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Zhang H, Su RC, Qin YL, Wang XJ, Chen D, Liu XR, Jiang YX, Zhao P. Regioselective synthesis of 3-nitroindoles under non-acidic and non-metallic conditions. RSC Adv 2023; 13:26581-26586. [PMID: 37674482 PMCID: PMC10478488 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03193d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
An electrophilic substitution reaction, without acid and metal, of indole with ammonium tetramethylnitrate for accessing 3-nitroindole has been developed. In this protocol, trifluoroacetyl nitrate (CF3COONO2) was produced by metathesis of ammonium tetramethyl nitrate and trifluoroacetic anhydride at sub-room temperature. Trifluoroacetyl nitrate (CF3COONO2) is an electrophilic nitrating agent for a variety of indoles, aromatic and heterocyclic aromaticity. Meanwhile, this strategy could be applied to construct the skeleton structure of many kinds of bioactive molecules. Interestingly, 3-nitroindole can be further derivatived as a pyrrolo[2,3-b]indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
- Institute of Materia Medica of North Sichuan Medical College China
| | - Rong-Chuan Su
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
- Institute of Materia Medica of North Sichuan Medical College China
| | - Yu-Li Qin
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
- Institute of Materia Medica of North Sichuan Medical College China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- Department of Innovation & Entrepreneurship of NSMC China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
- Institute of Materia Medica of North Sichuan Medical College China
| | - Xiao-Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
- Institute of Materia Medica of North Sichuan Medical College China
| | - Yu-Xin Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
- Institute of Materia Medica of North Sichuan Medical College China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
- Institute of Materia Medica of North Sichuan Medical College China
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Sa’ad MA, Kavitha R, Fuloria S, Fuloria NK, Ravichandran M, Lalitha P. Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzamidine Derivatives: Newer Antibiotics for Periodontitis Treatment. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020207. [PMID: 35203811 PMCID: PMC8868241 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is complex polymicrobial disease which destroys tooth-supporting tissue. Although various synthetic inhibitors of periodontitis-triggering pathogens have been recognized, their undesirable side effects limit their application. Hence, the present study intended to perform the synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial evaluation, and cytotoxicity analysis of novel benzamidine analogues (NBA). This study involved the synthesis of novel imino bases of benzamidine (4a–c), by reacting different aromatic aldehydes with 2-(4-carbamimidoylphenoxy) acetohydrazide (3), which was synthesized by the hydrazination of ethyl 2-(4-carbamimidoylphenoxy) acetate (2), the derivative of 4-hydroxybenzene carboximidamide (1). This was followed by characterization using FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry. All synthesized compounds were further tested for antimicrobial potential against PD-triggering pathogens by the micro broth dilution method. The cytotoxicity analysis of the NBA against HEK 293 cells was conducted using an MTT assay. The present study resulted in a successful synthesis of NBA and elucidated their structures. The synthesized NBA exhibited significant antimicrobial activity values between 31.25 and 125 µg/mL against tested pathogens. All NBA exhibited weak cytotoxicity against HEK 293 cells at 7.81 µg, equally to chlorhexidine at 0.2%. The significant antimicrobial activity of NBA against PD-triggering pathogens supports their potential application in periodontitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Auwal Sa’ad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Centre of Excellence for Vaccine Development (CoEVD), Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Ramasamy Kavitha
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Correspondence: (N.K.F.); (M.R.); (P.L.); Tel.: +60-143-034-057 (N.K.F.)
| | - Manickam Ravichandran
- Centre of Excellence for Vaccine Development (CoEVD), Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.K.F.); (M.R.); (P.L.); Tel.: +60-143-034-057 (N.K.F.)
| | - Pattabhiraman Lalitha
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (N.K.F.); (M.R.); (P.L.); Tel.: +60-143-034-057 (N.K.F.)
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Taher AT, Mohammed LW. Synthesis of new 1,3,4-benzotriazepin-5-one derivatives and their biological evaluation as antitumor agents. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:684-93. [PMID: 23504247 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
New derivatives of 1,3,4-benzotriazepin-5-one were designed and synthesized as structural analogues to the antitumor agents devazepide and asperlicin. An efficient and novel approach to the synthesis of 2-amino-1,3,4-benzotriazepin-5-one 2 was developed and its structure was confirmed. The newly synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity on 60 different cell lines. Compounds 8 and 9 displayed the most potent antitumor activity against several cell lines specifically ovarian cancer, renal cancer and prostate cancer, while compounds 5, 10 and 12 showed significant activities against UO-31 renal cancer cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza T Taher
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, P.O. Box 11562, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abdel-Rahman AA, El-Latif MMA, El-Essawy FA, Barakat YA. Synthesis and Antiviral Activity of 3-Aminoindole Nucleosides of 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucose. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2012. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2012.33.10.3417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Al-Harbi RAK, Abdel-Rahman AAH. Synthesis and anti-hepatitis B virus activity of new pyrimidine peptide nucleic acid analogs. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-012-0905-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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6
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Ramiz MM, Abdel-Rahman AA. Antimicrobial Activity of Newly Synthesized 2,5-Disubstituted 1,3,4-Thiadiaozle Derivatives. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2011. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.12.4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abdel-Rahman AAH, El-Sayed WA, Zaki ESG, Mohamed AA, Fadda AA. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of substituted [(pyrazol-4-yl)methylene]hydrazono-2,3-dihydrothiazoles and their sugar derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Antimicrobial activity of new 4,6-disubstituted pyrimidine, pyrazoline, and pyran derivatives. Arch Pharm Res 2010; 33:647-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-010-0501-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Amino acid derivatives, X [1]: synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of α-amino acid esters bearing a N1-protected tryptophan side chain. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-008-0089-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hameurlaine A, El-Sayed WA, Abdel-Rahman AAH. Amino acid derivatives, IX [1]: synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of α-amino acid esters bearing a tryptophane side chain. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-008-0952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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