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Diao F, Li Y, Gao X, Luo J, Zhu X, Wang L, Zhang K, Li D, Ji J, Cui J. Response of the Propylea japonica Microbiota to Treatment with Cry1B Protein. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2008. [PMID: 38002951 PMCID: PMC10671136 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Propylea japonica (Thunberg) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a dominant natural enemy of insect pests in farmland ecosystems. It also serves as an important non-target insect for environmental safety evaluations of transgenic crops. Widespread planting of transgenic crops may result in direct or indirect exposure of P. japonica to recombinant Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein, which may in turn affect the biological performance of this natural enemy by affecting the P. japonica microflora. However, the effects of Bt proteins (such as Cry1B) on the P. japonica microbiota are currently unclear. Here, we used a high-throughput sequencing method to investigate differences in the P. japonica microbiota resulting from treatment with Cry1B compared to a sucrose control. The results demonstrated that the P. japonica microbiome was dominated by Firmicutes at the phylum level and by Staphylococcus at the genus level. Within-sample (α) diversity indices demonstrated a high degree of consistency between the microbial communities of P. japonica treated with the sucrose control and those treated with 0.25 or 0.5 mg/mL Cry1B. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the abundance of any taxa after treatment with 0.25 mg/mL Cry1B for 24 or 48 h, and treatment with 0.5 mg/mL Cry1B for 24 or 48 h led to changes only in Staphylococcus, a member of the phylum Firmicutes. Treatment with a high Cry1B concentration (1.0 mg/mL) for 24 or 48 h caused significant changes in the abundance of specific taxa (e.g., Gemmatimonades, Patescibacteria, Thauera, and Microbacterium). However, compared with the control, most taxa remained unchanged. The statistically significant differences may have been due to the stimulatory effects of treatment with a high concentration of Cry1B. Overall, the results showed that Cry1B protein could alter endophytic bacterial community abundance, but not composition, in P. japonica. The effects of Bt proteins on endophytes and other parameters in non-target insects require further study. This study provides data support for the safety evaluation of transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengchao Diao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.D.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (J.J.)
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Yarong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Xueke Gao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.D.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (J.J.)
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Junyu Luo
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.D.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (J.J.)
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Xiangzhen Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Li Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Kaixin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Dongyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Jichao Ji
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.D.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (J.J.)
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
| | - Jinjie Cui
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (F.D.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (J.J.)
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (Y.L.); (X.Z.); (L.W.); (K.Z.); (D.L.)
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Gao J, Li Z, Zhu B, Wang L, Xu J, Wang B, Fu X, Han H, Zhang W, Deng Y, Wang Y, Zuo Z, Peng R, Tian Y, Yao Q. Creation of Environmentally Friendly Super "Dinitrotoluene Scavenger" Plants. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303785. [PMID: 37715295 PMCID: PMC10602510 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Pervasive environmental contamination due to the uncontrolled dispersal of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) represents a substantial global health risk, demanding urgent intervention for the removal of this detrimental compound from affected sites and the promotion of ecological restoration. Conventional methodologies, however, are energy-intensive, susceptible to secondary pollution, and may inadvertently increase carbon emissions. In this study, a 2,4-DNT degradation module is designed, assembled, and validated in rice plants. Consequently, the modified rice plants acquire the ability to counteract the phytotoxicity of 2,4-DNT. The most significant finding of this study is that these modified rice plants can completely degrade 2,4-DNT into innocuous substances and subsequently introduce them into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Further, research reveals that the modified rice plants enable the rapid phytoremediation of 2,4-DNT-contaminated soil. This innovative, eco-friendly phytoremediation approach for dinitrotoluene-contaminated soil and water demonstrates significant potential across diverse regions, substantially contributing to carbon neutrality and sustainable development objectives by repurposing carbon and energy from organic contaminants.
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Xu X, Liu X, Li F, Hao C, Sun H, Yang S, Jiao Y, Lu X. Impact of Insect-Resistant Transgenic Maize 2A-7 on Diversity and Dynamics of Bacterial Communities in Rhizosphere Soil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2046. [PMID: 37653965 PMCID: PMC10222967 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Artificial modification of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins can effectively improve their resistance to target pests, but the effect of such modification on the diversity of rhizosphere microorganisms remains unclear. Transgenic maize 2A-7 contains two artificially modified Bt proteins, mCry1Ab and mCry2Ab. These proteins can enter soil and pose a potential threat to soil microbial diversity. To assess their impacts on rhizosphere bacteria communities, the contents of the two Bt proteins and changes in bacterial community diversity in the rhizosphere soils of transgenic maize 2A-7 and its control variety were analyzed at different growth stages in 2020. The results showed that the two Bt proteins were detected at low levels in the rhizosphere soils of 2A-7 plants. No significant differences in soil bacterial diversity were detected between 2A-7 and its control variety at any of the growth stages. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the growth stage, rather than the cultivar, was the main factor causing changes in bacterial communities. This research provides valuable data for understanding the impact of Bt crops on the soil microbiome, and establishes a theoretical basis for evaluation of their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (X.X.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (C.H.); (H.S.); (S.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (X.X.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (C.H.); (H.S.); (S.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Development Center for Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Fan Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (X.X.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (C.H.); (H.S.); (S.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chaofeng Hao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (X.X.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (C.H.); (H.S.); (S.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (X.X.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (C.H.); (H.S.); (S.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shuke Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (X.X.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (C.H.); (H.S.); (S.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yue Jiao
- Key Laboratory for Safety Assessment (Environment) of Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xingbo Lu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (X.X.); (X.L.); (F.L.); (C.H.); (H.S.); (S.Y.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
- Development Center for Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100176, China
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Chen Y, Pan L, Ren M, Li J, Guan X, Tao J. Comparison of genetically modified insect-resistant maize and non-transgenic maize revealed changes in soil metabolomes but not in rhizosphere bacterial community. GM CROPS & FOOD 2022; 13:1-14. [PMID: 35180835 PMCID: PMC8890387 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2022.2025725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The deliberate introduction of the beneficial gene in crop plants through transgenic technology can provide enormous agricultural and economic benefits. However, the impact of commercialization of these crops on the ecosystem particularly on belowground soil biodiversity is still uncertain. Here, we examined and compared the effects of a non-transgenic maize cultivar and an insect-resistant transgenic maize cultivar genetically engineered with cry1Ah gene from Bacillus thuringiensis, on the rhizosphere bacterial community using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and soil metabolome profile using UPLC/MS analysis at six different growth stages. We found no significant differences in bacterial community composition and diversity at all growth stages between the two cultivars. The analysis of bacterial beta-diversity showed an evident difference in community structure attributed to plant different growth stages but not to the plant type. In contrast, the soil metabolic profile of transgenic maize differed from that of the non-transgenic plant at some growth stages, and most of the altered metabolites were usually related to the metabolism but not to the plant-microbe interaction related pathways. These results suggest that genetic modification with the cry1Ah gene-altered maize soil metabolism but had no obvious effect on the rhizosphere bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Chen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Libo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mengyun Ren
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Junsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
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Shirokikh IG, Nasarova YI, Raldugina GN, Gulevich AA, Baranova EN. Analysis of Actinobiota in the Tobacco Rhizosphere with a Heterologous Choline Oxidase Gene from Arthrobacter globiformis. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wen Z, Yao W, Han M, Xu X, Wu F, Yang M, Fazal A, Yin T, Qi J, Lu G, Yang R, Song X, Yang Y. Differential assembly of root-associated bacterial and fungal communities of a dual transgenic insect-resistant maize line at different host niches and different growth stages. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1023971. [PMID: 36246225 PMCID: PMC9557180 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1023971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic technology has been widely applied to crop development, with genetically modified (GM) maize being the world’s second-largest GM crop. Despite the fact that rhizosphere bacterial and fungal populations are critical regulators of plant performance, few studies have evaluated the influence of GM maize on these communities. Plant materials used in this study included the control maize line B73 and the mcry1Ab and mcry2Ab dual transgenic insect-resistant maize line 2A-7. The plants and soils samples were sampled at three growth stages (jointing, flowering, and maturing stages), and the sampling compartments from the outside to the inside of the root are surrounding soil (SS), rhizospheric soil (RS), and intact root (RT), respectively. In this study, the results of alpha diversity revealed that from the outside to the inside of the root, the community richness and diversity declined while community coverage increased. Morever, the different host niches of maize rhizosphere and maize development stages influenced beta diversity according to statistical analysis. The GM maize line 2A-7 had no significant influence on the composition of microbial communities when compared to B73. Compared to RS and SS, the host niche RT tended to deplete Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes and Mortierellomycota at phylum level. Nitrogen-fixation bacteria Pseudomonas, Herbaspirillum huttiense, Rhizobium leguminosarum, and Sphingomonas azotifigens were found to be enriched in the niche RT in comparison to RS and SS, whilst Bacillus was found to be increased and Stenotrophomonas was found to be decreased at the maturing stage as compared to jointing and flowering stages. The nitrogen fixation protein FixH (clusters of orthologous groups, COG5456), was found to be abundant in RT. Furthermore, the pathogen fungus that causes maize stalk rot, Gaeumannomyces radicicola, was found to be abundant in RT, while the beneficial fungus Mortierella hyalina was found to be depleted in RT. Lastly, the abundance of G. radicicola gradually increased during the development of maize. In conclusion, the host niches throughout the soil-plant continuum rather than the Bt insect-resistant gene or Bt protein secretion were primarily responsible for the differential assembly of root-associated microbial communities in GM maize, which provides the theoretical basis for ecological agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongling Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weixuan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinhong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengci Wu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Minkai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aliya Fazal
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongming Yin
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinliang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guihua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, China
| | - Rongwu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Rongwu Yang,
| | - Xinyuan Song
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agro-Biotechnology Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Xinyuan Song,
| | - Yonghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Yonghua Yang,
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Chen Y, Ren M, Pan L, Liu B, Guan X, Tao J. Impact of transgenic insect-resistant maize HGK60 with Cry1Ah gene on community components and biodiversity of arthropods in the fields. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269459. [PMID: 35657976 PMCID: PMC9165892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, transgenic technology has developed rapidly, but the risk of the environmental release of transgenic organisms is still a key issue. Research on the impact on biodiversity is an effective way to objectively evaluate the risk. By taking transgenic maize HGK60 with insect-resistant gene Cry1Ah and common maize Zheng 58 as control, a 2-year experiment of arthropod community biodiversity in fields of them were studied using three methods.in 2019 and 2020. The results showed that a total of 124 species and 38537 individuals were observed from the experiment, belonging to 11 orders and 40 families. There was no significant difference in the individual number and species number of herbivorous, predatory and parasitic groups in the two kinds of maize in two years. Only the individual number of HGK60 was significantly higher than that of common maize Zheng 58 at heading stage in 2019. And the percentages of individual number and species number in different groups were basically the same in the two kinds of maize at each stage in two years. Analyses of Richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Dominance index and Evenness index showed no significant difference between the two kinds of maize in two years. The similarity coefficient of the arthropod community suggested that the arthropod community composition of HGK60 was similar to that of common maize Zheng 58. Furthermore, HGK60 had no significant effect on the relative stability of the arthropod community. These results indicated that despite the presence of a relatively minor difference in arthropod community between the two kinds of maize, the planting of HGK60 had little effect on arthropod community biodiversity. The results provided some data and support for the further studies of environmental risk of transgenic crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Chen
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
| | - Mengyun Ren
- Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Libo Pan
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Guan
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
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Lv N, Liu Y, Guo T, Liang P, Li R, Liang P, Gao X. The influence of Bt cotton cultivation on the structure and functions of the soil bacterial community by soil metagenomics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113452. [PMID: 35366565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bt cotton successfully controlled major devastating pests in cotton,such as Helicoverpa armigera and Spodoptera exigua, and led to a drastic decrease in insecticide use in cotton fields, and it has been grown commercially worldwide. However, Bt cotton cultivation left Bt toxin residues in the soil, resulting in a response by its microbiome that caused potential environmental risks. In this research, the metagenomics analysis was performed to investigate the structure and functions of the soil bacterial community in the Bt cotton field from the Binzhou, Shandong province of China, where the Bt cotton has been cultivated for over fifteen years. Analysis of the function genes proved that the receptors of Bt toxins were absent in the soil bacteria and Bt toxins failed to target the soil bacteria. The microbiome structure and function were highly influenced by Bt cotton cultivation, however, no significant change in the total abundance of the bacteria was observed. Proteobacteria was the largest taxonomic group in the soil bacterial (42-52%) and its abundance was significantly increased after Bt cotton cultivation. The increase of Proteobacteria abundance resulted in an increase in ABC transporters gene abundance, indicating the improved ability of detoxification metabolism over Bt cotton cultivation. Xanthomonadales could be a biomarker of the Bt cotton group, whose abundance was significantly increased to contribute to the increase of the genes abundance in ABC transporters. The abundance of apoptosis genes was significantly decreased, and it might be related to the increase of Proteobacteria abundance by Bt cotton cultivation. In addition, Myxococcales was responsible for carotenoid biosynthesis, whoes genes abundance was significantly decreased due to the decrease of Myxococcales abundance by Bt cotton cultivation. These changes in soil bacterial community structure and functions indicate the influence by Bt cotton cultivation, leading to an understanding of the bacteria colonization patterns due to successive years of Bt cotton cultivation. These research results should be significant for the rational risk assessment of Bt cotton cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Lv
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianfeng Guo
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pingzhuo Liang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ren Li
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pei Liang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiwu Gao
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wen ZL, Yang MK, Du MH, Zhong ZZ, Lu YT, Wang GH, Hua XM, Fazal A, Mu CH, Yan SF, Zhen Y, Yang RW, Qi JL, Hong Z, Lu GH, Yang YH. Enrichments/Derichments of Root-Associated Bacteria Related to Plant Growth and Nutrition Caused by the Growth of an EPSPS-Transgenic Maize Line in the Field. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1335. [PMID: 31275269 PMCID: PMC6591461 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, the effects of the transgenic crops on soil microbial communities have aroused widespread interest of scientists, which was mainly related to the health and growth of plants. In this study, the maize root-associated bacterial communities of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) transgenic glyphosate-tolerant (GT) maize line CC-2 (CC2) and its recipient variety Zhengdan958 (Z958) were compared at the tasseling and flowering stages by high-throughput sequencing of V3-V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA gene (16S rDNA) amplicons via Illumina MiSeq. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) was also performed to analyze the nifH gene abundance between CC2 and Z958. Our results showed no significant difference in alpha/beta diversity of root-associated bacterial communities at the tasseling or flowering stage between CC2 and Z958 under field growth conditions. The relative abundances of the genera Bradyrhizobium and Bacillus including species B. cereus and B. muralis were significantly lower in the roots of CC2 than that of Z985 under field conditions. Both these species are regarded as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), as they belong to both nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing bacterial genera. The comparison of the relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing/phosphate-solubilizing bacteria at the class, order or family levels indicated that only one class Bacilli, one order Bacillales and one family Bacillaceae were found to be significantly lower in the roots of CC2 than that of Z985. These bacteria were also enriched in the roots and rhizospheric soil than in the surrounding soil at both two stages. Furthermore, the class Betaproteobacteria, the order Burkholderiales, the family Comamonadaceae, and the genus Acidovorax were significantly higher in the roots of CC2 than that of Z985 at the tasseling stage, meanwhile the order Burkholderiales and the family Comamonadaceae were also enriched in the roots than in the rhizospheric soil at both stages. Additionally, the nifH gene abundance at the tasseling stage in the rhizosphere soil also showed significant difference. The relative abundance of nifH gene was higher in the root samples and lower in the surrounding soil, which implicated that the roots of maize tend to be enriched in nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ling Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min-Kai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei-Hang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao-Zhao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Ting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gu-Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Hua
- Research Center for Soil Pollution Prevention and Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Nanjing, China
| | - Aliya Fazal
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Mu
- Shandong Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Shu-Feng Yan
- Henan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong-Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Liang Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gui-Hua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Molecular Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Xu Q, Dai R, Ruan Y, Rensing C, Liu M, Guo S, Ling N, Shen Q. Probing active microbes involved in Bt-containing rice straw decomposition. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10273-10284. [PMID: 30269215 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice extends significant protection against insect pests and meets the increasing demands for food and energy. Many studies have been conducted investigating the impacts of Bt rice to the agricultural ecosystem, but much less attention has been given to efforts attempting to determine how the presence of Bt rice influences and shapes the microbial community, especially the active microbes. Stable isotope probing and high-throughput sequencing were employed to explore the active microbes involved in Bt-containing straw decomposition. Compared to its near isoline, the Bt straw contained higher contents of total N, total P, total K, lignin, cellulose, and Cry1Ab toxin protein. These chemical differences did not affect the decomposition rate but significantly changed the active microbial decomposer communities. During the decomposition of Bt-containing straw, fungi were more affected than bacteria. Agromyces, Terrabacter, Microbacterium, Glycomyces, and Kribbella were the most representative unique (existed only in the Bt treatments and appeared at the early stage) bacterial genera, and Trichoderma was the most representative unique fungal genus in the Bt straw decomposition. By using similarity index calculation and function prediction, the significant differences between Bt straw and non-Bt straw treatments were found to be transient for both microbial taxa and functional traits. These results suggested that Bt rice has a significant but transient impact on soil microbes in terms of microbial straw decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicheng Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rongbo Dai
- Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yang Ruan
- Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Environmental Microbiology, College of Resource and Environmental Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Manqiang Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ning Ling
- Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Coordinated Research Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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11
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Guedes RNC, Walse SS, Throne JE. Sublethal exposure, insecticide resistance, and community stress. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2017; 21:47-53. [PMID: 28822488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides are an invaluable pest management tool and anthropogenic stressors of widespread environmental occurrence that are subject to biased perceptions based on the targeted application, market value of use, and regulatory requirements. As a result, short-term and simplistic efforts focusing on lethal effects toward individual species and populations prevail. Holistic and comprehensive studies exploring rather common sublethal insecticide exposures are rare, particularly considering their potential role in structuring populations and communities in diverse environmental settings and potentially interfering in a range of ecological interactions. Studies on insecticide resistance, for example, do not go beyond population-based studies, disregarding temporal and spatial effects in the associated community, and rarely considering the whole of sublethal exposure. Some of these knowledge gaps are here recognized and explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Narciso C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil; USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, United States.
| | - Spencer S Walse
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, United States
| | - James E Throne
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, United States
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