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Yang Y, Li W, Wu D, Wu Y, Li L, Li G. Facile synthesis of magnetic ionic covalent organic framework and dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction of aromatic amino acid oxidation products in thermally processed foods. Food Chem 2025; 462:140936. [PMID: 39232273 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Aromatic amino acid oxidation products (AAAOPs) are newly discovered risk substances of thermal processes. Due to its significant polarity and trace level in food matrices, there are no efficient pre-treatment methods available to enrich AAAOPs. Herein, we proposed a magnetic cationic covalent organic framework (Fe3O4@EB-iCOF) as an adsorbent for dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction (DMSPE). Benefiting from the unique charged characteristics of Fe3O4@EB-iCOF, AAAOPs can be enriched through electrostatic interaction and π-π interactions. Under the optimal DMSPE conditions, the combined HPLC-MS/MS method demonstrated good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.990) and a low detection limit (0.11-7.5 μg·kg-1) for AAAOPs. In addition, the method was applied to real sample and obtained satisfactory recoveries (86.8 % ∼ 109.9 %). Especially, we applied this method to the detection of AAAOPs in meat samples and conducted a preliminarily study on its formation rules, which provides a reliable basis for assessing potential dietary risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT95DL, United Kingdom
| | - Yongning Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lin Li
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
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Liu J, Nie Y, Niu Y, Li L, Jing X. Lignin-based emulsive liquid-liquid microextraction for detecting triazole fungicides in water, juice, vinegar, and alcoholic beverages via UHPLC-MS/MS. Food Chem 2024; 459:140407. [PMID: 39018619 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
A universal, green, and rapid lignin-based emulsive liquid-liquid microextraction (ELLME) method was established to detect nine triazole fungicides in water, juice, vinegar, and alcoholic beverages via UHPLC-MS/MS. By employing an environmentally friendly emulsifier (lignin), the proposed ELLME was compatible with more extractants, and not restricted to fatty acids. Due to the high amphiphilic properties and three-dimensional structure of lignin, the emulsion was quickly formed through several aspirate-dispense cycles of the green extractant (guaiacol) and lignin solution. And a micropipette was used for rapid microextraction. The limit of detection was 0.0002-0.0057 μg L-1. The extraction recoveries and relative standard deviation were 81.7%-102.0% and 0.9%-7.1%, respectively. Finally, three green metric tools were used to verify the greenness of the whole procedure. The proposed lignin-based ELLME successfully emulsified green solvents, indicating that emerging solvents may be excellent alternatives as extractants in ELLME for pesticide residue analysis in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
| | - Yuanjun Nie
- Agricultural Economics and Management College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yu Niu
- Agricultural Economics and Management College, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Li Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, China
| | - Xu Jing
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.
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Zou PC, Zhang Y, Bian Y, Du RZ, Qian M, Feng XS, Du C, Zhang XY. Triazoles in the environment: An update on sample pretreatment and analysis methods. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 286:117156. [PMID: 39383824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Triazoles, due to their high bactericidal performance, have been widely used in the agricultural, clinical, and chemical industry. However, triazoles have been proven to cause endocrine-toxic and organ impairment in humans as a potentially toxic substance. Besides, because of the improper use and difficulty of degradation, triazoles pesticide residues left in the environment could pose a threat to the environment. Therefore, the rapid, reliable, accurate, and high-sensitivity triazoles analysis methods are significantly essential to effectively monitor their presence in various samples and safeguard human health. This review aims to summarize and update the progress of the pretreatment and analytical methods of triazole fungicides in environmental samples from 2012 to 2024. Common pretreatment methods used to extract and purify targets include simple steps (e.g., protein precipitation and coated blade spray), liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, and various microextraction methods such as liquid-phase microextraction and solid-phase microextraction, among others. Detection methods mainly include liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, supercritical fluid chromatography, sensing methods, and capillary electrophoresis. In addition, we elaborate and compare the advantages and disadvantages of different pretreatment and analytical methods, and their development prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Zou
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Yu Bian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Rong-Zhu Du
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Min Qian
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Cheng Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Aladaghlo Z, Sahragard A, Fakhari A, Salarinejad N, Movahed SK, Dabiri M. Fe 3O 4@nitrogen-doped carbon@Pd core-double shell nanotubes as a novel nanosorbent for ultrasonic assisted dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction of organophosphorus pesticides. Talanta 2024; 281:126911. [PMID: 39317067 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, an ultrasonic assisted dispersive magnetic solid phase extraction leveraging Fe3O4@nitrogen-doped carbon@Pd core-double shell nanotubes was developed for the extraction of organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) in trace levels from real samples. Incorporation of Pd species into the structure of the nanosorbent could enhance its interactions with sulfur groups in the structure of OPPs. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, brunauer-emmett-teller, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the nanosorbent after its synthesis. Then, effective variables on the extraction efficiency of OPPs using the nanosorbent were optimized. These parameters included 2-propanol as the adsorption solvent; the sample pH of 7.0; the sorbent quantity of 10 mg; and the extraction and desorption times of 3 min. Under optimized conditions, linear ranges with determination coefficients (R2) higher than 0.99, low detection limits of 0.30 ng mL-1, high preconcentration factors (423-470) and relatively high extraction recoveries (84-94 %) were obtained. The proposed extraction system was then successfully applied to the analysis of OPPs in fruits, vegetables, water, and agricultural soil samples, yielding relative recoveries from 90.4 to 107 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolfaghar Aladaghlo
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
| | - Ali Sahragard
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Alireza Fakhari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Evin, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Neda Salarinejad
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Minoo Dabiri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Evin, Tehran, Iran
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Shahsavani A, Fakhari AR. Fast and efficient extraction and determination of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs using poly(8-hydroxyquinoline)-coated magnetic graphene oxide nanocomposite prior to capillary electrophoresis analysis in wastewater, breast milk, and urine samples. Electrophoresis 2024. [PMID: 39076068 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202400023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
In this study, magnetic graphene oxide coated with poly(8-hydroxyquinoline) was successfully synthesized, characterized, and utilized as a novel sorbent for the ultrasonic-assisted dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction of naproxen and ibuprofen. These analytes served as representative analytes for two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in various real samples. Characterization techniques, such as IR, X-ray powder diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray-mapping, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), were used to confirm the correctness synthesis and preparation of the nanocomposites. Effective parameters on the extraction efficiency were investigated to maximize the analytical performance of the developed method. The dynamic range (1-1000 µg L-1), coefficients of determination (R2 ≥ 0.997), the limits of detection (0.3-1.0 µg L-1), and limit of quantification (1.0-3.0 µg L-1), intra-day and inter-day precisions (3.5%-7.2%) were achieved. The method validation results showed extraction recovery ranging from 80.4% to 96.0% and preconcentration factors ranging from 137 to 140.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Reza Fakhari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, I.R. IRAN
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Shahsavani A, Fakhari AR. Facile extraction and determination of organophosphorus pesticides using poly (8-hydroxyquinoline) functionalized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite in water, fruits, and vegetables samples. Food Chem 2024; 447:138848. [PMID: 38458129 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) approach for extracting and determining of two organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), including diazinon and chlorpyrifos as model analytes in various samples. For this purpose, we synthesized, characterized, and utilized magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated with poly 8-hydroxyquinoline (MWCNTs/Fe3O4@PHQ) as a novel sorbent. The impact of various parameters, including sorbent type, sample pH, sample volume, sorbent amount, desorption solvent (type and volume), extraction time, and ionic strength on the extraction efficiency was investigated and optimized. Following the extraction, the desorbed pesticides in acetone were analyzed using gas chromatography with an FID detector. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the proposed method showed excellent linearity in the range of 3-1000 µg/L, low detection limit (0.9-1.5 µg/L), good relative recoveries (86-101.5 %), and high precision (RSD < 6.5 %). Finally, the applicability of this method was evaluated by analyzing the target OPPs in a variety of real samples, and obtained satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfath Shahsavani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P.O. Box 198396-3113, Evin, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Ali Reza Fakhari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P.O. Box 198396-3113, Evin, Tehran, I.R. Iran.
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Weixia L, Lei J, Chaoyan L, Jiacheng L, Shaojie P, Yaping G. Pompon mum-like ionic covalent organic framework nanocomposites for efficient solid-phase extraction of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1727:464971. [PMID: 38761700 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted ionic covalent organic framework nanocomposites (MI-IC-COF@SnO2) were prepared as potential adsorbents for the enhanced adsorption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) from aqueous solution. The resulting material exhibited a pompon mum-like structure, featuring a large surface area, and well-defined mesopores. The presence of uniform positive ions within the three-dimensional skeleton of MI-IC-COF@SnO2 facilitated a rapid adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity for target analytes. Thermodynamic fitting revealed the adsorption process of NSAIDs to be feasible, endothermic, and spontaneous. Additionally, the adsorbent material exhibited respectable selectivity, as evidenced by imprinting factor values ranging from 2.8 to 6.7. Utilizing MI-IC-COF@SnO2 as the sorbent, a solid-phase extraction method coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (SPE-HPLC-UV) was developed and optimized. The proposed method demonstrated good linear range with determination coefficients of 0.998-0.999, and low limit of detection (0.18-1.35 µg L-1). Recoveries of NSAIDs in urine and river water samples were 78.1 %-106.1 %, with relative standard deviations lower than 12.5 %. This rapid and sensitive method enables the determination of NSAIDs at trace levels in complex matrices, providing reliable and reproducible results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Weixia
- College of Quality and Standardization, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Jiang Lei
- Zhejiang Light Industrial Products Inspection and Research Institute, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lou Chaoyan
- College of Quality and Standardization, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lei Jiacheng
- College of Quality and Standardization, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Pan Shaojie
- College of Quality and Standardization, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Gan Yaping
- Ecology and Health Institute, Hangzhou Vocational & Technical College, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Aladaghlo Z, Javanbakht S, Sahragard A, Fakhari A. Synthesis of MIL-88(Fe) coordinated to carboxymethyl cellulose fibers nanocomposite for dispersive solid phase microextraction of acetanilide herbicides from cereal and agricultural soil samples. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1719:464753. [PMID: 38394784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, MIL-88(Fe) coordinated to carboxymethyl cellulose fibers was successfully synthesized, characterized, and utilized as a nanocomposite for the dispersive solid phase microextraction of butachlor and acetochlor. These analytes served as representative analytes for acetanilide herbicides (AHs) present in real samples. Effective parameters on the extraction efficiency were investigated to maximize the analytical performance of the developed method. Under optimized conditions, which encompassed sorbent amount of 12 mg, solution pH of 7.0, 4.0 min of the vortex time, 3.0 min of the extraction time, chloroform as desorption agent and no salt addition, the developed method exhibited remarkable figures of merit, such as high linearity (R2> 0.99), low limits of detection of 0.90 ng mL-1, substantial preconcentration factors (between 213 and 228), relative recoveries in the range of 90.8% to 109%, and good repeatability with relative standard deviations equal or below 7.2%. After validation, the developed method was applied to detect AHs in various cereal and agricultural soil samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolfaghar Aladaghlo
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
| | - Siamak Javanbakht
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sahragard
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
| | - Alireza Fakhari
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University G. C., P.O. Box 1983963113, Evin, Tehran, Iran.
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Khiaophong W, Vichapong J. Green application of surfactant modified silica as effective sorbent for extraction and preconcentration of sulfonamide residues in environmental water and honey samples. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1718:464720. [PMID: 38335882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Micro-solid phase extraction (µ-SPE) using surfactant coated silica for extraction and preconcentration of sulfonamide residues at trace levels in environmental water and honey samples prior their analysis by high performance liquid chronatography coupled with photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA). The sample solution were dispersed in a small amounts of solid sorbent by vacuum manifold for sample preparation, and extraction occurred by adsorption in a short time. Finally, the analytes were subsequently desorbed using an appropriate solvent. The pure and coated silica were physicochemically and morphologically characterized by nittrogen (N2) sorptions analyses, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Parameters influencing extraction efficiency, such as amount of sorbent, kind, concentration and volume of surfactant, and kind and volume of desorption solvent, were investigated. The optimum conditions of the proposed method, were mixed standard/sample solution (10 mL), 0.4 g silica, 0.03 M CTAB (150 µL), and 500 μL methanol (as elution solvent). The proposed method, under optimal conditions, showed excellent linearity in different ranges (9-300 μg L-1, the a coefficient of determination (R2) of greater than 0.99), good repeatability (RSD < 6.72 %), good sensitivity (LODs in the range of 1 to 3 µg L-1), high enrichment factor (5.63-13.33), and acceptable relative recoveries (61.0-121.4 %). The developed µ-SPE method was applied to analyze sulfonamide residues in water and honey samples with relative recoveries of 60.9-119.4 % were obtained. This alternative method is simple and is also environmentally friendly which assessed using Analytical Eco-scale and Analytical GREEnness metric (AGREE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannipha Khiaophong
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Jitlada Vichapong
- Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand; Multidisciplinary Research Unit of Pure and Applied Chemistry (MRUPAC), Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellent for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand.
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