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Carletti F, Gambino G, Rizzo V, Ferraro G, Sardo P. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase is involved in CB/TRPV1 signalling: Focus on control of hippocampal hyperexcitability. Epilepsy Res 2017; 138:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Carletti F, Gambino G, Rizzo V, Ferraro G, Sardo P. Involvement of TRPV1 channels in the activity of the cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 in an acute rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2016; 122:56-65. [PMID: 26970948 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The exogenous cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2, (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl) pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-Yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone (WIN), has revealed to play a role on modulating the hyperexcitability phenomena in the hippocampus. Cannabinoid-mediated mechanisms of neuroprotection have recently been found to imply the modulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a cationic channel subfamily that regulate synaptic excitation. In our study, we assessed the influence of pharmacological manipulation of TRPV1 function, alone and on WIN antiepileptic activity, in the Maximal Dentate Activation (MDA) acute model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Our results showed that the TRPV1 agonist, capsaicin, increased epileptic outcomes; whilst antagonizing TRPV1 with capsazepine exerts a protective role on paroxysmal discharge. When capsaicin is co-administered with WIN effective dose of 10mg/kg is able to reduce its antiepileptic strength, especially on the triggering of MDA response. Accordingly, capsazepine at the protective dose of 2mg/kg managed to potentiate WIN antiepileptic effects, when co-treated. Moreover, WIN subeffective dose of 5mg/kg was turned into effective when capsazepine comes into play. This evidence suggests that systemic administration of TRPV1-active drugs influences electrically induced epilepsy, with a noticeable protective activity for capsazepine. Furthermore, results from the pharmacological interaction with WIN support an interplay between cannabinoid and TRPV1 signaling that could represent a promising approach for a future pharmacological strategy to challenge hyperexcitability-based diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Carletti
- Department of "Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia umana G. Pagano", University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129-90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuditta Gambino
- Department of "Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia umana G. Pagano", University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129-90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Valerio Rizzo
- Department of "Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia umana G. Pagano", University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129-90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Ferraro
- Department of "Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia umana G. Pagano", University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129-90134 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Pierangelo Sardo
- Department of "Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia umana G. Pagano", University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 129-90134 Palermo, Italy.
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Carletti F, Sardo P, Gambino G, Liu XA, Ferraro G, Rizzo V. Hippocampal Hyperexcitability is Modulated by Microtubule-Active Agent: Evidence from In Vivo and In Vitro Epilepsy Models in the Rat. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:29. [PMID: 26903814 PMCID: PMC4746529 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The involvement of microtubule dynamics on bioelectric activity of neurons and neurotransmission represents a fascinating target of research in the context of neural excitability. It has been reported that alteration of microtubule cytoskeleton can lead to profound modifications of neural functioning, with a putative impact on hyperexcitability phenomena. Altogether, in the present study we pointed at exploring the outcomes of modulating the degree of microtubule polymerization in two electrophysiological models of epileptiform activity in the rat hippocampus. To this aim, we used in vivo maximal dentate activation (MDA) and in vitro hippocampal epileptiform bursting activity (HEBA) paradigms to assess the effects of nocodazole (NOC) and paclitaxel (PAC), that respectively destabilize and stabilize microtubule structures. In particular, in the MDA paroxysmal discharge is electrically induced, whereas the HEBA is obtained by altering extracellular ionic concentrations. Our results provided evidence that NOC 10 μM was able to reduce the severity of MDA seizures, without inducing neurotoxicity as verified by the immunohistochemical assay. In some cases, paroxysmal discharge was completely blocked during the maximal effect of the drug. These data were also in agreement with the outcomes of in vitro HEBA, since NOC markedly decreased burst activity that was even silenced occasionally. In contrast, PAC at 10 μM did not exert a clear action in both paradigms. The present study, targeting cellular mechanisms not much considered so far, suggests the possibility that microtubule-active drugs could modulate brain hyperexcitability. This contributes to the hypothesis that cytoskeleton function may affect synaptic processes, relapsing on bioelectric aspects of epileptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Carletti
- Department of "Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano", University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Sardo
- Department of "Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano", University of PalermoPalermo, Italy; Post-graduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of PalermoPalermo, Italy
| | - Giuditta Gambino
- Department of "Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano", University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Xin-An Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Giuseppe Ferraro
- Department of "Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano", University of PalermoPalermo, Italy; Post-graduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of PalermoPalermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Rizzo
- Department of "Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience" (Bio.Ne.C.), "Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano", University of PalermoPalermo, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research InstituteJupiter, FL, USA
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Carletti F, Gambino G, Rizzo V, Ferraro G, Sardo P. Cannabinoid and nitric oxide signaling interplay in the modulation of hippocampal hyperexcitability: Study on electrophysiological and behavioral models of temporal lobe epilepsy in the rat. Neuroscience 2015; 303:149-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Dhaher R, Wang H, Gruenbaum SE, Tu N, Lee TSW, Zaveri HP, Eid T. Effects of site-specific infusions of methionine sulfoximine on the temporal progression of seizures in a rat model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2015. [PMID: 26220375 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine synthetase (GS) in astrocytes is critical for metabolism of glutamate and ammonia in the brain, and perturbations in the anatomical distribution and activity of the enzyme are likely to adversely affect synaptic transmission. GS is deficient in discrete regions of the hippocampal formation in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), a disorder characterized by brain glutamate excess and recurrent seizures. To investigate the role of site-specific inhibition of GS in MTLE, we chronically infused the GS inhibitor methionine sulfoximine (MSO) into one of the following areas of adult laboratory rats: (1) the angular bundle, n=6; (2) the deep entorhinal cortex (EC), n=7; (3) the stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA1, n=7; (4) the molecular layer of the subiculum, n=10; (5) the hilus of the dentate gyrus, n=6; and (6) the lateral ventricle, n=6. Twelve animals were infused with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) into the same areas to serve as controls. All infusions were unilateral, and animals were monitored by continuous video-intracranial EEG recordings for 3 weeks to capture seizure activity. All animals infused with MSO into the entorhinal-hippocampal area exhibited recurrent seizures that were particularly frequent during the first 3 days of infusion and that continued to recur for the entire 3 week recording period. Only a fraction of animals infused with MSO into the lateral ventricle had recurrent seizures, which occurred at a lower frequency compared with the other MSO infused group. Infusion of MSO into the hilus of the dentate gyrus resulted in the highest total number of seizures over the 3-week recording period. Infusion of MSO into all brain regions studied, with the exception of the lateral ventricle, led to a change in the composition of seizure severity over time. Low-grade (stages 1-3) seizures were more prevalent early during infusion, while severe (stages 4-5) seizures were more prevalent later. Thus, the site of GS inhibition within the brain determines the pattern and temporal evolution of recurrent seizures in the MSO model of MTLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni Dhaher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St., PO Box 208083, New Haven, CT 06520-8035, USA
| | - Helen Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St., PO Box 208083, New Haven, CT 06520-8035, USA
| | - Shaun E Gruenbaum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St., PO Box 208083, New Haven, CT 06520-8035, USA
| | - Nathan Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St., PO Box 208083, New Haven, CT 06520-8035, USA
| | - Tih-Shih W Lee
- Department of Psychiatry Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Hitten P Zaveri
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Tore Eid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar St., PO Box 208083, New Haven, CT 06520-8035, USA.
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Rizzo V, Carletti F, Gambino G, Schiera G, Cannizzaro C, Ferraro G, Sardo P. Role of CB2 receptors and cGMP pathway on the cannabinoid-dependent antiepileptic effects in an in vivo model of partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2014; 108:1711-8. [PMID: 25458534 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at providing an insight on the possible role of cannabinoid (CB) type 2 receptors (CB2R) and cGMP pathway in the antiepileptic activity of WIN 55,212-2, (R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl) pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-Yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone, a non-selective CB agonist, in the maximal dentate activation (MDA) model of partial epilepsy in adult male rats. We evaluated the activity of a CB2 antagonist/inverse agonist AM630, [6-iodo-2-methyl-1-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl](4-methoxyphenyl)methanone or 6-iodopravadoline, alone or in co-administration with WIN 55,212-2. Also, in the MDA model it was investigated the co-treatment of WIN 55,212-2 and 1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazole[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a specific inhibitor of the nitric oxide (NO)-activated soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), the cGMP producing enzyme. The WIN 55,212-2-dependent (21mg/kg) antiepileptic effects were significantly increased by the co-administration with AM630 and by the co-treatment with ODQ (10mg/kg). Whereas, the administration of AM630 (2mg/kg), alone exerts no effects on hippocampal hyperexcitability. Our data show that pharmacological blockade of CB2 receptors and of sGC seems to cooperate with WIN in its antiepileptic action. These findings shed light on CB signaling mechanisms, hinting that the modulation of the effects of CB agonist in the hyperexcitability phenomena may be exerted both by targeting CB receptors and their possible downstream effectors, such as nitrergic-dependent cGMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia umana "G. Pagano", Università degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 129-90134 Palermo, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458.
| | - Fabio Carletti
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia umana "G. Pagano", Università degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 129-90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuditta Gambino
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia umana "G. Pagano", Università degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 129-90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Girolamo Schiera
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia umana "G. Pagano", Università degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 129-90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze per la Promozione della salute, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via del Vespro, 133, 90100 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferraro
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia umana "G. Pagano", Università degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 129-90134 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Sardo
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia umana "G. Pagano", Università degli Studi di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 129-90134 Palermo, Italy
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Antiepileptic effect of dimethyl sulfoxide in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosci Lett 2013; 546:31-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Prieto-Martín AI, Llorens S, Pardal-Fernández JM, Muñoz LJ, López DE, Escribano J, Nava E, de Cabo C. Opposite caudal versus rostral brain nitric oxide synthase response to generalized seizures in a novel rodent model of reflex epilepsy. Life Sci 2012; 90:531-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Shafaroodi H, Moezi L, Ghorbani H, Zaeri M, Hassanpour S, Hassanipour M, Dehpour AR. Sub-chronic treatment with pioglitazone exerts anti-convulsant effects in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures of mice: The role of nitric oxide. Brain Res Bull 2012; 87:544-50. [PMID: 22366335 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pioglitazone delayed the development of seizure responses and shortened the duration of convulsion of genetically epileptic EL mice. The anti-epileptic effect of pioglitazone was attributed partly through the reduction of inflammatory responses and preventing apoptosis. There are also some reports showing that some pioglitazone effects mediate through nitric oxide. In this study we evaluated sub-chronic pioglitazone effects in two models of intravenous and intraperitoneal pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different doses of pioglitazone were administered orally for 10 days in different groups of male mice. L-NAME, a non selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, aminoguanidine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, or L-arginine, a nitric oxide donor, was administered acutely or sub-chronically to evaluate the role of nitric oxide in pioglitazone anti-seizure effects. RESULTS We demonstrated that sub-chronic administration of pioglitazone exerted anti-convulsant effects in both models of intravenous and intraperitoneal pentylenetetrazole. Acute and sub-chronic pre-administration of L-NAME prevented the anti-convulsant effect of pioglitazone in both models of intravenous and intraperitoneal pentylenetetrazole. Aminoguanidine did not alter the anti-convulsant effect of pioglitazone in two models of intravenous and intraperitoneal pentylenetetrazole. Both acute and sub-chronic pre-treatment of mice with L-arginine exerted anti-convulsant effect when administered with a non effective dose of pioglitazone in intraperitoneal method. In intravenous method, acute administration of L-arginine with a non-effective dose of pioglitazone enhanced the seizure clonic latency. CONCLUSION Taken together, sub-chronic pioglitazone treatment exerts anti-convulsant effects in intravenous and intraperitoneal pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures of mice probably through induction of constitutive nitric oxide synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Shafaroodi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Sardo P, D’Agostino S, Rizzo V, Carletti F, Lonobile G, Ferraro G. In the rat maximal dentate activation model of partial complex epilepsy, the anticonvulsant activity of levetiracetam is modulated by nitric oxide-active drugs. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2009; 116:831-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-009-0233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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