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Zambrano P, Suwalsky M, Jemiola-Rzeminska M, Gallardo-Nelson MJ, Strzalka K, Muñoz-Torrero D. Protective Role of a Donepezil-Huprine Hybrid against the β-Amyloid (1-42) Effect on Human Erythrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179563. [PMID: 34502472 PMCID: PMC8431064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aβ(1-42) peptide is a neurotoxic agent strongly associated with the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Current treatments are still of very low effectiveness, and deaths from AD are increasing worldwide. Huprine-derived molecules have a high affinity towards the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), act as potent Aβ(1-42) peptide aggregation inhibitors, and improve the behavior of experimental animals. AVCRI104P4 is a multitarget donepezil-huprine hybrid that improves short-term memory in a mouse model of AD and exerts protective effects in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans that express Aβ(1-42) peptide. At present, there is no information about the effects of this compound on human erythrocytes. Thus, we considered it important to study its effects on the cell membrane and erythrocyte models, and to examine its protective effect against the toxic insult induced by Aβ(1-42) peptide in this cell and models. This research was developed using X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) on molecular models of the human erythrocyte membrane constituted by lipid bilayers built of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE). They correspond to phospholipids representative of those present in the external and internal monolayers, respectively, of most plasma and neuronal membranes. The effect of AVCRI104P4 on human erythrocyte morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results showed a protective effect of AVCRI104P4 against the toxicity induced by Aβ(1-42) peptide in human erythrocytes and molecular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Zambrano
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-8578-2374
| | - Mario Suwalsky
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Malgorzata Jemiola-Rzeminska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (M.J.-R.); (K.S.)
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Kazimierz Strzalka
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; (M.J.-R.); (K.S.)
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Diego Muñoz-Torrero
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry (CSIC Associated Unit), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food, Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Pajnič M, Drašler B, Šuštar V, Krek JL, Štukelj R, Šimundić M, Kononenko V, Makovec D, Hägerstrand H, Drobne D, Kralj-Iglič V. Effect of carbon black nanomaterial on biological membranes revealed by shape of human erythrocytes, platelets and phospholipid vesicles. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:28. [PMID: 25886274 PMCID: PMC4391140 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the effect of carbon black (CB) agglomerated nanomaterial on biological membranes as revealed by shapes of human erythrocytes, platelets and giant phospholipid vesicles. Diluted human blood was incubated with CB nanomaterial and observed by different microscopic techniques. Giant unilamellar phospholipid vesicles (GUVs) created by electroformation were incubated with CB nanomaterial and observed by optical microscopy. Populations of erythrocytes and GUVs were analyzed: the effect of CB nanomaterial was assessed by the average number and distribution of erythrocyte shape types (discocytes, echinocytes, stomatocytes) and of vesicles in test suspensions, with respect to control suspensions. Ensembles of representative images were created and analyzed using computer aided image processing and statistical methods. In a population study, blood of 14 healthy human donors was incubated with CB nanomaterial. Blood cell parameters (concentration of different cell types, their volumes and distributions) were assessed. RESULTS We found that CB nanomaterial formed micrometer-sized agglomerates in citrated and phosphate buffered saline, in diluted blood and in blood plasma. These agglomerates interacted with erythrocyte membranes but did not affect erythrocyte shape locally or globally. CB nanomaterial agglomerates were found to mediate attractive interaction between blood cells and to present seeds for formation of agglomerate - blood cells complexes. Distortion of disc shape of resting platelets due to incubation with CB nanomaterial was not observed. CB nanomaterial induced bursting of GUVs while the shape of the remaining vesicles was on the average more elongated than in control suspension, indicating indirect osmotic effects of CB nanomaterial. CONCLUSIONS CB nanomaterial interacts with membranes of blood cells but does not have a direct effect on local or global membrane shape in physiological in vitro conditions. Blood cells and GUVs are convenient and ethically acceptable methods for the study of effects of various substances on biological membranes and therefrom derived effects on organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manca Pajnič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Barbara Drašler
- Group of Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Vid Šuštar
- Lymphocyte Cytoskeleton Group, Institute of Biomedicine/Pathology, BioCity, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6B, Turku, SF-20520, Finland.
| | - Judita Lea Krek
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Roman Štukelj
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Metka Šimundić
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Veno Kononenko
- Group of Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Darko Makovec
- J. Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Henry Hägerstrand
- Department of Biosciences, BioCity, Åbo Akademi University, BioCity, Artillerigatan 6, Åbo/Turku, SF-20520, Finland.
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Group of Nanobiology and Nanotoxicology, University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Večna pot 111, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Health Sciences, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia.
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