential in graphene and its derivatives. We report a systematic approach for microscopic and macroscopic defect density optimization in excimer laser-induced reduced graphene oxide by varying the laser energy density and pulse number to achieve a record detection limit of 7.15 nM for peroxide sensing. A quantitative estimation of point defect densities was obtained using Raman spectroscopy and confirmed with electrochemical sensing measurements. Laser annealing (LA) at 0.6 J cm-2 led to the formation of highly reduced graphene oxide (GO) by liquid-phase regrowth of molten carbon with the presence of dangling bonds, making it catalytically active. Hall-effect measurements yielded a mobility of ∼200 cm2 V-1 s-1. An additional increase in the number of pulses at 0.6 J cm-2 resulted in deoxygenation through the solid-state route, leading to the formation of holey graphene structure. The average hole size showed a hierarchical increase, with the number of pulses characterized with multiple microscopy techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The exposure of edge sites due to high hole density after 10 pulses supported the formation of proximal diffusion layers, which led to facile mass transfer and improvement in the detection limit from 25.4 mM to 7.15 nM for peroxide sensing. However, LA at 1 J cm-2 with 1 pulse resulted in a high melt lifetime of molten carbon and the formation of GO characterized by a high resistivity of 3 × 10-2 Ω-cm, which was not ideal for sensing applications. The rapid thermal annealing technique using a batch furnace to generate holey graphene results in structure with uneven hole sizes. However, holey graphene formation using the LA technique is scalable with better control over hole size and density. This study will pave the path for cost-efficient and high-performance holey graphene sensors for advanced sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Joshi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
- Intel Corporation, Rolner Acres Campus 3, Hillsboro, Oregon 97124, United States
| | - Shubhangi Shukla
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
| | - Siddharth Gupta
- Intel Corporation, Rolner Acres Campus 3, Hillsboro, Oregon 97124, United States
| | - Parand R Riley
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
| | - Jagdish Narayan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
| | - Roger Narayan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, United States
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