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Borsò M, Agretti P, Zucchi R, Saba A. Mass spectrometry in the diagnosis of thyroid disease and in the study of thyroid hormone metabolism. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:443-468. [PMID: 33238065 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The importance of thyroid hormones in the regulation of development, growth, and energy metabolism is well known. Over the last decades, mass spectrometry has been extensively used to investigate thyroid hormone metabolism and to discover and characterize new molecules involved in thyroid hormones production, such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone. In the earlier period, the quantification methods, usually based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, were complicated and time consuming. They were mainly focused on basic research, and were not suitable for clinical diagnostics on a routine basis. The development of the modern mass spectrometers, mainly coupled to liquid chromatography, enabled simpler sample preparation procedures, and the accurate quantification of thyroid hormones, of their precursors, and of their metabolites in biological fluids, tissues, and cells became feasible. Nowadays, molecules of physiological and pathological interest can be assayed also for diagnostic purposes on a routine basis, and mass spectrometry is slowly entering the clinical laboratory. This review takes stock of the advancements in the field of thyroid metabolism that were carried out with mass spectrometry, with special focus on the use of this technique for the quantification of molecules involved in thyroid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Borsò
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Agretti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Chemistry and Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Zucchi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Saba
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Sui H, Wang Y, Zhang X, Wang X, Cheng W, Su H, Wang X, Sun X, Han XX, Zhao B, Ozaki Y. Ultrasensitive detection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone based on azo coupling and surface-enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2018; 141:5181-8. [PMID: 27338554 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00884d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) has been used to establish a rapid and quantitative assay based on the diazotization coupling reaction for thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). Ultrahigh sensitivity of this approach originates from two factors: changing TRH to an azo compound and the SERRS effect with the addition of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at 532 nm excitation wavelength. The lowest detectable concentration of TRH was found to be as low as 1 pg mL(-1), which is 10-fold lower than the lowest normal reference value in human serum reported in previous literature. The quantitative measurements in human serum based on this method were conducted, and the results showed its feasibility for detection in complex biological samples. In comparison with conventional TRH identification and quantification methodologies, radioimmunoassay (RIA) and subsequent various hyphenated techniques, the main advantages of this study are simplicity, rapidness (2 minutes), time effectiveness, no additional steps required to further characterize the immunogenic material, highest sensitivity (57.1 fg), high selectivity, practicality and reliability. Thus, this work puts forward a research tool that may be applied to the determination of TRH in practical assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Weina Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Hongyang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Xia Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, P.R. China.
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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Amao M, Kitahara Y, Tokunaga A, Shimbo K, Eto Y, Yamada N. Simultaneous quantification of intracellular and secreted active and inactive glucagon-like peptide-1 from cultured cells. Anal Biochem 2015; 472:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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