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Jamra G, Ghosh S, Singh N, Tripathy MK, Aggarwal A, Singh RDR, Srivastava AK, Kumar A, Pandey GK. Ectopic overexpression of Eleusine coracana CAX3 confers tolerance to metal and ion stress in yeast and Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108613. [PMID: 38696868 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ionic and metal toxicity in plants is still a global problem for the environment, agricultural productivity and ultimately poses human health threats when these metal ions accumulate in edible organs of plants. Metal and ion transport from cytosol to the vacuole is considered an important component of metal and ion tolerance and a plant's potential utility in phytoremediation. Finger millet (Eleusine coracana) is an orphan crop but has prominent nutritional value in comparison to other cereals. Previous transcriptomic studies suggested that one of the calcium/proton exchanger (EcCAX3) is strongly upregulated during different developmental stages of spikes development in plant. This finding led us to speculate that high calcium accumulation in the grain might be because of CAX3 function. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis shows that EcCAX3 is more closely related to foxtail millet, sorghum and rice CAX3 protein. To decipher the functional role of EcCAX3, we have adopted complementation of yeast triple mutant K677 (Δpmc1Δvcx1Δcnb1), which has defective calcium transport machinery. Furthermore, metal tolerance assay shows that EcCAX3 expression conferred tolerance to different metal stresses in yeast. The gain-of-function study suggests that EcCAX3 overexpressing Arabidopsis plants shows better tolerance to higher concentration of different metal ions as compared to wild type Col-0 plants. EcCAX3-overexpression transgenic lines exhibits abundance of metal transporters and cation exchanger transporter transcripts under metal stress conditions. Furthermore, EcCAX3-overexpression lines have higher accumulation of macro- and micro-elements under different metal stress. Overall, this finding highlights the functional role of EcCAX3 in the regulation of metal and ion homeostasis and this could be potentially utilized to engineer metal fortification and generation of stress tolerant crops in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Jamra
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India; Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Soma Ghosh
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Manas Kumar Tripathy
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Aparna Aggarwal
- Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Reema Devi Rajan Singh
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India; Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, GBPUAT, Pantnagar Uttarakhand, 263145, India; Director Education, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agriculture University, Jhansi, NH-75, Near Pahuj Dam, Gwalior Road, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284003, India.
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Dept. of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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An Q, Zheng N, Ji Y, Sun S, Wang S, Li X, Chen C, Li N, Pan J. Exploration the interaction of cadmium and copper toxic effects in pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L) roots through combinatorial transcriptomic and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:120956. [PMID: 38669883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between cadmium(Cd) and copper(Cu) during combined pollution can lead to more complex toxic effects on humans and plants.However, there is still a lack of sufficient understanding regarding the types of interactions at the plant molecular level and the response strategies of plants to combined pollution. To assess this, we investigated the phenotypic and transcriptomic patterns of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L) roots in response to individual and combined pollution of Cd and Cu. The results showed that compared to single addition, the translocation factor of heavy metals in roots significantly decreased (p < 0.05) under the combined addition, resulting in higher accumulation of Cd and Cu in the roots. Transcriptomic analysis of pakchoi roots revealed that compared to single pollution, there were 312 and 1926 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specifically regulated in the Cd2Cu20 and Cd2Cu100 combined treatments, respectively. By comparing the expression of these DEGs among different treatments, we found that the combined pollution of Cd and Cu mainly affected the transcriptome of the roots in an antagonistic manner. Enrichment analysis indicated that pakchoi roots upregulated the expression of genes involved in glucosetransferase activity, phospholipid homeostasis, proton transport, and the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids to resist Cd and Cu combined pollution. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we identified hub genes related to the accumulation of Cd and Cu in the roots, which mainly belonged to the LBD, thaumatin-like protein, ERF, MYB, WRKY, and TCP transcription factor families. This may reflect a transcription factor-driven trade-off strategy between heavy metal accumulation and growth in pakchoi roots. Additionally, compared to single metal pollution, the expression of genes related to Nramp, cation/H+ antiporters, and some belonging to the ABC transporter family in the pakchoi roots was significantly upregulated under combined pollution. This could lead to increased accumulation of Cd and Cu in the roots. These findings provide new insights into the interactions and toxic mechanisms of multiple metal combined pollution at the molecular level in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirui An
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China; Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Yining Ji
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Sujing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Changcheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, China
| | - Jiamin Pan
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Phan NTH, Van Pham C, Tang HT, Van Nguyen L, Nguyen LV, Bertin P. Integration of genome-wide association studies reveal loci associated with salt tolerance score of rice at the seedling stage. J Appl Genet 2023; 64:603-614. [PMID: 37555917 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-023-00775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Salt threatens rice cultivation in many countries. Hence, breeding new varieties with high salt tolerance is important.A panel of 2,391 rice accessions from the 3 K Rice Genome Project was selected to evaluate salt tolerance via the standard evaluation score (SES) in hydroponics under 60 mM NaCl at the seedling stage. Three sub-population panels including 1,332, 628, and 386 accessions from the original 2,391 ones were constructed based on low relatedness revealed by a phylogenetic tree generated by Archaeopteryx Tree. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted on the entire and sub-population panels using SES data and a selection of 5, 10, 20, and 40% of SNPs selected from the original 1,011,601 SNPs by filtering minor allele frequency > 5% and missing rate < 5%. To perform GWAS, three methods implemented in three different software packages were utilized.Using the integration of GWAS programs, a total of four QTLs associated with SES scores were identified in different panels. Some QTLs co-located with previously detected QTL-related traits. qSES1.1 was detected in three panels, qSES1.3 and qSES2.1 in two panels, and qSES3.1 in one panel through GWAS by all three methods used and selected SNPs. These four QTLs were selected to detect candidate genes. Combining gene-based association study plus haplotype analysis in the entire population and the three sub-populations let us shortlist three candidate genes, viz. LOC_Os01g23640 and LOC_Os01g23680 for qSES1.1, and LOC_Os01g71240 for qSES1.3 region affecting salt tolerance. The identified QTLs and candidate genes provided useful materials and genetic information for future functional characterization and genetic improvement of salt tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung Thi Hong Phan
- Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium.
- Agronomy Faculty, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Cuong Van Pham
- Agronomy Faculty, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hanh Thi Tang
- Agronomy Faculty, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Loc Van Nguyen
- Agronomy Faculty, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Long Viet Nguyen
- Agronomy Faculty, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pierre Bertin
- Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
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Haro R, Lanza M, Aguilella M, Sanz-García E, Benito B. The transportome of the endophyte Serendipita indica in free life and symbiosis with Arabidopsis and its expression in moderate salinity. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1191255. [PMID: 37405164 PMCID: PMC10315484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1191255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Serendipita indica is an endophytic root symbiont fungus that enhances the growth of various plants under different stress conditions, including salinity. Here, the functional characterization of two fungal Na+/H+ antiporters, SiNHA1 and SiNHX1 has been carried out to study their putative role in saline tolerance. Although their gene expression does not respond specifically to saline conditions, they could contribute, together with the previously characterized Na+ efflux systems SiENA1 and SiENA5, to relieve Na+ from the S. indica cytosol under this stressed condition. In parallel, an in-silico study has been carried out to define its complete transportome. To further investigate the repertoire of transporters expressed in free-living cells of S. indica and during plant infection under saline conditions, a comprehensive RNA-seq approach was taken. Interestingly, SiENA5 was the only gene significantly induced under free-living conditions in response to moderate salinity at all the tested time points, revealing that it is one of the main salt-responsive genes of S. indica. In addition, the symbiosis with Arabidopsis thaliana also induced SiENA5 gene expression, but significant changes were only detected after long periods of infection, indicating that the association with the plant somehow buffers and protects the fungus against the external stress. Moreover, the significant and strongest induction of the homologous gene SiENA1 occurred during symbiosis, regardless the exposure to salinity. The obtained results suggest a novel and relevant role of these two proteins during the establishment and maintenance of fungus-plant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Haro
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Lanza
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos Aguilella
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eugenio Sanz-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña Benito
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Pruthi R, Chapagain S, Coronejo S, Singh L, Subudhi PK. Quantitative trait loci, candidate genes, and breeding lines to improve salt tolerance at the flowering and seedling stages in rice. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Pruthi
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Sandeep Chapagain
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Sapphire Coronejo
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Lovepreet Singh
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
| | - Prasant Kumar Subudhi
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Baton Rouge Louisiana USA
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6
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Park CJ, Shin R. Calcium channels and transporters: Roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964059. [PMID: 36161014 PMCID: PMC9493244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) serves as a ubiquitous second messenger by mediating various signaling pathways and responding to numerous environmental conditions in eukaryotes. Therefore, plant cells have developed complex mechanisms of Ca2+ communication across the membrane, receiving the message from their surroundings and transducing the information into cells and organelles. A wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses cause the increase in [Ca2+]cyt as a result of the Ca2+ influx permitted by membrane-localized Ca2+ permeable cation channels such as CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATE CHANNELs (CNGCs), and voltage-dependent HYPERPOLARIZATION-ACTIVATED CALCIUM2+ PERMEABLE CHANNELs (HACCs), as well as GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE RECEPTORs (GLRs) and TWO-PORE CHANNELs (TPCs). Recently, resistosomes formed by some NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT RECEPTORs (NLRs) are also proposed as a new type of Ca2+ permeable cation channels. On the contrary, some Ca2+ transporting membrane proteins, mainly Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+/H+ exchangers, are involved in Ca2+ efflux for removal of the excessive [Ca2+]cyt in order to maintain the Ca2+ homeostasis in cells. The Ca2+ efflux mechanisms mediate the wide ranges of cellular activities responding to external and internal stimuli. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the recent discoveries of various membrane proteins involved in Ca2+ influx and efflux which play an essential role in fine-tuning the processing of information for plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryoung Shin
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
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Hao P, Lv X, Fu M, Xu Z, Tian J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Wu T, Han Z. Long-distance mobile mRNA CAX3 modulates iron uptake and zinc compartmentalization. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e53698. [PMID: 35254714 PMCID: PMC9066076 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202153698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency in plants can lead to excessive absorption of zinc; however, important details of this mechanism have yet to be elucidated. Here, we report that MdCAX3 mRNA is transported from the leaf to the root, and that MdCAX3 is then activated by MdCXIP1. Suppression of MdCAX3 expression leads to an increase in the root apoplastic pH, which is associated with the iron deficiency response. Notably, overexpression of MdCAX3 does not affect the apoplastic pH in a MdCXIP1 loss-of-function Malus baccata (Mb) mutant that has a deletion in the MdCXIP1 promoter. This deletion in Mb weakens MdCXIP1 expression. Co-expression of MdCAX3 and MdCXIP1 in Mb causes a decrease in the root apoplastic pH. Furthermore, suppressing MdCAX3 in Malus significantly reduces zinc vacuole compartmentalization. We also show that MdCAX3 activated by MdCXIP1 is not only involved in iron uptake, but also in regulating zinc detoxification by compartmentalizing zinc in vacuoles to avoid iron starvation-induced zinc toxicity. Thus, mobile MdCAX3 mRNA is involved in the regulation of iron and zinc homeostasis in response to iron starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Arefian M, Antil N, Najar MA, Behera SK, Subba P, Prasad TSK. Identifying Novel Genes and Proteins Involved in Salt Stress Perception and Signaling of Rice Seedlings. OMICS : A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2022; 26:151-164. [PMID: 35073185 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important crops worldwide. Crop production is constrained markedly, however, by abiotic stresses such as salinity. To elucidate early stress response signaling networks involved in rice, we report in this study an original quantitative proteomic analysis of the rice seedlings subjected to short-term salt stress. We detected 570 differentially regulated proteins (DRPs) in the root sample. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that DRPs of the root were mainly involved in membrane trafficking, kinase activity, and ion toxicity responses. Interactome analysis revealed the central role of root proteins involved in membrane trafficking in the early response to salinity, such as cell surface receptor-like kinases (RLKs), phosphatidylinositols (PIs), calcium-dependent protein kinases 1 and 5, calcineurin B-like protein-interacting proteins, protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) inhibitors, and abscisic acid receptors (PYL5/10), indicating activation of S-type anion channel. Furthermore, the proteogenomic analysis revealed 128 unique genome search-specific peptides with high-quality mass spectromety (MS/MS) spectra. We identified 38 novel protein-coding genes, refined the annotation of 17 existing gene models, and suggested several novel stress-responsive proteins, such as RLK5, peroxidase 27, and growth-regulating factor 2. Novel peptides had an ortholog match in the curated protein sequence set of other plant species. In conclusion, this study identifies novel stress-responsive proteins and genes of rice, thus warrant future consideration as candidates for molecular breeding of stress-tolerant crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Arefian
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya, (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Neelam Antil
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya, (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, India
| | - Mohd Altaf Najar
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya, (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya, (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Pratigya Subba
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Center, Yenepoya, (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
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He J, Rössner N, Hoang MTT, Alejandro S, Peiter E. Transport, functions, and interaction of calcium and manganese in plant organellar compartments. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1940-1972. [PMID: 35235665 PMCID: PMC8890496 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) and manganese (Mn2+) are essential elements for plants and have similar ionic radii and binding coordination. They are assigned specific functions within organelles, but share many transport mechanisms to cross organellar membranes. Despite their points of interaction, those elements are usually investigated and reviewed separately. This review takes them out of this isolation. It highlights our current mechanistic understanding and points to open questions of their functions, their transport, and their interplay in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), vesicular compartments (Golgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network, pre-vacuolar compartment), vacuoles, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. Complex processes demanding these cations, such as Mn2+-dependent glycosylation or systemic Ca2+ signaling, are covered in some detail if they have not been reviewed recently or if recent findings add to current models. The function of Ca2+ as signaling agent released from organelles into the cytosol and within the organelles themselves is a recurrent theme of this review, again keeping the interference by Mn2+ in mind. The involvement of organellar channels [e.g. glutamate receptor-likes (GLR), cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC), mitochondrial conductivity units (MCU), and two-pore channel1 (TPC1)], transporters (e.g. natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMP), Ca2+ exchangers (CAX), metal tolerance proteins (MTP), and bivalent cation transporters (BICAT)], and pumps [autoinhibited Ca2+-ATPases (ACA) and ER Ca2+-ATPases (ECA)] in the import and export of organellar Ca2+ and Mn2+ is scrutinized, whereby current controversial issues are pointed out. Mechanisms in animals and yeast are taken into account where they may provide a blueprint for processes in plants, in particular, with respect to tunable molecular mechanisms of Ca2+ versus Mn2+ selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nico Rössner
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Minh T T Hoang
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Santiago Alejandro
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Author for communication:
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The Rice Cation/H + Exchanger Family Involved in Cd Tolerance and Transport. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158186. [PMID: 34360953 PMCID: PMC8348036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal toxic to humans, easily accumulates in rice grains. Rice with unacceptable Cd content has become a serious food safety problem in many rice production regions due to contaminations by industrialization and inappropriate waste management. The development of rice varieties with low grain Cd content is seen as an economic and long-term solution of this problem. The cation/H+ exchanger (CAX) family has been shown to play important roles in Cd uptake, transport and accumulation in plants. Here, we report the characterization of the rice CAX family. The six rice CAX genes all have homologous genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Phylogenetic analysis identified two subfamilies with three rice and three Arabidopsis thaliana genes in both of them. All rice CAX genes have trans-member structures. OsCAX1a and OsCAX1c were localized in the vacuolar while OsCAX4 were localized in the plasma membrane in rice cell. The consequences of qRT-PCR analysis showed that all the six genes strongly expressed in the leaves under the different Cd treatments. Their expression in roots increased in a Cd dose-dependent manner. GUS staining assay showed that all the six rice CAX genes strongly expressed in roots, whereas OsCAX1c and OsCAX4 also strongly expressed in rice leaves. The yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells expressing OsCAX1a, OsCAX1c and OsCAX4 grew better than those expressing the vector control on SD-Gal medium containing CdCl2. OsCAX1a and OsCAX1c enhanced while OsCAX4 reduced Cd accumulation in yeast. No auto-inhibition was found for all the rice CAX genes. Therefore, OsCAX1a, OsCAX1c and OsCAX4 are likely to involve in Cd uptake and translocation in rice, which need to be further validated.
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Ren H, Zhao X, Li W, Hussain J, Qi G, Liu S. Calcium Signaling in Plant Programmed Cell Death. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051089. [PMID: 34063263 PMCID: PMC8147489 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is a process intended for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by eliminating old, damaged, or unwanted cells. In plants, PCD takes place during developmental processes and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In contrast to the field of animal studies, PCD is not well understood in plants. Calcium (Ca2+) is a universal cell signaling entity and regulates numerous physiological activities across all the kingdoms of life. The cytosolic increase in Ca2+ is a prerequisite for the induction of PCD in plants. Although over the past years, we have witnessed significant progress in understanding the role of Ca2+ in the regulation of PCD, it is still unclear how the upstream stress perception leads to the Ca2+ elevation and how the signal is further propagated to result in the onset of PCD. In this review article, we discuss recent advancements in the field, and compare the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD in biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, we discuss the upstream and downstream components of Ca2+ signaling and its crosstalk with other signaling pathways in PCD. The review is expected to provide new insights into the role of Ca2+ signaling in PCD and to identify gaps for future research efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Wenjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
| | - Jamshaid Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Q.); (S.L.)
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (H.R.); (X.Z.); (W.L.)
- Correspondence: (G.Q.); (S.L.)
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12
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Um T, Park T, Shim JS, Kim YS, Lee GS, Choi IY, Kim JK, Seo JS, Park SC. Application of Upstream Open Reading Frames (uORFs) Editing for the Development of Stress-Tolerant Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073743. [PMID: 33916772 PMCID: PMC8038395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Global population growth and climate change are posing increasing challenges to the production of a stable crop supply using current agricultural practices. The generation of genetically modified (GM) crops has contributed to improving crop stress tolerance and productivity; however, many regulations are still in place that limit their commercialization. Recently, alternative biotechnology-based strategies, such as gene-edited (GE) crops, have been in the spotlight. Gene-editing technology, based on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) platform, has emerged as a revolutionary tool for targeted gene mutation, and has received attention as a game changer in the global biotechnology market. Here, we briefly introduce the concept of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) editing, which allows for control of the translation of downstream ORFs, and outline the potential for enhancing target gene expression by mutating uORFs. We discuss the current status of developing stress-tolerant crops, and discuss uORF targets associated with salt stress-responsive genes in rice that have already been verified by transgenic research. Finally, we overview the strategy for developing GE crops using uORF editing via the CRISPR-Cas9 system. A case is therefore made that the mutation of uORFs represents an efficient method for developing GE crops and an expansion of the scope of application of genome editing technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyoung Um
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.U.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Taehyeon Park
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (T.P.); (J.-K.K.)
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Youn Shic Kim
- Agriculture and Life Sciences Research Institute, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (T.U.); (Y.S.K.)
| | - Gang-Seob Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea;
| | - Ik-Young Choi
- Department of Agricultural and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Ju-Kon Kim
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (T.P.); (J.-K.K.)
| | - Jun Sung Seo
- Crop Biotechnology Institute, GreenBio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea; (T.P.); (J.-K.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.S.); (S.C.P.); Tel.: +82-33-339-5826 (J.S.S.); +82-63-238-4584 (S.C.P.)
| | - Soo Chul Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.S.S.); (S.C.P.); Tel.: +82-33-339-5826 (J.S.S.); +82-63-238-4584 (S.C.P.)
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Zheng Y, Wang LB, Sun SF, Liu SY, Liu MJ, Lin J. Phylogenetic and ion-response analyses reveal a relationship between gene expansion and functional divergence in the Ca 2+/cation antiporter family in Angiosperms. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:303-320. [PMID: 33123851 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant CaCA superfamily genes with higher tendency to retain after WGD are more gene expression and function differentiated in ion-response. Plants and animals face different environmental stresses but share conserved Ca2+ signaling pathways, such as Ca2+/Cation transport. The Ca2+/cation antiporters superfamily (CaCAs) is an ancient and widespread family of ion-coupled cation transporters found in all kingdoms of life. We analyzed the molecular evolution progress of the family through comparative genomics and phylogenetics of CaCAs genes from plants and animals, grouping these genes into several families and clades, and identified multiple gene duplication retention events, particularly in the CAX (H+/cation exchanger), CCX (cation/Ca2+ exchanger), and NCL (Na+/Ca2+ exchanger-like) families. The tendency of duplication retention differs between families and gene clades. The gene duplication events were probably the result of whole-genome duplication (WGD) in plants and might have led to functional divergence. Tissue and ion-response expression analyses revealed that CaCAs genes with more highly differentiated expression patterns are more likely to be retained as duplicates than those with more conserved expression profiles. Phenotype of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants showed that loss of genes with a greater tendency to be retained after duplication resulted in more severe growth deficiency. CaCAs genes in salt-tolerant species tended to inherit the expression characteristics of their most recent common ancestral genes, with conservative ion-response expression. This study indicates a possible evolutionary scheme for cation transport and illustrates distinct fates and a mechanism for the evolution of gene duplicates. The increased copy numbers of genes and divergences in expression might have contributed to the divergent functions of CaCAs protein, allowing plants to cope with environmental stresses and adapt to a larger number of ecological niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microorganisms, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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Alejandro S, Höller S, Meier B, Peiter E. Manganese in Plants: From Acquisition to Subcellular Allocation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:300. [PMID: 32273877 PMCID: PMC7113377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an important micronutrient for plant growth and development and sustains metabolic roles within different plant cell compartments. The metal is an essential cofactor for the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) of the photosynthetic machinery, catalyzing the water-splitting reaction in photosystem II (PSII). Despite the importance of Mn for photosynthesis and other processes, the physiological relevance of Mn uptake and compartmentation in plants has been underrated. The subcellular Mn homeostasis to maintain compartmented Mn-dependent metabolic processes like glycosylation, ROS scavenging, and photosynthesis is mediated by a multitude of transport proteins from diverse gene families. However, Mn homeostasis may be disturbed under suboptimal or excessive Mn availability. Mn deficiency is a serious, widespread plant nutritional disorder in dry, well-aerated and calcareous soils, as well as in soils containing high amounts of organic matter, where bio-availability of Mn can decrease far below the level that is required for normal plant growth. By contrast, Mn toxicity occurs on poorly drained and acidic soils in which high amounts of Mn are rendered available. Consequently, plants have evolved mechanisms to tightly regulate Mn uptake, trafficking, and storage. This review provides a comprehensive overview, with a focus on recent advances, on the multiple functions of transporters involved in Mn homeostasis, as well as their regulatory mechanisms in the plant's response to different conditions of Mn availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Alejandro
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
| | | | | | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Salle), Germany
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15
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Characterization and Expression Analysis of the Ca 2+/Cation Antiporter Gene Family in Tomatoes. PLANTS 2019; 9:plants9010025. [PMID: 31878106 PMCID: PMC7020160 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Ca2+/cation antiporter (CaCA) superfamily plays an important role in the regulation of the essential element Ca2+ and cation concentrations. Characterization and expression analyses of CaCA superfamily genes were performed in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) as a representative of dicotyledonous plants and fruit crops. Sixteen CaCA candidate genes were found and identified as tomato CaCA, SlCaCA, by a domain search. In a phylogenetic analysis of the SlCaCA superfamily, the 16 genes were classified into SlCAX, SlNCL, SlCCX, and SlMHX families. Among them, Solyc12g011070, belonging to the SlCAX family, had four splice variants, three of which were predicted to be nonfunctional because of a lack of important motifs. EF-hand domains were only found in SlNCL, in addition to consensus Na_Ca_ex domains, and the region containing EF-hand domains was characteristically long in some members of SlNCL. Furthermore, four genes of the SlCCX family were found to be intronless. As for intracellular localization, one SlCCX member was predicted to be localized to the plasma membrane, while other SlCCXs, SlCAXs, and SlMHXs were predicted to be localized to the vacuolar membrane. The expression patterns of SlCaCAs in various organs, including during several developmental stages of fruit, were classified into four groups. Genes involved in each of the SlCAX, SlNCL, and SlCCX gene families were categorized into three or four groups according to expression patterns, suggesting role sharing within each family. The main member in each subfamily and the members with characteristic fruit expression patterns included genes whose expression was regulated by sugar or auxin and that were highly expressed in a line having metabolite-rich fruit.
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16
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Chen S, Liu Y, Deng Y, Liu Y, Dong M, Tian Y, Sun H, Li Y. Cloning and functional analysis of the VcCXIP4 and VcYSL6 genes as Cd-regulating genes in blueberry. Gene 2019; 686:104-117. [PMID: 30391441 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Blueberries (Vaccinium ssp.) show relatively high resistance to pollution and have been reported to successfully colonize acid and heavy metal-contaminated soils. Blueberries were subjected to cadmium stress using a simulated pot-culture method. The intact CDS regions of VcCXIP4 and VcYSL6 were obtained, VcCXIP4 was located in the nucleus, while VcYSL6 was located in the chloroplast. Both genes were constructed into a modified plant expression vector pCambia1301 for tobacco transformation with agrobacterium infection methods. Results showed that VcCXIP4 did not function alone in regulating cadmium (Cd) transport. Cd content of Cd in the leaves of VcYSL6 transgenic tobacco by 15.57% under high Cd concentration. Both, VcCXIP4 and VcYSL6 genes were up-regulated under Cd stress. Blueberry primarily accumulated excess Cd in the root, but Cd content in the fruit was almost independent of Cd content in the soil. Further, the effect of soil Cd content on fruit Cd content was not significant. VcCXIP4 is likely to interact with other proteins to regulate excess Cd in blueberry, while VcYSL6 is a Cd transporter required for excess Cd detoxification in blueberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Chen
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China; College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, PR China
| | - Yushan Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Yu Deng
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Mei Dong
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Youwen Tian
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Haiyue Sun
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China.
| | - Yadong Li
- College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China.
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Frouin J, Languillaume A, Mas J, Mieulet D, Boisnard A, Labeyrie A, Bettembourg M, Bureau C, Lorenzini E, Portefaix M, Turquay P, Vernet A, Périn C, Ahmadi N, Courtois B. Tolerance to mild salinity stress in japonica rice: A genome-wide association mapping study highlights calcium signaling and metabolism genes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190964. [PMID: 29342194 PMCID: PMC5771603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity tolerance is an important quality for European rice grown in river deltas. We evaluated the salinity tolerance of a panel of 235 temperate japonica rice accessions genotyped with 30,000 SNP markers. The panel was exposed to mild salt stress (50 mM NaCl; conductivity of 6 dS m-1) at the seedling stage. Eight different root and shoot growth parameters were measured for both the control and stressed treatments. The Na+ and K+ mass fractions of the stressed plants were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The salt treatment affected plant growth, particularly the shoot parameters. The panel showed a wide range of Na+/K+ ratio and the temperate accessions were distributed over an increasing axis, from the most resistant to the most susceptible checks. We conducted a genome-wide association study on indices of stress response and ion mass fractions in the leaves using a classical mixed model controlling structure and kinship. A total of 27 QTLs validated by sub-sampling were identified. For indices of stress responses, we also used another model that focused on marker × treatment interactions and detected 50 QTLs, three of which were also identified using the classical method. We compared the positions of the significant QTLs to those of approximately 300 genes that play a role in rice salt tolerance. The positions of several QTLs were close to those of genes involved in calcium signaling and metabolism, while other QTLs were close to those of kinases. These results reveal the salinity tolerance of accessions with a temperate japonica background. Although the detected QTLs must be confirmed by other approaches, the number of associations linked to candidate genes involved in calcium-mediated ion homeostasis highlights pathways to explore in priority to understand the salinity tolerance of temperate rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Frouin
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Languillaume
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Justine Mas
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Mieulet
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Axel Labeyrie
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathilde Bettembourg
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Charlotte Bureau
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Eve Lorenzini
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Muriel Portefaix
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Patricia Turquay
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurore Vernet
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Périn
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Nourollah Ahmadi
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
| | - Brigitte Courtois
- Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Unité mixte de recherche Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Taneja M, Tyagi S, Sharma S, Upadhyay SK. Ca 2+/Cation Antiporters (CaCA): Identification, Characterization and Expression Profiling in Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1775. [PMID: 27965686 PMCID: PMC5124604 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Ca2+/cation antiporters (CaCA) superfamily proteins play vital function in Ca2+ ion homeostasis, which is an important event during development and defense response. Molecular characterization of these proteins has been performed in certain plants, but they are still not characterized in Triticum aestivum (bread wheat). Herein, we identified 34 TaCaCA superfamily proteins, which were classified into TaCAX, TaCCX, TaNCL, and TaMHX protein families based on their structural organization and evolutionary relation with earlier reported proteins. Since the T. aestivum comprises an allohexaploid genome, TaCaCA genes were derived from each A, B, and D subgenome and homeologous chromosome (HC), except chromosome-group 1. Majority of genes were derived from more than one HCs in each family that were considered as homeologous genes (HGs) due to their high similarity with each other. These HGs showed comparable gene and protein structures in terms of exon/intron organization and domain architecture. Majority of TaCaCA proteins comprised two Na_Ca_ex domains. However, TaNCLs consisted of an additional EF-hand domain with calcium binding motifs. Each TaCaCA protein family consisted of about 10 transmembrane and two α-repeat regions with specifically conserved signature motifs except TaNCL, which had single α-repeat. Variable expression of most of the TaCaCA genes during various developmental stages suggested their specified role in development. However, constitutively high expression of a few genes like TaCAX1-A and TaNCL1-B indicated their role throughout the plant growth and development. The modulated expression of certain genes during biotic (fungal infections) and abiotic stresses (heat, drought, salt) suggested their role in stress response. Majority of TaCCX and TaNCL family genes were found highly affected during various abiotic stresses. However, the role of individual gene needs to be established. The present study unfolded the opportunity for detail functional characterization of TaCaCA proteins and their utilization in future crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Taneja
- Department of Botany, Panjab UniversityChandigarh, India
| | - Shivi Tyagi
- Department of Botany, Panjab UniversityChandigarh, India
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Hwang JE, Jang DS, Lee KJ, Ahn JW, Kim SH, Kang SY, Kim DS, Kim JB. Identification of gamma ray irradiation-induced mutations in membrane transport genes in a rice population by TILLING. Genes Genet Syst 2016; 91:245-256. [PMID: 27582185 DOI: 10.1266/ggs.15-00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-salt environment represents environmental stress for most plants. Those that can grow and thrive in such an environment must have membrane transport systems that can respond effectively. Plant roots absorb Na+ from the soil, and the plant must maintain Na+ homeostasis to survive salt stress. A major mechanism by which salt-tolerant plants adapt to salt stress is through modulation of ion transport genes. We have subjected a population of rice plants to mutagenesis, and identified lines with both single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in membrane transport genes and altered responses to salt stress. Primers labeled with FAM or HEX fluorescent dyes were designed for nine target genes encoding membrane transport proteins that are believed to regulate salt stress tolerance. A TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genome) assay was performed on 2,961 M2 rice mutant lines using electrophoresis. After the TILLING assay, a total of 41 mutant lines containing SNPs in the target genes were identified and screened. The average number of mutations per gene was 1/492 kb in lines having SNPs, and the percentage of mutation sites per total sequence was 0.67. Among the 41 lines, nine had altered sequences in the exon region of the genes. Of these nine lines, seven were tolerant to salt stress after exposure to 170 mM NaCl for three weeks, while the other two lines were not more salt-tolerant than the control lines. Furthermore, five mutant lines containing SNPs in the coding region of OsAKT1, OsHKT6, OsNSCC2, OsHAK11 and OsSOS1 showed changed expression levels for each gene. We conclude that variation in membrane transport genes, such as expression levels and protein structures, may affect the rice plant's tolerance to salt stress. These mutations represent traits that may be selected for large rice mutant populations, permitting efficient acquisition of salt-tolerant lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Hwang
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI)
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20
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Pittman JK, Hirschi KD. CAX-ing a wide net: Cation/H(+) transporters in metal remediation and abiotic stress signalling. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:741-9. [PMID: 27061644 PMCID: PMC4982074 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cation/proton exchangers (CAXs) are a class of secondary energised ion transporter that are being implicated in an increasing range of cellular and physiological functions. CAXs are primarily Ca(2+) efflux transporters that mediate the sequestration of Ca(2+) from the cytosol, usually into the vacuole. Some CAX isoforms have broad substrate specificity, providing the ability to transport trace metal ions such as Mn(2+) and Cd(2+) , as well as Ca(2+) . In recent years, genomic analyses have begun to uncover the expansion of CAXs within the green lineage and their presence within non-plant species. Although there appears to be significant conservation in tertiary structure of CAX proteins, there is diversity in function of CAXs between species and individual isoforms. For example, in halophytic plants, CAXs have been recruited to play a role in salt tolerance, while in metal hyperaccumulator plants CAXs are implicated in cadmium transport and tolerance. CAX proteins are involved in various abiotic stress response pathways, in some cases as a modulator of cytosolic Ca(2+) signalling, but in some situations there is evidence of CAXs acting as a pH regulator. The metal transport and abiotic stress tolerance functions of CAXs make them attractive targets for biotechnology, whether to provide mineral nutrient biofortification or toxic metal bioremediation. The study of non-plant CAXs may also provide insight into both conserved and novel transport mechanisms and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. K. Pittman
- Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - K. D. Hirschi
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research CenterBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA
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Wilkins KA, Matthus E, Swarbreck SM, Davies JM. Calcium-Mediated Abiotic Stress Signaling in Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1296. [PMID: 27621742 PMCID: PMC5002411 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Roots are subjected to a range of abiotic stresses as they forage for water and nutrients. Cytosolic free calcium is a common second messenger in the signaling of abiotic stress. In addition, roots take up calcium both as a nutrient and to stimulate exocytosis in growth. For calcium to fulfill its multiple roles must require strict spatio-temporal regulation of its uptake and efflux across the plasma membrane, its buffering in the cytosol and its sequestration or release from internal stores. This prompts the question of how specificity of signaling output can be achieved against the background of calcium's other uses. Threats to agriculture such as salinity, water availability and hypoxia are signaled through calcium. Nutrient deficiency is also emerging as a stress that is signaled through cytosolic free calcium, with progress in potassium, nitrate and boron deficiency signaling now being made. Heavy metals have the capacity to trigger or modulate root calcium signaling depending on their dose and their capacity to catalyze production of hydroxyl radicals. Mechanical stress and cold stress can both trigger an increase in root cytosolic free calcium, with the possibility of membrane deformation playing a part in initiating the calcium signal. This review addresses progress in identifying the calcium transporting proteins (particularly channels such as annexins and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels) that effect stress-induced calcium increases in roots and explores links to reactive oxygen species, lipid signaling, and the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
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Sun M, Jia B, Cui N, Wen Y, Duanmu H, Yu Q, Xiao J, Sun X, Zhu Y. Functional characterization of a Glycine soja Ca(2+)ATPase in salt-alkaline stress responses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 90:419-434. [PMID: 26801329 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0426-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that Ca(2+)ATPase family proteins play important roles in plant environmental stress responses. However, up to now, most researches are limited in the reference plants Arabidopsis and rice. The function of Ca(2+)ATPases from non-reference plants was rarely reported, especially its regulatory role in carbonate alkaline stress responses. Hence, in this study, we identified the P-type II Ca(2+)ATPase family genes in soybean genome, determined their chromosomal location and gene architecture, and analyzed their amino acid sequence and evolutionary relationship. Based on above results, we pointed out the existence of gene duplication for soybean Ca(2+)ATPases. Then, we investigated the expression profiles of the ACA subfamily genes in wild soybean (Glycine soja) under carbonate alkaline stress, and functionally characterized one representative gene GsACA1 by using transgenic alfalfa. Our results suggested that GsACA1 overexpression in alfalfa obviously increased plant tolerance to both carbonate alkaline and neutral salt stresses, as evidenced by lower levels of membrane permeability and MDA content, but higher levels of SOD activity, proline concentration and chlorophyll content under stress conditions. Taken together, for the first time, we reported a P-type II Ca(2+)ATPase from wild soybean, GsACA1, which could positively regulate plant tolerance to both carbonate alkaline and neutral salt stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Cui
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Huizi Duanmu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Crop Stress Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Gene, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Yamada N, Theerawitaya C, Kageyama H, Cha-Um S, Takabe T. Expression of developmentally regulated plasma membrane polypeptide (DREPP2) in rice root tip and interaction with Ca(2+)/CaM complex and microtubule. PROTOPLASMA 2015; 252:1519-1527. [PMID: 25743039 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic free Ca(2+) could play an important role for salt tolerance in rice root (Oryza sativa L.). Here, we compared the expression profiles of two putative developmentally regulated plasma membrane polypeptides (DREPP1 and DREPP2) in rice roots of salt-tolerant cv. Pokkali and salt-sensitive cv. IR29. The messenger RNA (mRNA) for OsDREPP1 could be detected in all parts of root and did not change upon salt stress, whereas the mRNA for OsDREPP2 was detected only in root tips. The transcript level of OsDREPP2 first disappeared upon salt stress, then recovered in Pokkali, but not recovered in IR29. The gene-encoding OsDREPP2 was cloned from cv. Pokkali and expressed in Escherichia coli, and its biochemical properties were studied. It was found that OsDREPP2 is a Ca(2+)-binding protein and binds also to calmodulin (CaM) as well as microtubules. The mutation of Trp4 and Phe16 in OsDREPP2 to Ala decreased the binding of DREPP2 to Ca(2+)/CaM complex, indicating the N-terminal basic domain is involved for the binding. The binding of OsDREPP2 to microtubules was inhibited by Ca(2+)/CaM complex, while the binding of double-mutant OsDREPP2 protein to microtubules was not inhibited by Ca(2+)/CaM complex. We propose that CaM inhibits the binding of DREPP2 to cortical microtubules, causes the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization, and enhances the cell elongation.
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MESH Headings
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calmodulin/metabolism
- Cell Shape
- Cloning, Molecular
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
- Genotype
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Meristem/enzymology
- Meristem/genetics
- Meristem/growth & development
- Microtubules/metabolism
- Mutation
- Oryza/enzymology
- Oryza/genetics
- Oryza/growth & development
- Phenotype
- Plant Proteins/genetics
- Plant Proteins/metabolism
- Plants, Genetically Modified/enzymology
- Plants, Genetically Modified/genetics
- Plants, Genetically Modified/growth & development
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Plant/genetics
- RNA, Plant/metabolism
- Salt Tolerance/genetics
- Salt-Tolerant Plants/enzymology
- Salt-Tolerant Plants/genetics
- Salt-Tolerant Plants/growth & development
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Yamada
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, BIOTEC, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | | | - Hakuto Kageyama
- Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan
| | - Suriyan Cha-Um
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, BIOTEC, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Teruhiro Takabe
- Graduate School of Environmental and Human Sciences, Meijo University, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan.
- Research Institute, Meijo University, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 468-8502, Japan.
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