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Li L, Cui X, Yu Y, Sun Q, Li W, Li Y, Li S, Chen L, Khan MZ, Wang C, Wang T. Blebbistatin as a novel antiviral agent targeting equid herpesvirus type 8. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1390304. [PMID: 38898998 PMCID: PMC11186319 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1390304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Equid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) poses a significant threat to equine health, leading to miscarriages and respiratory diseases in horses and donkeys, and results in substantial economic losses in the donkey industry. Currently, there are no effective drugs or vaccines available for EqHV-8 infection control. Methods In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antiviral efficacy of Blebbistatin, a myosin II ATPase inhibitor, against EqHV-8. Results Our results demonstrated that Blebbistatin significantly inhibited EqHV-8 infection in Rabbit kidney (RK-13) and Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, Blebbistatin was found to disrupt EqHV-8 infection at the entry stage by modulating myosin II ATPase activity. Moreover, in vivo experiments revealed that Blebbistatin effectively reduced EqHV-8 replication and mitigated lung pathology in a mouse model. Conclusion Collectively, these findings suggest that Blebbistatin holds considerable potential as an antiviral agent for the control of EqHV-8 infection, presenting a novel approach to addressing this veterinary challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Changfa Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Chen L, Li S, Li W, Yu Y, Sun Q, Chen W, Zhou H, Wang C, Li L, Xu M, Khan MZ, Li Y, Wang T. Rutin prevents EqHV-8 induced infection and oxidative stress via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1386462. [PMID: 38725448 PMCID: PMC11079272 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1386462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway has been extensively studied for its role in regulating antioxidant and antiviral responses. The Equid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) poses a significant threat to the equine industry, primarily manifesting as respiratory disease, abortions, and neurological disorders in horses and donkeys. Oxidative stress is considered a key factor associated with pathogenesis of EqHV-8 infection. Unfortunately, there is currently a dearth of therapeutic interventions available for the effective control of EqHV-8. Rutin has been well documented for its antioxidant and antiviral potential. In current study we focused on the evaluation of Rutin as a potential therapeutic agent against EqHV-8 infection. Methods For this purpose, we encompassed both in-vitro and in-vivo investigations to assess the effectiveness of Rutin in combatting EqHV-8 infection. Results and Discussion The results obtained from in vitro experiments demonstrated that Rutin exerted a pronounced inhibitory effect on EqHV-8 at multiple stages of the viral life cycle. Through meticulous experimentation, we elucidated that Rutin's antiviral action against EqHV-8 is intricately linked to the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway-mediated antioxidant response. Activation of this pathway by Rutin was found to significantly impede EqHV-8 replication, thereby diminishing the viral load. This mechanistic insight not only enhances our understanding of the antiviral potential of Rutin but also highlights the significance of antioxidant stress responses in combating EqHV-8 infection. To complement our in vitro findings, we conducted in vivo studies employing a mouse model. These experiments revealed that Rutin administration resulted in a substantial reduction in EqHV-8 infection within the lungs of the mice, underscoring the compound's therapeutic promise in vivo. Conclusion In summation, our finding showed that Rutin holds promise as a novel and effective therapeutic agent for the prevention and control of EqHV-8 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yubao Li
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Tongtong Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Wang T, Hu L, Li R, Ren H, Li S, Sun Q, Ding X, Li Y, Wang C, Li L. Hyperoside inhibits EHV-8 infection via alleviating oxidative stress and IFN production through activating JNK/Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. J Virol 2024; 98:e0015924. [PMID: 38499512 PMCID: PMC11019850 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00159-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Equine herpesvirus type 8 (EHV-8) causes abortion and respiratory disease in horses and donkeys, leading to serious economic losses in the global equine industry. Currently, there is no effective vaccine or drug against EHV-8 infection, underscoring the need for a novel antiviral drug to prevent EHV-8-induced latent infection and decrease the pathogenicity of this virus. The present study demonstrated that hyperoside can exert antiviral effects against EHV-8 infection in RK-13 (rabbit kidney cells), MDBK (Madin-Darby bovine kidney), and NBL-6 cells (E. Derm cells). Mechanistic investigations revealed that hyperoside induces heme oxygenase-1 expression by activating the c-Jun N-terminal kinase/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 axis, alleviating oxidative stress and triggering a downstream antiviral interferon response. Accordingly, hyperoside inhibits EHV-8 infection. Meanwhile, hyperoside can also mitigate EHV-8-induced injury in the lungs of infected mice. These results indicate that hyperoside may serve as a novel antiviral agent against EHV-8 infection.IMPORTANCEHyperoside has been reported to suppress viral infections, including herpesvirus, hepatitis B virus, infectious bronchitis virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. However, its mechanism of action against equine herpesvirus type 8 (EHV-8) is currently unknown. Here, we demonstrated that hyperoside significantly inhibits EHV-8 adsorption and internalization in susceptible cells. This process induces HO-1 expression via c-Jun N-terminal kinase/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 axis activation, alleviating oxidative stress and triggering an antiviral interferon response. These findings indicate that hyperoside could be very effective as a drug against EHV-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Leyu Hu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruibo Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Huiying Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiangdan Ding
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yubao Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Wang T, Li S, Hu X, Geng Y, Chen L, Liu W, Zhao J, Tian W, Wang C, Li Y, Li L. Heme oxygenase-1 is an equid alphaherpesvirus 8 replication restriction host protein and suppresses viral replication via the PKCβ/ERK1/ERK2 and NO/cGMP/PKG pathway. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0322023. [PMID: 38441979 PMCID: PMC10986571 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03220-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Equid alphaherpesvirus 8 (EqHV-8) is one of the most economically important viruses that is known to cause severe respiratory disease, abortion, and neurological syndromes in equines. However, no effective vaccines or therapeutic agents are available to control EqHV-8 infection. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an antioxidant defense enzyme that displays significant cytoprotective effects against different viral infections. However, the literature on the function of HO-1 during EqHV-8 infection is little. We explored the effects of HO-1 on EqHV-8 infection and revealed its potential mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that HO-1 induced by cobalt-protoporphyrin (CoPP) or HO-1 overexpression inhibited EqHV-8 replication in susceptible cells. In contrast, HO-1 inhibitor (zinc protoporphyria) or siRNA targeting HO-1 reversed the anti-EqHV-8 activity. Furthermore, biliverdin, a metabolic product of HO-1, mediated the anti-EqHV-8 effect of HO-1 via both the protein kinase C (PKC)β/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-protein kinase G (PKG) signaling pathways. In addition, CoPP protected the mice by reducing the EqHV-8 infection in the lungs. Altogether, these results indicated that HO-1 can be developed as a promising therapeutic strategy to control EqHV-8 infection.IMPORTANCEEqHV-8 infections have threatened continuously donkey and horse industry worldwide, which induces huge economic losses every year. However, no effective vaccination strategies or drug against EqHV-8 infection until now. Our present study found that one host protien HO-1 restrict EqHV-8 replication in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HO-1 and its metabolite biliverdin suppress EqHV-8 relication via the PKCβ/ERK1/ERK2 and NO/cGMP/PKG pathways. Hence, we believe that HO-1 can be developed as a promising therapeutic strategy to control EqHV-8 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shuwen Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinyao Hu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yiqing Geng
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenxia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yubao Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Li S, Xi C, Geng Y, Tian W, Li L, Wang T, Zhao J. Pathogenicity and host cytokines response of EqHV-8 infection in C57BL/6J mice. Microb Pathog 2024; 186:106506. [PMID: 38128702 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Equid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) is known to cause abortion, respiratory signs, and viral encephalitis in equines. EqHV-8 has been reported to cause serious economic losses in large-scale donkey farms in China. However, little is known about the viral replication and immune reaction in the brains and lungs of EqHV-8-induced C57BL/6J mice. We determined the pathogenicity and immune status in a mice model. The C57BL/6J mice were infected with the EqHV-8 donkey/Shandong/10/2021 strain, and the clinical signs and body weights were evaluated every day. In addition, viremia, virus loads, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in mice brains and lungs were assessed at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post infection (dpi). Our results demonstrated that mice in the EqHV-8 infected group displayed body weight loss, dyspnea signs, and viremia. The expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-6 mRNA was increased in the brains and lungs of EqHV-8-infected mice than that in control group at 5 dpi and 7 dpi, and IL-12a expression was increased at 7 dpi. These data indicated that EqHV-8 elicited a strong cytokines response, caused neurogenic disease and respiratory signs in C57BL/6J mice, thus revealing the pathogenicity of EqHV-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Cankun Xi
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Yiqing Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Wenxia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Liangliang Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
| | - Tongtong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
| | - Juan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China.
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