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Venugopala KN, Deb PK, Pillay M, Chopra D, Chandrashekharappa S, Morsy MA, Aldhubiab BE, Attimarad M, Nair AB, Sreeharsha N, Kandeel M, Venugopala R, Mohanlall V. 4-Aryl-1,4-Dihydropyridines as Potential Enoyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Reductase Inhibitors: Antitubercular Activity and Molecular Docking Study. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:295-306. [PMID: 33138763 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666201102121606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis remains one of the most deadly infectious diseases worldwide due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). AIMS Currently, available drugs are getting resistant and toxic. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of potent molecules to treat tuberculosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Herein, the screening of a total of eight symmetrical 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4- DHP) derivatives (4a-4h) was carried out for whole-cell anti-TB activity against the susceptible H37Rv and MDR strains of MTB. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Most of the compounds exhibited moderate to excellent activity against the susceptible H37Rv. Moreover, the most promising compound 4f (against H37Rv) having paratrifluoromethyl phenyl group at 4-position and bis para-methoxy benzyl ester group at 3- and 5- positions of 1,4-dihydropyridine pharmacophore, exhibited no toxicity, but demonstrated weak activity against MTB strains resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin. In light of the inhibitory profile of the title compounds, enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) appeared to be the appropriate molecular target. A docking study of these derivatives against InhA receptor revealed favorable binding interactions. Further, in silico predicted ADME properties of these compounds 4a-4h were found to be in the acceptable ranges, including satisfactory Lipinski's rule of five, thereby indicating their potential as drug-like molecules. CONCLUSION In particular, the 1,4-DHP derivative 4f can be considered an attractive lead molecule for further exploration and development of more potent anti-TB agents as InhA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharigatta N Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pran Kishore Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman 19392, Jordan
| | - Melendhran Pillay
- Department of Microbiology, National Health Laboratory Services, KZN Academic Complex, Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Mohamed A Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Bandar E Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anroop B Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashmi Venugopala
- Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Howard College Campus, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Viresh Mohanlall
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4001, South Africa
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Abdelmoniem AM, Mohamed MF, Abdelmoniem DM, Ghozlan SAS, Abdelhamid IA. Recent Synthetic Approaches and Biological Evaluations of Amino Hexahydroquinolines and Their Spirocyclic Structures. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:875-915. [PMID: 30706793 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190131140436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the recent synthetic approaches of amino hexahydroquinolines and their spirocyclic structures were highlighted. The synthetic routes include, two-components, three-components or fourcomponents reactions. The two-component [3+3] atom combination reaction represents the simplest method. It involves Michael addition of the electron rich β-carbon of β-enaminones to the activated double bond of cinnamonitriles followed by cyclization to yield hexahydroquinoline compounds. The bioactivity profiles and SAR studies of these compounds were also reviewed with emphasis to the utility of these substances as antimicrobial, anticancer and antitubercular agents, as well as calcium channel modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr M Abdelmoniem
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Magda F Mohamed
- Chemistry Department (biochemistry branch), Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Khulais, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Said A S Ghozlan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Baydar E, Gündüz MG, Krishna VS, Şimşek R, Sriram D, Yıldırım SÖ, Butcher RJ, Şafak C. Synthesis, crystal structure and antimycobacterial activities of 4-indolyl-1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives possessing various ester groups. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-017-3087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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