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Barman M, Ray S. Cytogenotoxic effects of 3-epicaryoptin in Allium cepa L. root apical meristem cells. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1163-1177. [PMID: 36735079 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Diterpenoid 3-epicaryoptin (C26H36O9) is abundant in the leaves of Clerodendrum inerme, a traditionally used medicinal plant, and has insect antifeedant activities. Here, we aim to explore the cytogenotoxic effects of compound 3-epicaryoptin in Allium cepa root apical meristem cells. 3-epicaryoptin (concentrations of 100, 150, and 200 µg mL-1) and the standard compound colchicine (200 µg mL-1) were applied to A. cepa roots for 2, 4, and 4 + 16 h (4-h treatment followed by 16-h recovery). Cytogenotoxicity was analyzed by studying the root growth retardation (RGR), mitotic index (MI), and chromosomal aberrations. The result showed statistically significant (p < 0.01), concentration-dependent RGR effects of 3-epicaryoptin treatment compared with the negative control. A study of cell frequency in different phases of cell division observed a significant (p < 0.001) increase in the metaphase cell percentage (66.2 ± 0.58%, 150 µg mL-1), which subsequently caused an increase in the frequency of MI (12.29 ± 0.34%, 150 µg mL-1) at 4 h of 3-epicaryoptin treatment and that was comparable with the colchicine action. The cytological study revealed that the 3-epicaryoptin treatment could induce different types of chromosomal abnormalities, such as colchicine-like metaphase, vagrant chromosomes, sticky chromosomes, anaphase bridge, lagging chromosomes, multipolar anaphase-telophase, and an increased frequency of micronuclei and polyploid cells. These findings indicate that 3-epicaryoptin is cytogenotoxic, and thus, C. inerme should be used with caution in traditional medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabendu Barman
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman-713104, Golapbag, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanjib Ray
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Purba Bardhaman-713104, Golapbag, West Bengal, India.
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Tu Y, Shen J, Peng Z, Xu Y, Li Z, Liang J, Wei Q, Zhao H, Huang J. Biochar-Dual Oxidant Composite Particles Alleviate the Oxidative Stress of Phenolic Acid on Tomato Seed Germination. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040910. [PMID: 37107285 PMCID: PMC10136075 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acid is a well-known allelochemical, but also a pollutant in soil and water impeding crop production. Biochar is a multifunctional material widely used to mitigate the phenolic acids allelopathic effect. However, phenolic acid absorbed by biochar can still be released. In order to improve the removal efficiency of phenolic acids by biochar, the biochar-dual oxidant (BDO) composite particles were synthesized in this study, and the underlying mechanism of the BDO particles in ameliorating p-coumaric acid (p-CA) oxidative damage to tomato seed germination was revealed. Upon p-CA treatment, the BDO composite particles application increased the radical length, radical surface area, and germination index by 95.0%, 52.8%, and 114.6%, respectively. Compared to using biochar or oxidants alone, the BDO particles addition resulted in a higher removal rate of p-CA and produced more O2•-, HO•, SO4•- and 1O2 radicals via autocatalytic action, suggesting that BDO particles removed phenolic acid by both adsorption and free radical oxidation. The addition of BDO particles maintained the levels of the antioxidant enzyme activity close to the control, and reduced the malondialdehyde and H2O2 by 49.7% and 49.5%, compared to the p-CA treatment. Integrative metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed that 14 key metabolites and 62 genes were involved in phenylalanine and linoleic acid metabolism, which increased dramatically under p-CA stress but down-regulated with the addition of BDO particles. This study proved that the use of BDO composite particles could alleviate the oxidative stress of phenolic acid on tomato seeds. The findings will provide unprecedented insights into the application and mechanism of such composite particles as continuous cropping soil conditioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Tu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinchun Shen
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhiping Peng
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yanggui Xu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhuxian Li
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianyi Liang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qiufang Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jichuan Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Ain Q, Mushtaq W, Shadab M, Siddiqui MB. Allelopathy: an alternative tool for sustainable agriculture. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:495-511. [PMID: 37187777 PMCID: PMC10172429 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Population increase, poverty, environmental degradation, and the use of synthetic herbicides are interdependent and closely linked and hence influence global food safety and stability of world agriculture. On the one hand, varied weeds, insects, and other pests have caused a tremendous loss in agricultural crop productivity annually. On the other hand, the use of synthetic insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and other pesticides significantly disturbed the ecology of biotic communities in agricultural and natural ecosystems. Eventually, it destroyed the ecological balance in food chains. Interestingly, natural products released by the plants (allelochemicals) are secondary metabolites involved in ecological interactions and could be an important source of alternative agrochemicals. Mainly released by the plants as an outcome of acquaintances with other plants in their vicinity, these allelochemicals can also be used as eco-friendly substitutes for synthetic herbicides and other pesticides. Despite these facts, agrochemicals are either preferred over allelochemicals or the latter are not known in the direction of their use in achieving sustainability in agriculture. Given this, considering recent reports, this paper aims to: (1) emphasize allelochemicals; (2) overview the major biochemistry of allelochemicals; (3) critically discuss the role of allelopathy (and underlying major mechanisms) in the management of noxious weeds, insect pests, and major plant pathogens; and (4) enlighten the significant aspects so far not or least explored in the current context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quratul Ain
- Allelopathy Laboratory, Botany Department, Aligarh Muslin University, Aligarh, 202002 India
| | - Waseem Mushtaq
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Molecules, Agrobiotech Gembloux, Liege University, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Mo Shadab
- Allelopathy Laboratory, Botany Department, Aligarh Muslin University, Aligarh, 202002 India
| | - M. B. Siddiqui
- Allelopathy Laboratory, Botany Department, Aligarh Muslin University, Aligarh, 202002 India
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Rahaman F, Shukor Juraimi A, Rafii MY, Uddin K, Hassan L, Chowdhury AK, Karim SMR, Yusuf Rini B, Yusuff O, Bashar HMK, Hossain A. Allelopathic potential in rice - a biochemical tool for plant defence against weeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1072723. [PMID: 36589133 PMCID: PMC9795009 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1072723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a key crop for meeting the global food demand and ensuring food security. However, the crop has been facing great problems to combat the weed problem. Synthetic herbicides pose a severe threat to the long-term viability of agricultural output, agroecosystems, and human health. Allelochemicals, secondary metabolites of allelopathic plants, are a powerful tool for biological and eco-friendly weed management. The dynamics of weed species in various situations are determined by crop allelopathy. Phenolics and momilactones are the most common allelochemicals responsible for herbicidal effects in rice. The dispersion of allelochemicals is influenced not only by crop variety but also by climatic conditions. The most volatile chemicals, such as terpenoids, are usually emitted by crop plants in drought-stricken areas whereas the plants in humid zones release phytotoxins that are hydrophilic in nature, including phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The allelochemicals can disrupt the biochemical and physiological processes in weeds causing them to die finally. This study insight into the concepts of allelopathy and allelochemicals, types of allelochemicals, techniques of investigating allelopathic potential in rice, modes of action of allelochemicals, pathways of allelochemical production in plants, biosynthesis of allelochemicals in rice, factors influencing the production of allelochemicals in plants, genetical manipulation through breeding to develop allelopathic traits in rice, the significance of rice allelopathy in sustainable agriculture, etc. Understanding these biological phenomena may thus aid in the development of new and novel weed-control tactics while allowing farmers to manage weeds in an environmentally friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdoushi Rahaman
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Shukor Juraimi
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Y. Rafii
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Uddin
- Department of Land Management, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Lutful Hassan
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Abul Kashem Chowdhury
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - Bashir Yusuf Rini
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Oladosu Yusuff
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - H. M. Khairul Bashar
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Malaysia
- On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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Alternative Control of Tomato Wilt Using the Aqueous Extract of Calotropis procera. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Calotropis procera (Aiton) Dryand (commonly known as the apple of sodom, calotrope, and giant milkweed) is an evergreen, perennial shrub of the Apocynaceae family, and is mainly found in arid and semi-arid regions. Previous studies have established the toxic effects of Calotropis procera (C. procera) (Aiton). Its extract is used as one of the vital alternatives to pesticides due to its effective impacts on several pathogens and to combat insect pests that cause severe damage to several crops, but so far, its effects on combating Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) have not yet been evaluated. Therefore, the current study focuses on evaluating the effects of the aqueous extract of this plant on FOL by studying physicochemical indicators. In Saudi Arabia and many other countries, such disease is considered as one of the critical factors affecting tomato growth and production. For the control of Fusarium wilt disease (Fwd), many strategies have been developed, but are limited in their use. Ten isolates of the pathogens were obtained from diseased tomato plants. These isolates were able to exhibit symptoms of tomato wilt, and they varied in their virulence. Isolate No. 5 caused the highest severity of the disease (73%). According to these results, we used this isolate in the following experiment, which was identified by ITS sequences as F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Following intensive screening studies, we selected aqueous plant extract of C. procera to study its effectiveness against Fwd of tomato plants and their antifungal activity or induce systemic resistance in plants. All concentrations of C. procera extracts suppressed growth of the pathogen. The highest reduction of mycelia growth was obtained by aqueous extract at 15%, it reduced the pathogen growth to 70.2%, relative to the control. In greenhouse conditions, the aqueous C. procera extract at 5, 10, and 15% significantly reduced Fwd of the tomato compared to the infected control (52.01, 69.86, and 83.6%, respectively). The use of aqueous C. procera extract at 5, 10, and 15% significantly enhanced the fresh and dry weight of tomato plants (g plant−1) compared to inoculated plants (for fresh weight: 50, 66.6, and 86.6 and for dry weight: 60, 100, and 120%, respectively). Total phenols and flavonoids as well as antioxidant enzymes were increased in inoculated or non-inoculated tomato plants after being treated with aqueous extracts of C. procera.
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Anwar S, Naseem S, Karimi S, Asi MR, Akrem A, Ali Z. Bioherbicidal Activity and Metabolic Profiling of Potent Allelopathic Plant Fractions Against Major Weeds of Wheat-Way Forward to Lower the Risk of Synthetic Herbicides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:632390. [PMID: 34567017 PMCID: PMC8461335 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.632390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The productivity of major field crops is highly compromised due to weed infestation. Inefficient weed management practices and undue and excessive use of chemical herbicides have drastically contaminated the environment and human health, in addition to resistance development in weed species. Therefore, utilization of allelopathic plants to explore phytochemicals as potent organic alternatives to such chemical herbicides has become indispensable. The current study evaluates the comparative bio-herbicidal potential of methanolic extracts of castor (Ricinus communis), artemisia (Artemisia santolinifolia), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) to suppress growth of major weeds, i.e., wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis), Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), and carrot grass (Parthenium hysterophorus). The results demonstrated a concentration-dependent effect on weeds' growth. Overall, in vitro seed germination was reduced from 60 to 100% in response to 5% (w/v) extract concentration. Significant reduction in radicle length, hypocotyl length, and fresh biomass of the weeds was also observed. A strong inhibitory effect was seen in in vivo pot experiments, revealing that application of 10-20% methanolic extracts induced permanent wilting and substantial reduction in the chlorophyll content of weeds along with 20-80% increase in oxidative stress. Artemisia showed the most significant allelopathic effect, on account of highest phenolic and flavonoid contents, followed by castor, wheat, and sorghum, against S. arvensis, L. multiflorum, and P. hysterophorus, respectively. Phytochemical analysis, through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), also exhibited a correlation between extract's phytotoxicity and their antioxidant potential due to their major constituents (rutin, quercetin, catechin, gallic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, and sinapic acid), among the total of 13 identified in methanolic fractions. Comprehensive profiling of allelochemicals with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) determined 120, 113, 90, and 50 derivates of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and alkaloids, reported for the first time through this study, demonstrating significant allelopathic potential of the targeted plant fractions, which can be explored further to develop a sustainable bio-herbicidal formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobia Anwar
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Pharming Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Naseem
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Pharming Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saira Karimi
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Pharming Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahmed Akrem
- Department of Botany, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Ali
- Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Pharming Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abeed AHA, Ali M, Ali EF, Majrashi A, Eissa MA. Induction of Catharanthus roseus Secondary Metabolites When Calotropis procera Was Used as Bio-Stimulant. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081623. [PMID: 34451668 PMCID: PMC8398584 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Available information associated with Calotropis procera posted its phytotoxic effect as bio-herbicide scarce works studied its stimulatory/nutritive effect. A pot experiment was performed to assess the validity of using Calotropis procera (C. procera) leaves extract as a bio-stimulant for the growth and quality of a medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) evaluated by some physio-biochemical indices. Different types of C. procera leaves extracts (CLEs) (methanolic, cold water and autoclaved water extracts) were delivered by two different modes of application. The results revealed that application of CLEs as irrigation or foliar spraying caused a stimulation effect on C. roseus plant. Root and shoot length, dry and fresh weight were significantly improved due to CLEs applications. C. roseus bioactive molecules such as anthocyanins, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione and α-tocopherol were abundance increased significantly with CLEs applications. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) decreased explaining the involvement of CLEs in induction of antioxidant enzymes catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase for modifying cell oxidative status witnessed by lower lipid peroxidation that kept below the untreated plants’ baseline reflected the improvement of growth and quality rather than phytotoxic effect. The promotion of wholesome-promoting secondary metabolites by CLEs was closely correlated to elevated phenylalanineammonialyase activity. The comparable efficient effect induced by all treatments might be judged by the relation between C. procera phytochemicals and C. roseus metabolism (donor-receiver relation). It is concluded that application of CLEs can be a promising approach for improving the yield and quality of plants despite using polluting fertilizers. The current investigation may provide a matrix for coming studies to seek illustration of numerous plants’ response to C. procera extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany H. A. Abeed
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt;
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank, Desert Research Center, Department of Genetic Resources, Cairo 11753, Egypt;
| | - Esmat F. Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (E.F.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Ali Majrashi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (E.F.A.); (A.M.)
| | - Mamdouh A. Eissa
- Department of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Lal R, Kaur A, Kaur S, Batish DR, Singh HP, Sharma M, Kohli RK. Nature of phytotoxic interference of alien weed 'Calyptocarpus vialis' against some crop plants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:334. [PMID: 33973105 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Calyptocarpus vialis (syn. Synedrella vialis; Asteraceae), a native of the tropical Americas, has acquired an invasive status in the eastern Asia and Africa and, of late, in India. It is an annual herbaceous weed that forms a dominant ground cover due to its prostrate expansion and interferes with the growth of other plant species. However, the reasons for this interference are largely unknown. Therefore, we examined the allelopathic interference of C. vialis via leachation and residue degradation on the emergence, growth, and development of three crop species (Brassica nigra, Triticum aestivum, and Avena sativa). In a laboratory bioassay, the leachates (0.5-4%) of C. vialis exhibited a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on various growth parameters of the test plants. Similarly, under screenhouse, C. vialis-amended soil (1-4%) affected the growth of test species in a dose-dependent manner. Further, the phytotoxicity of the residues of C. vialis was examined using rhizospheric soil (RS) and residue-amended soil (RAS). It was observed that RAS exerted the maximum allelopathic effect on the test species accompanied by significant changes in pH, electrical conductivity, and total water-soluble phenolic content, as compared with the control soil (CS) and RS. Liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of eleven allelochemicals as the major phytotoxins. The study demonstrated that C. vialis exerts strong phytotoxic effects on other plants through the release of potent allelochemicals, both via leachation and residue degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roop Lal
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Amarpreet Kaur
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Shalinder Kaur
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
| | - Daizy Rani Batish
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Mansi Sharma
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| | - Ravinder K Kohli
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
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Li B, Yin Y, Kang L, Feng L, Liu Y, Du Z, Tian Y, Zhang L. A review: Application of allelochemicals in water ecological restoration--algal inhibition. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:128869. [PMID: 33218724 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Problems caused by harmful algal blooms have attracted worldwide attention due to their severe harm to aquatic ecosystems, prompting researchers to study applicable measures to inhibit the growth of algae. Allelochemicals, as secondary metabolites secreted by plants, have excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, obvious algal inhibiting effect and little ecological harm, and have promising application prospect in the field of water ecological restoration. This review summarized the research progress of allelochemicals, including (i) definition, development, and classification, (ii) influencing factors and mechanism of algal inhibition, (iii) the preparation methods of algal inhibitors based on allelochemicals. The future research directions of allelochemicals sustained-released microspheres (SRMs) were also prospected. In the future, it is urgent to explore more efficient allelochemicals, to study the regulation mechanism of allelochemicals in natural water bodies, and to improve the preparation method of allelopathic algal suppressant. This paper proposed a feasible direction for the development of allelochemicals SRMs which exhibited certain guiding significance for their application in water ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benhang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yijun Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Longfei Kang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yongze Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yajun Tian
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Ecoremediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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10
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Ming Y, Hu GX, Li J, Zhu ZJ, Fan XM, Yuan DY. Allelopathic Effects of Castanea henryi Aqueous Extracts on the Growth and Physiology of Brassica pekinensis and Zea mays. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000135. [PMID: 32249503 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of Castanea henryi litter on the growth and physiological responses of Brassica pekinensis and Zea mays. Treatment with high concentrations of leaf extract (0.05 g/ml for B. pekinensis and 0.10 g/ml for Z. mays) significantly increased malonaldehyde content and reduced seed germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll content, and the activity levels of antioxidant enzymes. These effects generally increased with increasing extract concentration. However, in Z. mays, low extract concentrations actually promoted seed germination, shoot growth, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The allelopathic effects of the various C. henryi extracts decreased as follows: leaf extract > twig extract > shell extract. Eleven potential allelochemicals including rutin, quercetin, luteolin, procyanidin A2, kaempferol, allantoin, propionic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, methylmalonic acid, and gentisic acid were identified in the leaves of C. henryi which were linked to the strongest allelopathic effects. These findings suggest that the allelopathic effects of C. henryi differ depending on receptor plant species, and that leaves are the most allelopathic litter in C. henryi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ming
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Xing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China
| | - Zhou-Jun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Fan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China
| | - De-Yi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-Wood Forest Trees of Ministry of Education, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Non-Wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, P. R. China
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11
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Al Sulaibi MAM, Thiemann C, Thiemann T. Chemical Constituents and Uses of Calotropis Procera and Calotropis Gigantea – A Review (Part I – The Plants as Material and Energy Resources). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874842202007010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The traditional and current use of Calotropis procera and C. gigantea, two soft-wooded, xerophytic shrubs of the family Apocynaceae, are reviewed against the background of the plants' chemical constituents and their biological properties. The focus is on the usage of the plants for building materials, natural pesticides, animal feed and bioremediative purposes.
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12
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Avelar Amado P, Fonsêca Castro AH, Samúdio Santos Zanuncio V, Stein VC, Brentan da Silva D, Alves Rodrigues Dos Santos Lima L. Assessment of allelopathic, cytotoxic, genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of Smilax brasiliensis Sprengel leaves. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110310. [PMID: 32061987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Smilax brasiliensis (Smilacaceae) is a native Brazilian plant found in the Cerrado biome and commonly used in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the allelopathic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and antigenotoxic potential of extract and fractions of Smilax brasiliensis leaves. Quercetin and rutin isomers were observed in the subfractions. The dichloromethane fraction (1000 μg/mL) decreased lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seed vigor, while and ethyl acetate and hydromethanol fractions (1000 μg/mL) affected the germination, and quercetin and rutin affected the vigor and germination of onion seeds. The extract, fractions, quercetin, and rutin inhibited or promoted lettuce hypocotyl and radicle growth. The extract and fractions inhibited onion hypocotyl growth at all concentrations. With regards to radicle growth, the results were diversified: growth was either inhibited or promoted. Rutin and quercetin inhibited onion hypocotyl and radicle growth at all concentrations. The extract and fractions of Smilax brasiliensis, rutin, and quercetin did not cause cytotoxic effect evaluated by mitotic index. The extract and fractions showed genotoxic effects. Quercetin and rutin did not cause genotoxic effects. On the other hand, the extract and fractions showed antigenotoxic effects at all tested concentrations, where they were able to revert chromosomal abnormalities caused by glyphosate. However, additional studies are required to evaluate the possible use of the S. brasiliensis leaf methanol extract and fractions as natural sources of bioherbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Avelar Amado
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ), 35501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Hortência Fonsêca Castro
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ), 35501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Samúdio Santos Zanuncio
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristina Stein
- Campus Centro-Oeste Dona Lindu, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei (UFSJ), 35501-296, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Denise Brentan da Silva
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas (LaPNEM), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), 79070-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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13
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Phytochemistry and Comprehensive Chemical Profiling Study of Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids in the Aerial Parts of Allium Mongolicum Regel and Their Intestinal Motility Evaluation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030577. [PMID: 32013151 PMCID: PMC7036834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify whether flavonoids and phenols in Allium mongolicum Regel have the effect of improving gastrointestinal function and analyze its quality, this study was designed to isolate and identify them from the aerial parts of A. mongolicum by using various chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods, a bioassay on motility of mouse isolated intestine tissue, as well as qualitative analysis using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. As a result, 31 flavonoids and phenolic acids were obtained and identified, including six new flavonoid glycosides, mongoflavonosides A1 (1), A2 (2), A3 (3), A4 (4), B1 (5), B2 (6), and four new phenolic acid glycosides, mongophenosides A1 (7), A2 (8), A3 (9), B (10). Among them, eleven flavonoids and three phenolic acids showed significant increase in the height of mouse small intestinal muscle. It was a first systematic bioactive constituents’ study for A. mongolicum on gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, according to the retention time (tR) and the exact mass-to-charge ratio (m/z), thirty-one compounds were unambiguously identified by comparing to the standard references by using LC-MS. Then, on the basis of generalized rules of MS/MS fragmentation pattern, chromatographic behaviors, as well as biosynthetic laws of the 31 isolates, five flavonoid glycosides and one phenolic acid glycoside were tentatively speculated. On the basis of the study, a fast analysis method for flavonoids and phenolic acids in A. mongolicum was established.
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14
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Lu X, Jiang J, He J, Sun K, Sun Y. Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Characteristics of Wood Vinegar Derived from Chinese Fir Waste: A Comprehensive Study on Its Growth Regulation Performance and Mechanism. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19054-19062. [PMID: 31763528 PMCID: PMC6868606 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
As a high value-added product from biomass pyrolysis, wood vinegar (WV) has been used as a growth regulator for many plant species in agriculture based on the diverse active chemical compounds present. To reveal the relationship between chemical constituents and regulation performance, four kinds of WVs were prepared by slow pyrolysis from Chinese fir waste at different temperature ranges. The chemical constituents of WVs were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the regulation performance of WVs was investigated from the aspects of seed germination and root growth of wheat. The results indicated that the chemical constituents of WVs were affected obviously by pyrolysis temperature and the major components were acids and phenols. All types of WVs showed regulation performance but with different effects and levels. The WV collected from 20 to 150 °C exhibited a promoting effect and other three WVs exhibited inhibiting effects. It was considered that the regulation performance of WV was relevant to acids and phenols through a synergy mechanism. Acids caused intercellular acidification and increased root activity, which promoted the seed germination and root growth, while phenols increased the content of malonaldehyde, indicating that phenols caused the oxidative stress to damage cell structure and inhibit growth. All these results could be a reference for further utilization of WVs as a sustainable alternative to chemicals for plant growth regulation in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Lu
- Research
Institute of Forestry New Technology, CAF, Beijing 100091, Beijing, China
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- College of
Materials Science and Technology, Beijing
Forestry University, Beijing 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing He
- College of
Materials Science and Technology, Beijing
Forestry University, Beijing 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Sun
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunjuan Sun
- Institute
of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- Key
and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, SFA, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Mushtaq W, Ain Q, Siddiqui MB, Hakeem KR. Cytotoxic allelochemicals induce ultrastructural modifications in Cassia tora L. and mitotic changes in Allium cepa L.: a weed versus weed allelopathy approach. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:857-871. [PMID: 30656457 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-01343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The stress induced by allelochemicals present in stem aqueous extract (SAE) of Nicotiana plumbaginifolia on alterations in growth, ultrastructure on Cassia tora L., and mitotic changes on Allium cepa L. were inspected. Application of SAE at different concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, and 4%) expressively reduced the growth of C. tora in terms of seedling length and dry biomass. Moreover, the ultrastructural variations induced in the epidermis of Cassia leaf (adaxial and abaxial surface) of 15-day-old saplings were analyzed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The variations noticed are rupturing and shrinking of cells along epidermis; damaged margins, extensively curled leaf apex along with the appearance of puff-like structures, grooves, and thread-like structures on the leaf surface. The epidermal cells of samples exposed to treatment no longer appear smooth relative to control, besides showing necrosis as well. Upon exposure to different concentrations of extract, A. cepa root tip cells showed aberrations in chromosome arrangement and disparity in the shape of the interphase and prophase nuclei along various phases of mitotic cycle as compared to control. The mitotic index (MI) showed a concentration-dependent decline in onion root tips exposed to SAE. The aberrations appearing frequently were formation of multinucleated cells, sticky metaphase and anaphase with bridges, sticky telophase, disturbed polarity, etc. The results also show the induction of elongated cells, giant cells, and cells with membrane damage by extract treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the methanolic extract of N. plumbaginifolia stem. Overall, 62 compounds were reported, covering 99.61% of the entire constituents, which can be considered responsible for the allelopathic suppression of C. tora. The chief component was 4-tert-butylcalix[4]arene with the highest composition of 19.89%, followed by palmitic acid (12.25%), palmitoleic acid (8.23%), precocene 2 (7.53%), isophytyl acetate (4.01%), and betastigmasterol (3.95%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Mushtaq
- Alleopathy Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Quratul Ain
- Alleopathy Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M B Siddiqui
- Alleopathy Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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