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Advances in oral absorption of polysaccharides: Mechanism, affecting factors, and improvement strategies. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 282:119110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Yamazoe E, Fang JY, Tahara K. Oral mucus-penetrating PEGylated liposomes to improve drug absorption: Differences in the interaction mechanisms of a mucoadhesive liposome. Int J Pharm 2020; 593:120148. [PMID: 33290871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the feasibility of densely polyethylene glycol (PEG2000)-modified liposomes as mucus-penetrating particles (MPPs) for oral delivery of systemically absorbed peptides. The oral absorption of MPPs and mucoadhesive liposomes modified with glycol chitosan (GCS) was compared. In an in vitro artificial mucus model, the densely PEGylated liposomes showed mucus permeability. Intracellular uptake of liposomes was evaluated in a Caco-2 and mucus-secreting Caco-2/HT29 co-culture. Intracellular uptake of MPPs was unaffected by mucus in the co-culture system, whereas the cellular uptake of GCS-liposomes was lower with a mucus layer than in Caco-2 alone. Rat in vivo oral absorption of liposomes was evaluated by using fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FD) as a model peptide drug. Oral absorption was higher for densely PEGylated than for unmodified liposomes and was PEG-concentration dependent, but excessive PEGylation decreased FD blood concentration. PEGylated liposomes incorporating spermine (SPM) as an absorption enhancer were then designed and showed the highest in vivo absorption of FD of all tested formulations. The pharmacological effects of the oral liposomes were evaluated by using elcatonin and did not correlate with FD oral absorption. The non-PEGylated SPM liposomes showed the highest pharmacological effect, suggesting the need for drug-specific optimization of liposomal components and surface modifiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Yamazoe
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kohei Tahara
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, Gifu, Japan.
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Fukushima T, Yokooji T, Hirano T, Kataoka Y, Taogoshi T, Matsuo H. Aspirin enhances sensitization to the egg-white allergen ovalbumin in rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226165. [PMID: 31805177 PMCID: PMC6894855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancement of oral absorption of food allergens by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially aspirin, is considered an exacerbating factor in the development of food allergies. In this study, we examined the effect of aspirin on oral sensitization to and absorption of the egg-white allergen ovalbumin (OVA) in rats. The absorption of OVA was evaluated by measuring the plasma concentration of OVA after oral administration by gavage. To evaluate oral sensitization to OVA, plasma levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) E and IgG1 antibodies (Abs) specific to OVA were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after initiation of sensitization. High-dose aspirin (30 mg/kg) increased oral OVA absorption and plasma levels of OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 Abs compared with those observed in vehicle-treated rats. In contrast, low-dose aspirin (3 mg/kg) exerted no changes in either absorption or sensitization. Spermine, an absorption enhancer, increased the oral absorption of OVA to nearly the same extent as high-dose aspirin, whereas the plasma levels of OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 Abs exhibited no significant differences between spermine- and vehicle-treated rats. Among the NSAIDs, diclofenac and indomethacin increased sensitization to OVA, similar to high-dose aspirin, but meloxicam exerted no effects on Ab levels. In conclusion, we showed that high-dose aspirin enhanced oral sensitization to OVA. Our study suggests that enhanced oral sensitization to OVA cannot be ascribed to increased absorption of OVA from the intestinal tract. Although the mechanisms underlying this enhancement of sensitization are still controversial, our study suggests that modification of cytokine production due to impairment of the intestinal barrier function and inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 activity by aspirin may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Fukushima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yokooji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Frontier Science for Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Taiki Hirano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuta Kataoka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takanori Taogoshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matsuo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Bartkiene E, Bartkevics V, Ikkere LE, Pugajeva I, Zavistanaviciute P, Lele V, Ruzauskas M, Bernatoniene J, Jakstas V, Klupsaite D, Zadeike D, Viskelis P, Juodeikiene G. The effects of ultrasonication, fermentation with Lactobacillus sp., and dehydration on the chemical composition and microbial contamination of bovine colostrum. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6787-6798. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wu X, Cao W, Jia G, Zhao H, Chen X, Wu C, Tang J, Wang J, Liu G. New insights into the role of spermine in enhancing the antioxidant capacity of rat spleen and liver under oxidative stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 3:85-90. [PMID: 29767047 PMCID: PMC5941080 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can damage cellular antioxidant defense and reduce livestock production efficiency. Spermine is a ubiquitous cellular component that plays important roles in stabilizing nucleic acids, modulating cell growth and differentiation, and regulating ion channel activities. Spermine has the potential to alleviate the effects of oxidative stress. However, to date no information is available about the effect of spermine administration on antioxidant property of the liver and spleen in any mammalian in vivo system. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of spermine on rat liver and spleen under oxidative stress. Rats received intragastric administration of either 0.4 μmol/g body weight of spermine or saline once a day for 3 days. The rats in each treatment were then injected with either diquat or sterile saline at 12 mg/kg body weight. Liver and spleen samples were collected 48 h after the last spermine ingestion. Results showed that regardless of diquat treatment, spermine administration significantly reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content by 23.78% in the liver and by 5.75% in the spleen, respectively (P < 0.05). Spermine administration also enhanced the catalase (CAT) activity, anti-hydroxyl radical (AHR) capacity and glutathione (GSH) content by 38.68%, 15.53% and 1.32% in the spleen, respectively (P < 0.05). There were interactions between spermine administration and diquat injection about anti-superoxide anion (ASA), AHR capacity, CAT activity, GSH content, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the liver and about ASA capacity and T-AOC in the spleen of weaned rats (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, spermine administration significantly increased the AHR capacity, CAT activity, GSH content, and T-AOC by 40.23%, 31.15%, 30.25%, 35.37% in the liver, respectively (P < 0.05) and increased the T-AOC by 8% in the spleen of weaned rats (P < 0.05). Compared with the diquat group, spermine + diquat group significantly increased ASA capacity by 15.63% in the liver and by 73.41% in the spleen of weaned rats, respectively (P < 0.05). Results demonstrate that spermine administration can increase the antioxidant capacity in the liver and spleen and can enhance the antioxidant status in the spleen and liver under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjian Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Gang Jia
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Caimei Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jiayong Tang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guangmang Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China
- Corresponding author.
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Rogers AC, McDermott FD, Mohan HM, O'Connell PR, Winter DC, Baird AW. The effects of polyamines on human colonic mucosal function. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 764:157-163. [PMID: 26144376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrogenic ion transport in human colon is a surrogate marker for colonic mucosal function, and may be manipulated by a variety of hormonal, neural, immune and paracrine mediators. Polyamines are present in vast quantities in the colonic lumen and appear to be integral to cellular function. This study explores some of the mechanisms of polyamine action on colonic tissue through study of their effects on differential secretory pathways, as well as examining their actions on intracellular cAMP and Ca(2+) accumulation. Human colonic mucosa was mounted in Ussing chambers and treated with polyamines (spermine, spermidine and putrescine) with changes in ion transport recorded. In separate experiments colonic crypts were treated with polyamines and intracellular cAMP levels determined by ELISA and intracellular calcium concentrations were quantified by fluorescent imaging. Polyamines at physiological concentrations (1mM) exert no effects on basal mucosal chloride secretion or transepithelial electrical resistance. Polyamines inhibit electrogenic ion secretion as stimulated by forskolin (cAMP-mediated), but not carbachol (Ach-mediated). All the polyamines used in this study inhibited intracellular cAMP accumulation, according to potency (spermine>spermidine>putrescine). Spermine increased intracellular Ca(2+) in a PKC-dependent manner, likely due to its effects on the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). Polyamines act to prevent cAMP-mediated Cl(-) hypersecretion in the colon, acting through CaSR to inhibit PKC-mediated [Ca(2+)]i release from intracellular stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailín C Rogers
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Frank D McDermott
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Helen M Mohan
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - P Ronan O'Connell
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Desmond C Winter
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Alan W Baird
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Xie C, Wang HH, Nie XK, Chen L, Deng SL, Xu XL. Reduction of biogenic amine concentration in fermented sausage by selected starter cultures. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2015.1005027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Wu M, Xiao H, Ren W, Yin J, Hu J, Duan J, Liu G, Tan B, Xiong X, Oso AO, Adeola O, Yao K, Yin Y, Li T. An NMR-based metabolomic approach to investigate the effects of supplementation with glutamic acid in piglets challenged with deoxynivalenol. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113687. [PMID: 25502722 PMCID: PMC4263475 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) has various toxicological effects in humans and pigs that result from the ingestion of contaminated cereal products. This study was conducted to investigate the protective effects of dietary supplementation with glutamic acid on piglets challenged with DON. A total of 20 piglets weaned at 28 d of age were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 4 treatments (5 piglets/treatment): 1) basal diet, negative control (NC); 2) basal diet +4 mg/kg DON (DON); 3) basal diet +2% (g/g) glutamic acid (GLU); 4) basal diet +4 mg/kg DON +2% glutamic acid (DG). A 7-d adaptation period was followed by 30 days of treatment. A metabolite analysis using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR)-based metabolomic technology and the determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities for plasma, as well as the activity of Caspase-3 and the proliferation of epithelial cells were conducted. The results showed that contents of low-density lipoprotein, alanine, arginine, acetate, glycoprotein, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), glycine, lactate, and urea, as well as the glutamate/creatinine ratio were higher but high-density lipoprotein, proline, citrate, choline, unsaturated lipids and fumarate were lower in piglets of DON treatment than that of NC treatment (P<0.05). Compared with DON treatment, dietary supplementation with glutamic acid increased the plasma concentrations of proline, citrate, creatinine, unsaturated lipids, and fumarate, and decreased the concentrations of alanine, glycoprotein, TMAO, glycine, and lactate, as well as the glutamate/creatinine ratio (P<0.05). Addition glutamic acid to DON treatment increased the plasma activities of SOD and GSH-Px and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling indexes for the jejunum and ileum (P<0.05). These novel findings indicate that glutamic acid has the potential to repair the injuries associated with oxidative stress as well as the disturbances of energy and amino acid metabolism induced by DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Wu
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Xiao
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenkai Ren
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Hu
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jielin Duan
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail: (XX); (KY)
| | - Abimbola Oladele Oso
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Livestock Production, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Olayiwola Adeola
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States of America
| | - Kang Yao
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- * E-mail: (XX); (KY)
| | - Yulong Yin
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tiejun Li
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Colonic absorption of salmon calcitonin using tetradecyl maltoside (TDM) as a permeation enhancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:726-34. [PMID: 23354154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin is used as a second line treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, but widespread acceptance is somewhat limited by subcutaneous and intranasal routes of delivery. This study attempted to enable intestinal sCT absorption in rats using the mild surfactant, tetradecyl maltoside (TDM) as an intestinal permeation enhancer. Human Caco-2 and HT29-MTX-E12 mucus-covered intestinal epithelial monolayers were used for permeation studies. Rat in situ intestinal instillation studies were conducted to evaluate the absorption of sCT with and without 0.1 w/v% TDM in jejunum, ileum and colon. TDM significantly enhanced sCT permeation across intestinal epithelial monolayers, most likely due to combined paracellular and transcellular actions. In situ, TDM caused an increased absolute bioavailability of sCT in rat colon from 1.0% to 4.6%, whereas no enhancement increase was observed in ileal and jejunal instillations. Histological analysis suggested mild perturbation of colonic epithelia in segments instilled with sCT and TDM. These data suggest that the membrane composition of the colon is different to the small intestine and that it is more amenable to permeation enhancement. Thus, formulations designed to release payload in the colon could be advantageous for systemic delivery of poorly permeable molecules.
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Yamaki T, Ohtake K, Ichikawa K, Uchida M, Uchida H, Ohshima S, Juni K, Kobayashi J, Morimoto Y, Natsume H. Poly- L-arginine-Induced Internalization of Tight Junction Proteins Increases the Paracellular Permeability of the Caco-2 Cell Monolayer to Hydrophilic Macromolecules. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:432-41. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuo Ohtake
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | - Masaki Uchida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | | | - Kazuhiko Juni
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Jun Kobayashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Yasunori Morimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
- Research Institute of TTS Technology, Josai University
| | - Hideshi Natsume
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
- Research Institute of TTS Technology, Josai University
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Papavergou EJ, Savvaidis IN, Ambrosiadis IA. Levels of biogenic amines in retail market fermented meat products. Food Chem 2012; 135:2750-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Masuda A, Goto Y, Kurosaki Y, Aiba T. In vivo Application of Chitosan to Facilitate Intestinal Acyclovir Absorption in Rats. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:2449-56. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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13
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Sugita Y, Takao K, Sugino Y, Kuwabara R, Shirahata A. Enhancement of gastrointestinal absorption of ovalbumin caused by spermine induces an increase in plasma histamine levels in mice sensitized to ovalbumin. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:415-9. [PMID: 21372394 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether a spermine (SPM)-induced increase in gastrointestinal absorption of an allergen leads to an anaphylactic response in sensitized mice. First, we examined the enhancing effect of SPM on the gastrointestinal absorption of ovalbumin (OVA) in an in situ jejunum loop study in rats and an in vivo oral absorption study in mice. Second, we investigated whether enhancement of gastrointestinal absorption of OVA caused by SPM induces an anaphylactic response in mice sensitized to OVA. In the in situ jejunum loop study in rats, a significant amount of immune-reactive OVA was detected in the plasma after co-administration of OVA and SPM. Oral co-administration of OVA and SPM to mice in vivo also increased plasma OVA concentrations in an SPM dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, in sensitized mice, a significant increase in plasma histamine levels occurred along with the increase in plasma OVA levels after co-administration of OVA with SPM. This finding suggests that an SPM-induced increase in gastrointestinal absorption of OVA leads to an anaphylactic response. These results indicate that excess oral ingestion of SPM may have widespread health effects, including the induction of food allergies, via modulation of the function of the gastrointestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Sugita
- Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama 350–0295, Japan.
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Restoration of rat colonic epithelium after in situ intestinal instillation of the absorption promoter, sodium caprate. Ther Deliv 2010; 1:75-82. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.10.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Sodium caprate (C10) is an oral absorption promoter that is currently in clinical trials as a component of solid dosage forms for poorly permeable small molecules and peptides. Clinical data with zoledronic acid tablets suggest that significant delivery along with acceptable safety can be achieved from a once-a-week dosing regime. C10 has surfactant-like properties at the high doses used in vivo and therefore we examined its effects on rat intestinal epithelium following intestinal instillation. Results: Addition of 100 mM concentrations of C10 with the paracellular flux marker, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa, permitted a bioavailability of 33% to be achieved. When C10 was added 10, 30 and 60 min in advance of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa, enhancement still occurred, but was progressively reduced. Histology revealed that the permeability increase was likely related in part to superficial epithelial damage caused in the first few minutes of exposure, which was rapidly repaired within 30–60 min. Conclusions: Design of optimized dosage forms containing C10 should corelease the payload and promoter close to the epithelium in high concentrations. While C10 induces some epithelial damage, its remarkable capacity for epithelial repair may render this effect insignificant in vivo.
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Maher S, Leonard TW, Jacobsen J, Brayden DJ. Safety and efficacy of sodium caprate in promoting oral drug absorption: from in vitro to the clinic. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2009; 61:1427-49. [PMID: 19800376 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in oral drug delivery is the development of novel dosage forms to promote absorption of poorly permeable drugs across the intestinal epithelium. To date, no absorption promoter has been approved in a formulation specifically designed for oral delivery of Class III molecules. Promoters that are designated safe for human consumption have been licensed for use in a recently approved buccal insulin spray delivery system and also for many years as part of an ampicillin rectal suppository. Unlike buccal and rectal delivery, oral formulations containing absorption promoters have the additional technical hurdle whereby the promoter and payload must be co-released in high concentrations at the small intestinal epithelium in order to generate significant but rapidly reversible increases in permeability. An advanced promoter in the clinic is the medium chain fatty acid (MCFA), sodium caprate (C(10)), a compound already approved as a food additive. We discuss how it has evolved to a matrix tablet format suitable for administration to humans under the headings of mechanism of action at the cellular and tissue level as well as in vitro and in vivo efficacy and safety studies. In specific clinical examples, we review how C(10)-based formulations are being tested for oral delivery of bisphosphonates using Gastro Intestinal Permeation Enhancement Technology, GIPET (Merrion Pharmaceuticals, Ireland) and in a related solid dose format for antisense oligonucleotides (ISIS Pharmaceuticals, USA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Maher
- UCD School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Maher S, Wang X, Bzik V, McClean S, Brayden DJ. Evaluation of intestinal absorption and mucosal toxicity using two promoters. II. Rat instillation and perfusion studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2009; 38:301-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 07/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Antibody and cytokine-associated immune responses to S. equi antigens entrapped in PLA nanospheres. Biomaterials 2009; 30:5161-9. [PMID: 19524290 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Strangles is an infectious disease caused by Streptococcus equi subspecies equi that affects the upper respiratory tract of the Equidae. The control of this disease seems to be dependent on its earlier detection and prevention, but prolonged animal protection without development of strong and severe side effects has not yet been achieved. Convalescent horses exhibit a protective immune response, mainly against SeM (58 kDa), an antiphagocytic and opsonogenic S. equi M-like protein, known as the major protective antigen against strangles. Purified recombinant SeM and S. equi protein extract-entrapped poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanospheres were developed and their adjuvant potential was studied via the intramuscular route. The effect including molecules with adjuvant properties such as spermine, oleic acid, alginate and glycol-chitosan was also evaluated. Spherical nanometric particles <500 nm containing the protein antigen were prepared by the solvent evaporation method and protein structure was not affected throughout preparation. The humoral immune response induced by nanospheres was markedly higher than that elicited by soluble antigens, isolated or co-admixed with CpG. The IgG and IgG subtypes, along with cytokine titres, indicated that nanospheres composed by glycolchitosan developed a more balanced Th1/Th2 response for both purified SeM and S. equi enzymatic extract proteins, although those induced by the pure antigen-entrapped particles were higher than the S. equi tested vaccines composed by total antigens entrapped in polymeric nanospheres.
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Amino acids: metabolism, functions, and nutrition. Amino Acids 2009; 37:1-17. [PMID: 19301095 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1664] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the discovery that amino acids (AA) are not only cell signaling molecules but are also regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. Additionally, AA are key precursors for syntheses of hormones and low-molecular weight nitrogenous substances with each having enormous biological importance. Physiological concentrations of AA and their metabolites (e.g., nitric oxide, polyamines, glutathione, taurine, thyroid hormones, and serotonin) are required for the functions. However, elevated levels of AA and their products (e.g., ammonia, homocysteine, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) are pathogenic factors for neurological disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, an optimal balance among AA in the diet and circulation is crucial for whole body homeostasis. There is growing recognition that besides their role as building blocks of proteins and polypeptides, some AA regulate key metabolic pathways that are necessary for maintenance, growth, reproduction, and immunity. They are called functional AA, which include arginine, cysteine, glutamine, leucine, proline, and tryptophan. Dietary supplementation with one or a mixture of these AA may be beneficial for (1) ameliorating health problems at various stages of the life cycle (e.g., fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and mortality, weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and wasting syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and infertility); (2) optimizing efficiency of metabolic transformations to enhance muscle growth, milk production, egg and meat quality and athletic performance, while preventing excess fat deposition and reducing adiposity. Thus, AA have important functions in both nutrition and health.
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Chen L, Li P, Wang J, Li X, Gao H, Yin Y, Hou Y, Wu G. Catabolism of nutritionally essential amino acids in developing porcine enterocytes. Amino Acids 2009; 37:143-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Florindo H, Pandit S, Gonçalves L, Alpar H, Almeida A. New approach on the development of a mucosal vaccine against strangles: Systemic and mucosal immune responses in a mouse model. Vaccine 2009; 27:1230-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2008] [Revised: 12/02/2008] [Accepted: 12/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Florindo H, Pandit S, Lacerda L, Gonçalves L, Alpar H, Almeida A. The enhancement of the immune response against S. equi antigens through the intranasal administration of poly-ɛ-caprolactone-based nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2009; 30:879-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Flynn NE, Bird JG, Guthrie AS. Glucocorticoid regulation of amino acid and polyamine metabolism in the small intestine. Amino Acids 2008; 37:123-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wang J, Wu G, Zhou H, Wang F. Emerging technologies for amino acid nutrition research in the post-genome era. Amino Acids 2008; 37:177-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 10/05/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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He Q, Kong X, Wu G, Ren P, Tang H, Hao F, Huang R, Li T, Tan B, Li P, Tang Z, Yin Y, Wu Y. Metabolomic analysis of the response of growing pigs to dietary L-arginine supplementation. Amino Acids 2008; 37:199-208. [PMID: 18989615 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/05/2008] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Arginine plays an important role regulating nutrient metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary arginine supplementation on the metabolome in serum of growing pigs using (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Sixteen 120-day-old pigs (48 +/- 1 kg) were randomly assigned to one of two groups, representing supplementation with 0 or 1.0% L: -arginine to corn- and soybean meal-based diets. Serum was collected after a 46-day period of treatment. Dietary arginine supplementation decreased fat deposition and increased protein accretion in the body. Principal component analysis showed that serum concentrations of low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, and urea were lower, but concentrations of creatinine, tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites, ornithine, lysine and tyrosine were greater in arginine-supplemented than in control pigs. Additionally, the arginine treatment affected serum concentrations of nitrogenous and lipid signaling molecules (glycerophosphorylcholine and myo-inositol) and intestinal bacterial metabolites (formate, ethanol, methylamine, dimethylamine, acetate, and propionate). These novel findings suggest that dietary arginine supplementation alters the catabolism of fat and amino acids in the whole body, enhances protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, and modulates intestinal microbial metabolism in growing pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 330047, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Dietary supplementation with cholesterol and docosahexaenoic acid affects concentrations of amino acids in tissues of young pigs. Amino Acids 2008; 37:709-16. [PMID: 18972185 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0196-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are important nutrients for neural development of infants. However, little is known about the effect of cholesterol or DHA on concentrations of amino acids (AA) in neonatal tissues. This study was conducted with the piglet (an established model for studying human infant nutrition) to test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with the lipids may modulate AA availability in tissues. Sixteen newborn pigs were nursed by sows for 24 h and then assigned to one of four treatment groups, representing supplementation with 0.0% (control), 0.2% cholesterol, 0.2% DHA, or cholesterol plus DHA to the basal milk-formula. All piglets were euthanized at 49 days of age. In brain, cholesterol supplementation reduced (P < 0.05) concentrations of glutamate, serine, glutamine, threonine, beta-alanine, alanine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, and gamma-aminobutyrate but increased (P < 0.05) concentrations of glycine and lysine, whereas DHA supplementation similarly affected (P < 0.05) concentrations of the same AA (except for isoleucine and lysine) and taurine. In addition, concentrations of most AA in liver, muscle and plasma were substantially altered by dietary supplementation of cholesterol and DHA in a tissue-dependent manner. Further, DHA reduced concentrations of carnosine in skeletal muscle, as well as ammonia in both plasma and brain. The results reveal that cholesterol and DHA can regulate AA metabolism and availability in various tissues of piglets. These novel findings have important implications for designing the next generation of infant formula to optimize neonatal growth and development.
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Ito T, Sugita Y, Ikeguchi Y, Shirahata A. Formation of polyamine-modified peptides during protein digestion. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 356:159-62. [PMID: 17346676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of polyamines on the digestion of proteins by serine proteases was examined. Based on the mechanism of action of serine proteases, it was anticipated that nucleophilic functionalities such as amino groups in polyamine, rather than hydroxyl ions, would react with peptide bonds during the hydrolysis process. If this were the case, polyamine might be covalently linked to the C-terminus of the product peptides during protein digestion. In order to test this hypothesis, hemoglobin was used as a model protein and was digested with trypsin in the presence of polyamine. The product peptides were separated, collected by HPLC, and analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS using post-source decay. The results showed that some peptides were indeed modified with polyamine at the C-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Ito
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350 0295, Japan
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