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Aronthippaitoon Y, Szerman N, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Laperche S, Ungeheuer MN, Sureau C, Khamduang W, Gaudy-Graffin C. Are International Units of Anti-HBs Antibodies Always Indicative of Hepatitis B Virus Neutralizing Activity? Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040791. [PMID: 37112703 PMCID: PMC10147002 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Anti-HBs antibodies are elicited upon hepatitis B vaccination, and concentrations above 10 mIU/mL are considered protective. Our aim was to assess the relationship between IU/mL of anti-HBs and neutralization activity. Methods: Immunoglobulins G (IgGs) were purified from individuals who received a serum-derived vaccine (Group 1), a recombinant vaccine, Genevac-B or Engerix-B (Group 2), or who recovered from acute infection (Group 3). IgGs were tested for anti-HBs, anti-preS1, and anti-preS2 antibodies and for their neutralizing activity in an in vitro infection assay. Results: Anti-HBs IUs/mL value did not strictly correlate with neutralization activity. The Group 1 antibodies demonstrated a greater neutralizing activity than those of Group 2. Anti-preS1 antibodies were detected in Groups 1 and 3, and anti-preS2 in Group 1 and Group 2/Genhevac-B, but the contribution of anti-preS antibodies to neutralization could not be demonstrated. Virions bearing immune escape HBsAg variants were less susceptible to neutralization than wild-type virions. Conclusion. The level of anti-HBs antibodies in IUs is not sufficient to assess neutralizing activity. Consequently, (i) an in vitro neutralization assay should be included in the quality control procedures of antibody preparations intended for HB prophylaxis or immunotherapy, and (ii) a greater emphasis should be placed on ensuring that vaccine genotype/subtype matches with that of the circulating HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yada Aronthippaitoon
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- LUCENT International Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Nathan Szerman
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHRU, Université of Tours, INSERM U1259, 37044 Tours, France
| | - Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- LUCENT International Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), MIVEGEC, CNRS, Agropolis, University of Montpellier, 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Syria Laperche
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, CNR Risques Infectieux Transfusionnels, 75015 Paris, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine, 93218 Saint-Denis, France
| | | | - Camille Sureau
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, CNR Risques Infectieux Transfusionnels, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Woottichai Khamduang
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- LUCENT International Collaboration, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Catherine Gaudy-Graffin
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie-Virologie-Hygiène, CHRU, Université of Tours, INSERM U1259, 37044 Tours, France
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Lehmann F, Slanina H, Roderfeld M, Roeb E, Trebicka J, Ziebuhr J, Gerlich WH, Schüttler CG, Schlevogt B, Glebe D. A Novel Insertion in the Hepatitis B Virus Surface Protein Leading to Hyperglycosylation Causes Diagnostic and Immune Escape. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040838. [PMID: 37112819 PMCID: PMC10144012 DOI: 10.3390/v15040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health threat. Mutations in the surface antigen of HBV (HBsAg) may alter its antigenicity, infectivity, and transmissibility. A patient positive for HBV DNA and detectable but low-level HBsAg in parallel with anti-HBs suggested the presence of immune and/or diagnostic escape variants. To support this hypothesis, serum-derived HBs gene sequences were amplified and cloned for sequencing, which revealed infection with exclusively non-wildtype HBV subgenotype (sgt) D3. Three distinct mutations in the antigenic loop of HBsAg that caused additional N-glycosylation were found in the variant sequences, including a previously undescribed six-nucleotide insertion. Cellular and secreted HBsAg was analyzed for N-glycosylation in Western blot after expression in human hepatoma cells. Secreted HBsAg was also subjected to four widely used, state-of-the-art diagnostic assays, which all failed to detect the hyperglycosylated insertion variant. Additionally, the recognition of mutant HBsAg by vaccine- and natural infection-induced anti-HBs antibodies was severely impaired. Taken together, these data suggest that the novel six-nucleotide insertion as well as two other previously described mutations causing hyperglycosylation in combination with immune escape mutations have a critical impact on in vitro diagnostics and likely increase the risk of breakthrough infection by evasion of vaccine-induced immunity.
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Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D Viruses: A Comprehensive Update with an Immunological Focus. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415973. [PMID: 36555623 PMCID: PMC9781095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) are highly prevalent viruses estimated to infect approximately 300 million people and 12-72 million people worldwide, respectively. HDV requires the HBV envelope to establish a successful infection. Concurrent infection with HBV and HDV can result in more severe disease outcomes than infection with HBV alone. These viruses can cause significant hepatic disease, including cirrhosis, fulminant hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and represent a significant cause of global mortality. Therefore, a thorough understanding of these viruses and the immune response they generate is essential to enhance disease management. This review includes an overview of the HBV and HDV viruses, including life cycle, structure, natural course of infection, and histopathology. A discussion of the interplay between HDV RNA and HBV DNA during chronic infection is also included. It then discusses characteristics of the immune response with a focus on reactions to the antigenic hepatitis B surface antigen, including small, middle, and large surface antigens. This paper also reviews characteristics of the immune response to the hepatitis D antigen (including small and large antigens), the only protein expressed by hepatitis D. Lastly, we conclude with a discussion of recent therapeutic advances pertaining to these viruses.
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Campos-Valdez M, Feustel S, Monroy-Ramírez HC, Barrientos-Salcedo C, Ayón-Pérez MF, Ramos-Márquez ME, Fernández-Galindo DA, Silva-Gómez JA, Santos A, Armendáriz-Borunda J, Sánchez-Orozco LV. Influence of C107R mutation from hepatitis B virus genotype H on in vitro hepatitis B surface antigen detection and IFN-β-1a treatment. Future Virol 2022. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Assess the in vitro effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype H (HBV/H) with the small surface HBV protein (HBs) C107R mutation on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) detection, TGFB1, CAT and IFNB1A expression, and the response to IFN-β-1a treatment. Methods: HBV/H wild-type and HBs C107R variant replicons were constructed and transfected into hepatic stellate cells and/or Huh7 that were later treated with IFN-β-1a. HBsAg, HBV-DNA, pgRNA, TGFB1, CAT and IFNB1A expression was analyzed. 3D HBs structure from wild-type and C107R were foreseen by AlphaFold protein predictor, and IFN-β-1a antiviral effect was evaluated. Results: C107R mutation did not impact viral replication, but HBsAg serologic detection was affected. Wild-type and C107R similarly modified gene expression and responded to IFN-β-1a. Conclusion: C107R disrupts the Cys107/Cys138 disulfide bond and impairs HBsAg detection. Independently of the mutation, there were changes in TGFB1, CAT and IFNB1A expression, and a medium response to IFN-β-1a treatment compared with genotype A and C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Campos-Valdez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
| | - Sina Feustel
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
| | - Hugo Christian Monroy-Ramírez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
| | - Carolina Barrientos-Salcedo
- Laboratorio de Química Médica y Quimiogenómica, Facultad de Bioanálisis, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México
| | | | - Martha Eloísa Ramos-Márquez
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
| | - David A Fernández-Galindo
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
| | - Jorge Antonio Silva-Gómez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
| | - Arturo Santos
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, 45201, México
| | - Juan Armendáriz-Borunda
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Zapopan, Jalisco, 45201, México
| | - Laura Verónica Sánchez-Orozco
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
- Instituto de Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, 44340, México
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5
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Zhong S, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Fu X, Guo L, Gu S, Tang L, Hou J, Li Y. Longitudinal mapping of hepatitis B vaccine-induced B-cell linear epitopes in healthy individuals. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4993-5006. [PMID: 35676468 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is partially facilitated by the prophylactic HB vaccine. As the loss of seroprotection over time remains a conundrum for long-lasting protection, a comprehensive dynamic analysis of immunogenic targets of the HB vaccine will provide novel insights into the improvement and design of potential targets. In this study, 36 healthy subjects without prior history of hepatitis B infection and negative for hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) were enrolled. Participants were given a series of three doses of HB vaccine on a 0-, 1-, and 6-month schedule and longitudinally followed up. We systematically mapped 55 overlapping 15-mer peptides covering the small S protein of hepatitis B virus (SHBs) of vaccinees' serum samples at seven time points by performing an ELISA assay. Additionally, the frequencies and function dynamics of adaptive immune response were assessed by flow cytometry. We found that the SHBs peptide coverage presented an overall upward trend along with the vaccination progress, and the individual subpartition recognition was strongly correlated with the anti-HBs titers. Moreover, we identified one dominant epitope (S29) located on "a determinant region" associated with effective vaccine response. Besides, significant correlations between the proportion of plasmablasts and proliferating B cells and levels of anti-HBs were ascertained. Taken together, our data characterized the dynamics of HB vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies against B-cell linear epitopes on SHBs and adaptive immune response, which will be constructive to develop the next-generation vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Libo Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhao L, Chen F, Quitt O, Festag M, Ringelhan M, Wisskirchen K, Festag J, Yakovleva L, Sureau C, Bohne F, Aichler M, Bruss V, Shevtsov M, van de Klundert M, Momburg F, Möhl BS, Protzer U. Hepatitis B virus envelope proteins can serve as therapeutic targets embedded in the host cell plasma membrane. Cell Microbiol 2021; 23:e13399. [PMID: 34729894 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health threat causing 880,000 deaths each year. Available therapies control viral replication but do not cure HBV, leaving patients at risk to develop hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we show that HBV envelope proteins (HBs)-besides their integration into endosomal membranes-become embedded in the plasma membrane where they can be targeted by redirected T-cells. HBs was detected on the surface of HBV-infected cells, in livers of mice replicating HBV and in HBV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Staining with HBs-specific recombinant antibody MoMab recognising a conformational epitope indicated that membrane-associated HBs remains correctly folded in HBV-replicating cells in cell culture and in livers of HBV-transgenic mice in vivo. MoMab coated onto superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles allowed to detect membrane-associated HBs after HBV infection by electron microscopy in distinct stretches of the hepatocyte plasma membrane. Last but not least, we demonstrate that HBs located on the cell surface allow therapeutic targeting of HBV-positive cells by T-cells either engrafted with a chimeric antigen receptor or redirected by bispecific, T-cell engager antibodies. TAKE AWAYS: HBs become translocated to the plasma membrane. Novel, recombinant antibody confirmed proper conformation of HBs on the membrane. HBs provide an interesting target by T-cell-based, potentially curative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhao
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Fuwang Chen
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Quitt
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Marvin Festag
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Marc Ringelhan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Wisskirchen
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Festag
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Luidmila Yakovleva
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Camille Sureau
- Molecular Virology laboratory, Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Felix Bohne
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Bruss
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Maxim Shevtsov
- Laboratory of Biomedical Nanotechnologies, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), St. Petersburg, Russia.,Center for Translational Cancer Research, University Hospital rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Maarten van de Klundert
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Momburg
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Britta S Möhl
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, Munich, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, Technical University of Munich/Helmholtz Zentrum München, TUM School of Medicine, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich Partner Site, Munich, Germany
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7
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Quitt O, Luo S, Meyer M, Xie Z, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Loffredo-Verde E, Festag J, Bockmann JH, Zhao L, Stadler D, Chou WM, Tedjokusumo R, Wettengel JM, Ko C, Noeßner E, Bulbuc N, Shokri F, Lüttgau S, Heikenwälder M, Bohne F, Moldenhauer G, Momburg F, Protzer U. T-cell engager antibodies enable T cells to control HBV infection and to target HBsAg-positive hepatoma in mice. J Hepatol 2021; 75:1058-1071. [PMID: 34171437 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Current antiviral therapies control but rarely eliminate HBV, leaving chronic HBV carriers at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lacking or dysfunctional virus-specific adaptive immunity prevents control of HBV and allows the virus to persist. Restoring antiviral T-cell immunity could lead to HBV elimination and cure of chronically infected patients. METHODS We constructed bispecific T-cell engager antibodies that are designed to induce antiviral immunity through simultaneous binding of HBV envelope proteins (HBVenv) on infected hepatocytes and CD3 or CD28 on T cells. T-cell engager antibodies were employed in co-cultures with healthy donor lymphocytes and HBV-infected target cells. Activation of the T-cell response was determined by detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines, effector function (by cytotoxicity) and antiviral effects. To study in vivo efficacy, immune-deficient mice were transplanted with HBVenv-positive and -negative hepatoma cells. RESULTS The 2 T-cell engager antibodies synergistically activated T cells to become polyfunctional effectors that in turn elicited potent antiviral effects by killing infected cells and in addition controlled HBV via non-cytolytic, cytokine-mediated antiviral mechanisms. In vivo in mice, the antibodies attracted T cells specifically to the tumors expressing HBVenv resulting in T-cell activation, tumor infiltration and reduction of tumor burden. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the administration of HBVenv-targeting T-cell engager antibodies facilitates a robust T-cell redirection towards HBV-positive target cells and provides a feasible and promising approach for the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis and HBV-associated HCC. LAY SUMMARY T-cell engager antibodies are an interesting, novel therapeutic tool to restore immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis B. As bispecific antibodies, they bind envelope proteins on the surface of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and CD3 or CD28 on T cells. This way, they induce a potent antiviral and cytotoxic T-cell response that leads to the elimination of HBV-positive cells. These bispecific T-cell engager antibodies are exciting therapeutic candidates for chronic hepatitis B and HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Quitt
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marten Meyer
- Antigen Presentation and T/NK Cell Activation Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhe Xie
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eva Loffredo-Verde
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Festag
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Hendrik Bockmann
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich and Hamburg Partner sites, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Stadler
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wen-Min Chou
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Raindy Tedjokusumo
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Martin Wettengel
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Chunkyu Ko
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elfriede Noeßner
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Nadja Bulbuc
- Antigen Presentation and T/NK Cell Activation Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sandra Lüttgau
- Department of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mathias Heikenwälder
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Bohne
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Moldenhauer
- Department of Translational Immunology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Momburg
- Antigen Presentation and T/NK Cell Activation Group, Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Immunity, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Munich and Hamburg Partner sites, Germany.
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8
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Asadi-Asadabad S, Sarvnaz H, Amiri MM, Mobini M, Khoshnoodi J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Golsaz-Shirazi F, Shokri F. Influence of Pattern Recognition Receptor Ligands on Induction of Innate Immunity and Control of Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Viral Immunol 2021; 34:531-541. [PMID: 34030480 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2021.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure of current therapies to cure chronic hepatitis B has led to renewed interest in therapies that stimulate the host immune system. APOBEC3 (A3) family enzymes have been shown to induce mutations in hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) leading to inhibition of HBV transcription and replication. Pattern recognition receptor (PRR) agonists have been reported to suppress HBV, but it is unclear whether these agonists induce A3 gene expression in hepatocytes. We, therefore, evaluated whether PRR signaling activates the expression of A3 genes and other innate immunity genes and restricts HBV infection. HepG2-sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) cells were infected with HBV and treated with various PRR agonists. The level of HBV infection was subsequently assessed by measurement of HBV biomarkers, including HBV DNA, cccDNA, HBs, and HBe antigens in infected hepatocytes. Among all tested PRR ligands, only Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec and Poly(I:C)-HMW significantly inhibited hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), HBV DNA, and cccDNA, whereas R848 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) only showed significant inhibition on HBsAg and HBeAg, but not virus DNA. CpG and Pam3CSK4, on the other hand, had no significant inhibitory effect on any of the HBV infection parameters. Moreover, Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec and Poly(I:C)-HMW were the only ligands that significantly increased IL-8 secretion. Interestingly, HBV infection reduced IL-8 secretion induced by Poly(I:C)-HMW and to a lesser extent Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec. Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec had a significant effect on increasing the expression level of A3F, A3G, A3H, TLR3, RIG-1, and MDA5 genes. Our data suggest that PRR agonists may control HBV infection through different mechanisms. The RIG-1 and MDA5 agonist, Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec, seems to downregulate HBV infection through induction of A3 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Asadi-Asadabad
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Sarvnaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mobini
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Khoshnoodi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Mobini S, Chizari M, Mafakher L, Rismani E, Rismani E. Computational Design of a Novel VLP-Based Vaccine for Hepatitis B Virus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2074. [PMID: 33042118 PMCID: PMC7521014 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global virus responsible for a universal disease burden for millions of people. Various vaccination strategies have been developed using viral vector, nucleic acid, protein, peptide, and virus-like particles (VLPs) to stimulate favorable immune responses against HBV. Given the pivotal role of specific immune responses of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) in infection control, we designed a VLP-based vaccine by placing the antibody-binding fragments of HBsAg in the major immunodominant region (MIR) epitope of HBcAg to stimulate multilateral immunity. A computational approach was employed to predict and evaluate the conservation, antigenicity, allergenicity, and immunogenicity of the construct. Modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) demonstrated the folding stability of HBcAg as a carrier in inserting Myrcludex and "a" determinant of HBsAg. Regions 1-50 and 118-150 of HBsAg were considered to have the highest stability to be involved in the designed vaccine. Molecular docking revealed appropriate interactions between the B cell epitope of the designed vaccine and the antibodies. Totally, the final construct was promising for inducing humoral and cellular responses against HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mobini
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Chizari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Mafakher
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elmira Rismani
- Department of Biology, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Rismani
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Golsaz-Shirazi F, Asadi-Asadabad S, Sarvnaz H, Mehdi Amiri M, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Chudy M, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Shokri F. Immunoreactivity pattern of monoclonal antibodies against Hepatitis B vaccine with global Hepatitis B virus genotypes. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:203-210. [PMID: 32679130 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are potentially valuable therapeutic and diagnostic tool. We have previously established and characterized a panel of mAbs derived from immunized BALB/c mice with a yeast-derived recombinant HB vaccine subgentoype A2 and HBsAg subtype adw2. This study was conducted to evaluate the reactivity pattern of this anti-HBs mAbs panel with various genotypes and subgenotypes of HBV using the first WHO HBV genotype reference panel containing 15 serum samples representing the subgenotypes A1, A2, B1, B2, C2, D1-D3, E, F2, and H. Ten out of 21 anti-HBs mAbs were able to strongly recognize all gentopye/subtypes of HBsAg provided in the WHO reference panel. However, 10 out of 21 anti-HBs mAbs showed a moderate to profound loss of reactivity with HBV genotypes/HBsAg subtypes D2/ayw3, E/ayw4, F2/adw4, and H/adw4. Two mAbs from the second group displayed a profoundly reduced reactivity with only 1 out of 3 C2/adr genotype/subtype samples. The amino acid alignment of these 3 samples showed that this particular sample contains amino acid substitution at residue 127, which is located inside "a" determinant. This amino acid substitution, which profoundly affected the reactivity of anti-HBs antibodies, has been previously reported only in D/ayw3, E/ayw4, F/adw4, and H. Interestingly, the amino acid alignment of the samples in this WHO panel showed that P127T substitution can also be found in C2/adr. Comparing amino acids sequences inside the antigenic loop (AGL) showed that D2/ayw3 contains a T118A/P127T double substitution, E/ayw4 contains P127L/T140S, F2/adw4 contains P127L/T140S/ F158L, and H/adw4 contains P127L substitution. Therefore, amino acid variability at positions 118, 127, 140, and 158 was found to cause significant loss of reactivity with anti-HBs mAbs. Since HBsAg variability in different genotypes of HBV can profoundly affect the reactivity of anti-HBs mAbs, analytical sensitivity for HBsAg assays should be considered based on the circulating and common HBV variants in the relevant countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Golsaz-Shirazi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sahar Asadi-Asadabad
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Sarvnaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Amiri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Michael Chudy
- Section of Molecular Virology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany
| | - Mahmood Jeddi-Tehrani
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fazel Shokri
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Expression and detection of anti-HBs antibodies after hepatitis B virus infection or vaccination in the context of protective immunity. Arch Virol 2019; 164:2645-2658. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Ramírez Caballero L, Delaroque N, Szardenings M. Antibody response after hepatitis B vaccine boost mapped with peptide-phage display. BIONATURA 2019. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/cs/2019.02.01.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccines confer protection by eliciting specific antibodies against the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), known as anti-HBs. However, the performance of rapid anti-HBs diagnostic tests generates concerns regarding consistency. Novel indicators of protection might be developed by monitoring changes in targeted HBsAg-epitope profile after vaccination. In this work, we test the feasibility of our peptide-phage display platform in identifying B-cell epitopes targeted at different time-points after hepatitis B vaccination. We combined this platform with a unique approach for in silico analysis of enriched sequences. Serum samples collected from one single patient who had two boosting immunizations against hepatitis B virus were used in two-rounds of selection experiments. Five epitope candidates from HBsAg were identified in silico; most of them were previously reported in the literature. Our results suggest that the number of recognized HBsAg epitopes is related to the decrease of anti-HBs over time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Delaroque
- Ligand Development Unit, Fraunhofer Institute of Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Szardenings
- Ligand Development Unit, Fraunhofer Institute of Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
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