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Pašakinskienė I. Festuca pratensis-like Subgenome Reassembly from a "Chromosomal Cocktail" in the Intergeneric Festulolium (Poaceae) Hybrid: A Rare Chromoanagenesis Event in Grasses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:984. [PMID: 36903845 PMCID: PMC10005718 DOI: 10.3390/plants12050984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Festuca and Lolium grass species are used for Festulolium hybrid variety production where they display trait complementarities. However, at the genome level, they show antagonisms and a broad scale of rearrangements. A rare case of an unstable hybrid, a donor plant manifesting pronounced variability of its clonal parts, was discovered in the F2 group of 682 plants of Lolium multiflorum × Festuca arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42). Five phenotypically distinct clonal plants were determined to be diploids, having only 14 chromosomes out of the 42 in the donor. GISH defined the diploids as having the basic genome from F. pratensis (2n = 2x = 14), one of the progenitors of F. arundinacea (2n = 6x = 42), with minor components from L. multiflorum and another subgenome, F. glaucescens. The 45S rDNA position on two chromosomes also corresponded to the variant of F. pratensis in the F. arundinacea parent. In the highly unbalanced donor genome, F. pratensis was the least represented, but the most involved in numerous recombinant chromosomes. Specifically, FISH highlighted 45S rDNA-containing clusters involved in the formation of unusual chromosomal associations in the donor plant, suggesting their active role in karyotype realignment. The results of this study show that F. pratensis chromosomes have a particular fundamental drive for restructuring, which prompts the disassembly/reassembly processes. The finding of F. pratensis "escaping" and rebuilding itself from the chaotic "chromosomal cocktail" of the donor plant points to a rare chromoanagenesis event and extends the view of plant genome plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izolda Pašakinskienė
- Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio 7, 10221 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Botanical Garden of Vilnius University, Kairėnų 43, 10239 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Szwarc J, Niemann J, Kaczmarek J, Majka J, Bocianowski J. Novel Brassica hybrids with different resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans reveal unbalanced rDNA signal patterns. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:293-301. [PMID: 35434369 PMCID: PMC8974394 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization of Brassica napus with various Brassicaceae species can result in obtaining new forms with increased resistance to blackleg, a dangerous disease caused mainly by Leptosphaeria maculans. In this study, we aimed to correlate the field resistance of selected Brassica hybrids to blackleg with chromosomal structure revealed by Fluorescence in situ hybridization. Tested genotypes varied in the number of chromosomes and rDNA signals. The greatest variation was observed for A1-type chromosomes. Field evaluation also revealed significant differences in L. maculans resistance. Performed analyses allowed to distinguish three B. napus × Brassica fruticulosa genotypes in which variable patterns of chromosomal structure might be connected to field resistance. However, a more thorough study, including the detection of all A-genome chromosomes, is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szwarc
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland
| | - Janetta Niemann
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Kaczmarek
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Majka
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Acad Sci, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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Sosnowska K, Majka M, Majka J, Bocianowski J, Kasprowicz M, Książczyk T, Szała L, Cegielska-Taras T. Chromosome instabilities in resynthesized Brassica napus revealed by FISH. J Appl Genet 2020; 61:323-335. [PMID: 32318927 PMCID: PMC7413880 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-020-00557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Brassica napus is an allopolyploid plant, derived from spontaneous hybridization between Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. Intensive breeding has led to a significant reduction in genetic and phenotypic diversity within this species. Newly resynthesized hybrids from progenitor species may restore some diversity in B. napus, but they often are chromosomally and phenotypically unstable. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we tested chromosome constitutions in a range of new allopolyploids resynthesized from various parental species. A majority of these allopolyploids were euploid, with the expected chromosome numbers and constitutions, but deviations were also identified. We detected a low level of intergenomic rearrangements in analyzed hybrids and a high level of changes in rDNA loci. Our study revealed a significant effect of maternal cross combination on loss of 35S rDNA loci, especially when B. rapa was the maternal parent. The studied lines were characterized by diversified of pollen viability. In the analyzed hybrids, the erucic acid level in the seed oil ranged from 0 to 43.4% and total glucosinolate content in seeds ranged from 24.3 to 119.2 μmol g−1. Our study shows that cytogenetic analysis of B. napus resynthesized hybrids would be useful in breeding for the selection of lines with important agricultural characters and genetically stable stock seed production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sosnowska
- Department of Genetics and Breeding of Oilseed Crops, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Strzeszyńska 36, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maciej Majka
- Department of Genomics, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Majka
- Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marta Kasprowicz
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Książczyk
- Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Laurencja Szała
- Department of Genetics and Breeding of Oilseed Crops, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Strzeszyńska 36, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Teresa Cegielska-Taras
- Department of Genetics and Breeding of Oilseed Crops, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute, Strzeszyńska 36, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
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Majka J, Bzdęga K, Janiak A, Ćwiek-Kupczyńska H, Krajewski P, Książczyk T, Zwierzykowski Z. Cytogenetic and molecular genotyping in the allotetraploid Festuca pratensis × Lolium perenne hybrids. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:367. [PMID: 31088367 PMCID: PMC6518686 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Species of the Festuca and Lolium genera, as well as intergeneric Festuca × Lolium (Festulolium) hybrids, are valuable fodder and turf grasses for agricultural and amenity purposes worldwide. Festulolium hybrids can merge in their genomes agronomically important characteristics. However, in polyploid plants, especially in allopolyploids, the hybridization of divergent genomes could contribute to various abnormalities, such as variability in chromosome number, structural rearrangements, and/or disorders in inheritance patterns. Here we studied these issues in allotetraploid Festuca pratensis × Lolium perenne hybrids. RESULTS Cytogenetic procedures, including fluorescent in situ hybridization, genomic in situ hybridization, and molecular markers - inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) were exploited. This cytogenetic approach indicated the dynamics in the number and distribution of ribosomal RNA genes and structural rearrangements for both parental genomes (Festuca and Lolium) in hybrid karyotypes. The separate analysis of F. pratensis and L. perenne chromosomes in hybrid plants (F2-F3 generations of F. pratensis × L. perenne) revealed the asymmetrical level of rearrangements. Recognized structural changes were mainly located in the distal part of chromosome arms, and in chromosomes bearing ribosomal DNA, they were more frequently mapped in arms without this sequence. Based on the ISSR markers distribution, we found that the tetrasomic type of inheritance was characteristic for the majority of ISSR loci, but the disomic type was also observed. Nonetheless, no preference in the transmission of either Festuca or Lolium alleles to the following generations of allotetraploid F. pratensis × L. perenne hybrid was observed. CONCLUSION Our study reports cytogenetic and molecular genotyping of the F. pratensis × L. perenne hybrid and its following F2-F3 progenies. The analysis of 137 allotetraploid F. pratensis × L. perenne hybrids revealed the higher level of recombination in chromosomes derived from F. pratensis genome. The results of ISSR markers indicated a mixed model of inheritance, which may be characteristic for these hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Majka
- Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bzdęga
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Janiak
- Department of Genetics, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Hanna Ćwiek-Kupczyńska
- Department of Biometry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Department of Biometry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Książczyk
- Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Zwierzykowski
- Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Skrzypek E, Warzecha T, Noga A, Warchoł M, Czyczyło-Mysza I, Dziurka K, Marcińska I, Kapłoniak K, Sutkowska A, Nita Z, Werwińska K, Idziak-Helmcke D, Rojek M, Hosiawa-Barańska M. Complex characterization of oat ( Avena sativa L.) lines obtained by wide crossing with maize ( Zea mays L.). PeerJ 2018; 6:e5107. [PMID: 29967749 PMCID: PMC6022724 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The oat × maize addition (OMA) lines are used for mapping of the maize genome, the studies of centromere-specific histone (CENH3), gene expression, meiotic chromosome behavior and also for introducing maize C4 photosynthetic system to oat. The aim of our study was the identification and molecular-cytogenetic characterization of oat × maize hybrids. Methods Oat DH lines and oat × maize hybrids were obtained using the wide crossing of Avena sativa L. with Zea mays L. The plants identified as having a Grande-1 retrotransposon fragment, which produced seeds, were used for genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Results A total of 138 oat lines obtained by crossing of 2,314 oat plants from 80 genotypes with maize cv. Waza were tested for the presence of maize chromosomes. The presence of maize chromatin was indicated in 66 lines by amplification of the PCR product (500 bp) generated using primers specific for the maize retrotransposon Grande-1. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) detected whole maize chromosomes in eight lines (40%). All of the analyzed plants possessed full complement of oat chromosomes. The number of maize chromosomes differed between the OMA lines. Four OMA lines possessed two maize chromosomes similar in size, three OMA—one maize chromosome, and one OMA—four maize chromosomes. In most of the lines, the detected chromosomes were labeled uniformly. The presence of six 45S rDNA loci was detected in oat chromosomes, but none of the added maize chromosomes in any of the lines carried 45S rDNA locus. Twenty of the analyzed lines did not possess whole maize chromosomes, but the introgression of maize chromatin in the oat chromosomes. Five of 66 hybrids were shorter in height, grassy type without panicles. Twenty-seven OMA lines were fertile and produced seeds ranging in number from 1–102 (in total 613). Sixty-three fertile DH lines, out of 72 which did not have an addition of maize chromosomes or chromatin, produced seeds in the range of 1–343 (in total 3,758). Obtained DH and OMA lines were fertile and produced seeds. Discussion In wide hybridization of oat with maize, the complete or incomplete chromosomes elimination of maize occur. Hybrids of oat and maize had a complete set of oat chromosomes without maize chromosomes, and a complete set of oat chromosomes with one to four retained maize chromosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Skrzypek
- Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Warzecha
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Kraków, Polska
| | - Angelika Noga
- Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marzena Warchoł
- Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilona Czyczyło-Mysza
- Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Izabela Marcińska
- Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamila Kapłoniak
- Department of Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sutkowska
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Kraków, Polska
| | - Zygmunt Nita
- Plant Breeding Strzelce Ltd., PBAI Group, Strzelce, Polska
| | | | - Dominika Idziak-Helmcke
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Polska
| | - Magdalena Rojek
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Polska
| | - Marta Hosiawa-Barańska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Polska
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Nick P. The genetic self. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:437-438. [PMID: 29457199 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Nick
- Molekulare Zellbiologie, Botanisches Institut, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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