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Inoque NIG, Abarza Muñoz RA. Electrochemistry of chloramphenicol on laser-induced graphene electrodes and its voltammetric determination in honey. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024. [PMID: 39248289 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay01237b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Laser scribing is a promising technology for the rapid and large-scale production of low-cost electrochemical sensors from diverse substrates. Polyimide has been the most popular so far because of its low cost, flexibility and capability of generating high-quality porous graphene films, known as laser-induced graphene (LIG). Herein we report the electrochemistry of chloramphenicol (CAP) on LIG electrodes and its determination in honey samples. LIG electrodes were fabricated by the photothermal conversion of sp3 carbon within the polymeric matrix into sp2 carbon using a CO2 laser cutter. The LIG electrode associated with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed good linearity (R2 > 0.99) in the range from 10 to 160 μmol L-1 with a limit of detection of 1.0 μmol L-1 and good precision (RSD < 5%) for the electrochemical reduction of CAP species. Detection was possible free from the interference of other antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, tetracycline, sulfanilamide, and sulfamethoxazole. Spiked honey samples were analyzed by the standard-addition method and recovery values between 86 and 109% were obtained, which confirmed the absence of sample matrix effects. Therefore, the proposed sensor is an alternative, feasible, low-cost, and powerful analytical tool for the determination of CAP in honey.
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Wirojsaengthong S, Chailapakul O, Tangkijvanich P, Henry CS, Puthongkham P. Size-Dependent Electrochemistry of Laser-Induced Graphene Electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2024; 494:144452. [PMID: 38881690 PMCID: PMC11173329 DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2024.144452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes have become popular for electrochemical sensor fabrication due to their simplicity for batch production without the use of reagents. The high surface area and favorable electrocatalytic properties also enable the design of small electrochemical devices while retaining the desired electrochemical performance. In this work, we systematically investigated the effect of LIG working electrode size, from 0.8 mm to 4.0 mm diameter, on their electrochemical properties, since it has been widely assumed that the electrochemistry of LIG electrodes is independent of size above the microelectrode size regime. The background and faradaic current from cyclic voltammetry (CV) of an outer-sphere redox probe [Ru(NH3)6]3+ showed that smaller LIG electrodes had a higher electrode roughness factor and electroactive surface ratio than those of the larger electrodes. Moreover, CV of the surface-sensitive redox probes [Fe(CN)6]3- and dopamine revealed that smaller electrodes exhibited better electrocatalytic properties, with enhanced electron transfer kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the physical and chemical surface structure were different at the electrode center versus the edges, so the electrochemical properties of the smaller electrodes were improved by having rougher surface and more density of the graphitic edge planes, and more oxide-containing groups, leading to better electrochemistry. The difference could be explained by the different photothermal reaction time from the laser scribing process that causes different stable carbon morphology to form on the polymer surface. Our results give a new insight on relationships between surface structure and electrochemistry of LIG electrodes and are useful for designing miniaturized electrochemical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supacha Wirojsaengthong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
| | - Pumidech Puthongkham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Baachaoui S, Hajlaoui R, Aoun SB, Fortunelli A, Sementa L, Raouafi N. Covalent surface modification of single-layer graphene-like BC 6N nanosheets with reactive nitrenes for selective ammonia sensing via DFT modeling. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:425501. [PMID: 39025079 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad64da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Novel graphene-like nanomaterials with a non-zero bandgap are important for the design of gas sensors. The selectivity toward specific targets can be tuned by introducing appropriate functional groups on their surfaces. In this study, we use first-principles simulations, in the form of density functional theory (DFT), to investigate the covalent functionalization of a single-layer graphitized BC6N with azides to yield aziridine-functionalized adducts and explore their possible use to realize ammonia sensors. First, we determine the most favorable sites for physical adsorption and chemical reaction of methylnitrene, arising from the decomposition of methylazide, onto a BC6N monolayer. Then, we examine the thermodynamics of the [1 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of various phenylnitrenes and perfluorinated phenylnitrenes para-substituted with (R = CO2H, SO3H) groups, demonstrating favorable energetics. We also monitor the effect of the functionalization on the electronic properties of the nanosheets via density of states and band structure analyses. Finally, we test four dBC6N to gBC6N substrates in the sensing of ammonia. We show that, thanks to their hydrogen bonding capabilities, the functionalized BC6N can selectively detect ammonia, with interaction energies varying from -0.54 eV to -1.37 eV, even in presence of competing gas such as CO2and H2O, as also confirmed by analyzing the change in the electronic properties and the values of recovery times near ambient temperature. Importantly, we model the conductance of a selected substrate alone and in presence of NH3to determine its effect on the integrated current, showing that humidity and coverage conditions should be properly tuned to use HO2C-functionalized BC6N-based nanomaterials to develop selective gas sensors for ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Baachaoui
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (LR99ES15), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis El Manar 2092, Tunisia
| | - Rabiaa Hajlaoui
- Advanced Materials and Quantum Phenomena Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis El Manar 2092, Tunisia
| | - Sami Ben Aoun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, PO Box 30002, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Luca Sementa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, CNR-ICCOM & IPCF, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Noureddine Raouafi
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (LR99ES15), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis El Manar 2092, Tunisia
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Argoubi W, Algethami FK, Raouafi N. Enhanced sensitivity in electrochemical detection of ochratoxin A within food samples using ferrocene- and aptamer-tethered gold nanoparticles on disposable electrodes. RSC Adv 2024; 14:8007-8015. [PMID: 38454949 PMCID: PMC10918640 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08567h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ensuring food security is crucial for public health, and the presence of mycotoxins, produced by fungi in improperly stored processed or unprocessed food, poses a significant threat. This research introduces a novel approach - a disposable aptasensing platform designed for the detection of ochratoxin A (OTA). The platform employs gold-nanostructured screen-printed carbon electrodes functionalized with a ferrocene derivative, serving as an integrated faradaic transducing system, and an anti-OTA aptamer as a bioreceptor site. Detection relies on the ferrocene electrochemical signal changes induced by the aptamer folding in the presence of the target molecule. Remarkably sensitive, the platform detects OTA within the range of 0.5 to 70 ng mL-1 and a detection limit of 11 pg mL-1. This limit is approximately 200 times below the levels stipulated by the European Commission for agricultural commodities. Notably, the sensing device exhibits efficacy in detecting OTA in complex media, such as roasted coffee beans and wine, without the need for sample pretreatment, yielding accurate recoveries. Furthermore, while label-free electrochemical aptasensors have proliferated, this study addresses a gap in understanding the binding mechanisms of some aptasensors. To enhance the experimental findings, a theoretical study was conducted to underscore the specificity of the anti-OTA aptamer as a donor for OTA detection. The molecular docking technique was employed to unveil the key binding region of the aptamer, providing valuable insights into the aptasensor specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wicem Argoubi
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, ACE-Lab (LR99ES15), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar 2092 Tunis El Manar Tunisia
| | - Faisal K Algethami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) P.O. Box 90950 Riyadh 11623 Saudi Arabia
| | - Noureddine Raouafi
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, ACE-Lab (LR99ES15), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar 2092 Tunis El Manar Tunisia
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Wahyuni WT, Putra BR, Rahman HA, Ivandini TA, Irkham, Khalil M, Rahmawati I. Effect of Aspect Ratio of a Gold-Nanorod-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Carbaryl Detection in Three Different Samples of Vegetables. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1497-1515. [PMID: 38239286 PMCID: PMC10796111 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
In this study, three different sizes of gold nanorods (AuNRs) were synthesized using the seed-growth method by adding various volumes of AgNO3 as 400, 600, and 800 μL into the growth solution of gold nanoparticles. Three different sizes of AuNRs were then characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the surface morphology, topography, and aspect ratios of each synthesized AuNR. The aspect ratios from the histogram of size distributions of three AuNRs as 2.21, 2.53, and 2.85 can be calculated corresponding to the addition of AgNO3 volumes of 400, 600, and 800 μL. Moreover, each AuNR in three different aspect ratios was drop-cast onto the surface of a commercial screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) to obtain three different SPCE-modified AuNRs (SPCE-A400, SPCE-A600, and SPCE-A800, respectively). All SPCE-modified AuNRs were then evaluated for their electrochemical behavior using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques and the highest electrochemical performance was shown as the order of magnitude of SPCE-A400 > SPCE-A600/SPCE-A800. The reason for the highest electrocatalytic activity of SPCE-A400 might be due to the smallest particle size and uniform distribution of AuNRs ∼ 2.2, which enhanced the charge transfer, thus providing the highest electroactive surface area (0.6685 cm2) compared to other electrodes. These results also confirm that the sensing mechanism for all SPCE-modified AuNRs is controlled by diffusion phenomena. In addition, the optimum pH was obtained as 4 for carbaryl detection for all SPCE-modified AuNRs with the highest current shown by SPCE-A400. Furthermore, SPCE-A400 has the highest fundamental parameters (surface coverage, catalytic rate constant, electron transfer rate constant, and adsorption capacity) for carbaryl detection, which were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometric techniques. The electroanalytical performances of all SPCE-modified AuNRs for carbaryl detection were also investigated with SPCE-A400 displaying the best performance among other electrodes in terms of its linearity (0.2-100 μM), limit of detection (LOD) ∼ 0.07 μM, and limit of quantification (LOQ) ∼ 0.2 μM. All SPCE-modified AuNRs were also subsequently evaluated for their stability, reproducibility, and selectivity in the presence of interfering species such as NaNO2, NH4NO3, Zn(CH3CO2)2, FeSO4, diazinon, and glucose and show reliable results as depicted from %RSD values less than 3%. At last, all SPCE-modified AuNRs have been employed for carbaryl detection using a standard addition technique in three different samples of vegetables (cabbage, cucumber, and Chinese cabbage) with its results (%recovery ≈ 100%) within the acceptable analytical range. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the great potential of a disposable device based on an AuNR-modified SPCE for rapid detection and high sensitivity in monitoring the concentration of carbaryl as a residual pesticide in vegetable samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulan Tri Wahyuni
- Analytical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
- Tropical
Biopharmaca Research Center, Institute of Research and Community Empowerment, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Budi Riza Putra
- Research
Center for Metallurgy, National Research
and Innovation Agency (BRIN), PUSPIPTEK Gd. 470, South
Tangerang, Banten 15315, Indonesia
| | - Hemas Arif Rahman
- Analytical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics
and Natural Sciences, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
| | - Tribidasari A. Ivandini
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Irkham
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Padjajaran, Bandung 45363, Indonesia
| | - Munawar Khalil
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Isnaini Rahmawati
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
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Aldulaijan S. In-silico selection of peptides for the recognition of imidacloprid. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295619. [PMID: 38085733 PMCID: PMC10715655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The sensitive detection of pesticides using low-cost receptors designed from peptides can widen their uses in the environmental surveillance for emerging pollutants. In-silico selection of peptides can help accelerate the design of receptor sequence banks for a given target of interest. In this work, we started from Lymnaea stagnalis acetylcholine-binding protein Q55R mutant receptor-imidacloprid complex, available in the PDB databank, to select three primary short peptides (YSP09, DMR12, WQW13 respectively having 9, 12 and 13 amino acids (AA) in length) from the pesticide interacting zones with the A, B and C chains of the nicotinic receptor. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we showed that the three peptides can form complexes with the target imidacloprid, having energies close to that obtained from a reference RNR12 peptide. Combination of these peptides allowed preparing a new set of longer peptides (YSM21, PSM22, PSW31 and WQA34) that have higher stability and affinity as shown by the MM-PBSA calculations. In particular, the WQA34 peptide displayed an average binding free energy of -6.44±0.27 kcal/mol, which is three times higher than that of the reference RNR12 peptide (-2.29±0.25 kcal/mol) and formed a stable complex with imidacloprid. Furthermore, the dissociation constants (Kd), calculated from the binding free energy, showed that WQA32 (40 μM) has three orders of magnitude lower Kd than the reference RNR12 peptide (3.4 × 104 μM). Docking and RMSD scores showed that the WQA34 peptide is potentially selective to the target imidacloprid with respect to acetamiprid and clothianidin. Therefore, this peptide can be used in wet-lab experiments to prepare a biosensor to selectively detect imidacloprid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Aldulaijan
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Algethami FK, Rabti A, Mastouri M, Ben Aoun S, Alqarni LS, Elamin MR, Raouafi N. Sub-femtomolar capacitance-based biosensing of kanamycin using screen-printed electrodes coated with redox-active polymeric films. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:434. [PMID: 37821740 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-06003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive capacitance-based biosensor has been developed capable of detecting the kanamycin (KAN) antibiotic at sub-femtomolar levels. The biosensor was constructed using a potential-pulse-assisted method, allowing for the layer-by-layer deposition of a melanin-like polymeric film (MLPF) on an electrode surface modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The MLPF was formed through the electrochemical polymerization of dopamine and the specific kanamycin aptamer. By optimizing the operating parameters, we achieved a label-free detection of kanamycin by monitoring the variation of pseudocapacitive properties of the MLPF-modified electrode using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The developed biosensor demonstrated a wide linear response ranging from 1 fM to 100 pM, with a remarkable limit of detection of 0.3 fM (S/N = 3) for kanamycin. Furthermore, the biosensor was successfully applied to detect kanamycin in milk samples, exhibiting good recovery. These findings highlight the promising potential of the aptasensor for determination of antibiotic residues and ensuring food safety. In conclusion, our ultrasensitive capacitance-based biosensor provides a reliable and efficient method for detecting trace amounts of kanamycin in dairy products. This technology can contribute to safeguarding consumer health and maintaining high food safety standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K Algethami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amal Rabti
- Laboratory of Materials, Treatment, and Analysis (LMTA), National Institute of Research and Physicochemical Analysis (INRAP), Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Lab (LR99ES15), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Mastouri
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Lab (LR99ES15), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sami Ben Aoun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, P.O Box 30002, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila S Alqarni
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed R Elamin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 90950, 11623, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noureddine Raouafi
- Sensors and Biosensors Group, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Lab (LR99ES15), University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
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