1
|
Nam MH, Dhillon A, Nahomi RB, Carrillo NL, Hougen CS, Nagaraj RH. Peptain-1 blocks ischemia/reperfusion-induced retinal capillary degeneration in mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1441924. [PMID: 39149168 PMCID: PMC11324586 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1441924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neurovascular degeneration results in vascular dysfunction, leakage, ischemia, and structural changes that can lead to significant visual impairment. We previously showed the protective effects of peptain-1, a 20 amino acid peptide derived from the αB-crystallin core domain, on retinal ganglion cells in two animal models of glaucoma. Here, we evaluated the ability of peptain-1 to block apoptosis of human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) in vitro and retinal capillary degeneration in mice subjected to retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods HRECs were treated with either peptain-1 or scrambled peptides (200 μg/mL) for 3 h and a combination of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ 20 ng/mL + TNF-α 20 ng/mL+ IL-1β 20 ng/mL) for additional 48 h. Apoptosis was measured with cleaved caspase-3 formation via western blot, and by TUNEL assay. C57BL/6J mice (12 weeks old) were subjected to I/R injury by elevating the intraocular pressure to 120 mmHg for 60 min, followed by reperfusion. Peptain-1 or scrambled peptide (0.5 μg) was intravitreally injected immediately after I/R injury and 7 days later. One microliter of PBS was injected as vehicle control, and animals were euthanized on day 14 post-I/R injury. Retinal capillary degeneration was assessed after enzyme digestion followed by periodic acid-Schiff staining. Results Our data showed that peptain-1 entered HRECs and blocked proinflammatory cytokine-mediated apoptosis. Intravitreally administered peptain-1 was distributed throughout the retinal vessels after 4 h. I/R injury caused retinal capillary degeneration. Unlike scrambled peptide, peptain-1 protected capillaries against I/R injury. Additionally, peptain-1 inhibited microglial activation and reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels in the retina following I/R injury. Discussion Our study suggests that peptain-1 could be used as a therapeutic agent to prevent capillary degeneration and neuroinflammation in retinal ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hyun Nam
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCHealth-Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Centre, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Armaan Dhillon
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCHealth-Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Centre, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rooban B Nahomi
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCHealth-Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Centre, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Noelle L Carrillo
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCHealth-Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Centre, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Radiology, UCHealth University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Clarinda S Hougen
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCHealth-Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Centre, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Ram H Nagaraj
- Department of Ophthalmology, UCHealth-Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye Centre, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sonntag SR, Kreikenbohm M, Böhmerle G, Stagge J, Grisanti S, Miura Y. Impact of cigarette smoking on fluorescence lifetime of ocular fundus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11484. [PMID: 37460627 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is known to adversely affect cellular metabolism and is a risk factor for various retinal diseases. Fluorescence lifetime imaging ophthalmoscopy (FLIO) has the potential to detect metabolic changes in the ocular fundus. Aim of this study was to analyze the influence of cigarette smoking on fluorescence lifetime (FLT) of healthy eyes using FLIO. Twenty-six non-smokers and 28 smokers aged between 20 and 37 years without systemic and ocular diseases were investigated by FLIO (excitation: 473 nm, emission: short spectral channel (SSC) 498-560 nm, long spectral channel (LSC) 560-720 nm). The FLT at the ETDRS grid regions were analyzed and compared. In SSC, the mean FLT (τm) of smokers was significantly longer in the ETDRS inner ring region, whereas the τm in LSC was significantly shorter in the outer ring. For the long component (τ2), smokers with pack year < 7.11 showed significantly shorter τ2 in SSC than non-smokers and the smokers with pack year ≥ 7.11. There were no significant differences in retinal thickness. The lack of obvious structural differences implies that the observed FLT changes are likely related to smoking-induced metabolic changes. These results suggest that FLIO may be useful in assessing retinal conditions related to lifestyle and systemic metabolic status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Rebecca Sonntag
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marie Kreikenbohm
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Giulia Böhmerle
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jessica Stagge
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Yoko Miura
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
- Medical Laser Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Spagnuolo L, Della Posta S, Fanali C, Dugo L, De Gara L. Chemical Composition of Hazelnut Skin Food Waste and Protective Role against Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) Damage in THP-1-Derived Macrophages. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062680. [PMID: 36985650 PMCID: PMC10054400 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycation and the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are known to occur during aging, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Increased glucose or methylglyoxal (MGO) levels in the blood of diabetic patients result in increased AGEs. A diet rich in bioactive food compounds, like polyphenols, has a protective effect. The aim of this work is to evaluate the capacity of hazelnut skin polyphenolic extract to protect THP-1-macrophages from damage induced by AGEs. The main polyphenolic subclass was identified and quantified by means of HPLC/MS and the Folin–Ciocalteu method. AGEs derived from incubation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and MGO were characterized by fluorescence. Cell viability measurement was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the polyphenolic extract in macrophages. Reactive oxygen species’ (ROS) production was assessed by the H2-DCF-DA assay, the inflammatory response by real-time PCR for gene expression, and the ELISA assay for protein quantification. We have shown that the polyphenolic extract protected cell viability from damage induced by AGEs. After treatment with AGEs, macrophages expressed high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and ROS, whereas in co-treatment with polyphenol extract there was a reduction in either case. Our study suggests that hazelnut skin polyphenol-rich extracts have positive effects and could be further investigated for nutraceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laura Dugo
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-22541-9470
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Amiruddin Hashmi M, Kausar T, Alam Khan M, Younus H. Assessing the inhibition of glycation of ζ-crystallin by thymoquinone: A mechanistic approach using experimental and computational methods. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
|
5
|
Gostomska-Pampuch K, Wiśniewski JR, Sowiński K, Gruszecki WI, Gamian A, Staniszewska M. Analysis of the Site-Specific Myoglobin Modifications in the Melibiose-Derived Novel Advanced Glycation End-Product. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13036. [PMID: 36361822 PMCID: PMC9655033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
MAGE (melibiose-derived advanced glycation end-product) is the glycation product generated in the reaction of a model protein with melibiose. The in vivo analog accumulates in several tissues; however, its origin still needs explanation. In vitro MAGE is efficiently generated under dry conditions in contrast to the reaction carried in an aqueous solvent. Using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, we analyzed the physicochemical properties and structures of myoglobin glycated with melibiose under different conditions. The targeted peptide analysis identified structurally different AGEs, including crosslinking and non-crosslinking modifications associated with lysine, arginine, and histidine residues. Glycation in a dry state was more efficient in the formation of structures containing an intact melibiose moiety (21.9%) compared to glycation under aqueous conditions (15.6%). The difference was reflected in characteristic fluorescence that results from protein structural changes and impact on a heme group of the model myoglobin protein. Finally, our results suggest that the formation of in vitro MAGE adduct is initiated by coupling melibiose to a model myoglobin protein. It is confirmed by the identification of intact melibiose moieties. The intermediate glycation product can further rearrange towards more advanced structures, including cross-links. This process can contribute to a pool of AGEs accumulating locally in vivo and affecting tissue biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Gostomska-Pampuch
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek R. Wiśniewski
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Karol Sowiński
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wieslaw I. Gruszecki
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gamian
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Staniszewska
- Faculty of Medicine, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cumpstey AF, Clark AD, Santolini J, Jackson AA, Feelisch M. COVID-19: A Redox Disease-What a Stress Pandemic Can Teach Us About Resilience and What We May Learn from the Reactive Species Interactome About Its Treatment. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1226-1268. [PMID: 33985343 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affects every aspect of human life by challenging bodily, socioeconomic, and political systems at unprecedented levels. As vaccines become available, their distribution, safety, and efficacy against emerging variants remain uncertain, and specific treatments are lacking. Recent Advances: Initially affecting the lungs, COVID-19 is a complex multisystems disease that disturbs the whole-body redox balance and can be long-lasting (Long-COVID). Numerous risk factors have been identified, but the reasons for variations in susceptibility to infection, disease severity, and outcome are poorly understood. The reactive species interactome (RSI) was recently introduced as a framework to conceptualize how cells and whole organisms sense, integrate, and accommodate stress. Critical Issues: We here consider COVID-19 as a redox disease, offering a holistic perspective of its effects on the human body, considering the vulnerability of complex interconnected systems with multiorgan/multilevel interdependencies. Host/viral glycan interactions underpin SARS-CoV-2's extraordinary efficiency in gaining cellular access, crossing the epithelial/endothelial barrier to spread along the vascular/lymphatic endothelium, and evading antiviral/antioxidant defences. An inflammation-driven "oxidative storm" alters the redox landscape, eliciting epithelial, endothelial, mitochondrial, metabolic, and immune dysfunction, and coagulopathy. Concomitantly reduced nitric oxide availability renders the sulfur-based redox circuitry vulnerable to oxidation, with eventual catastrophic failure in redox communication/regulation. Host nutrient limitations are crucial determinants of resilience at the individual and population level. Future Directions: While inflicting considerable damage to health and well-being, COVID-19 may provide the ultimate testing ground to improve the diagnosis and treatment of redox-related stress diseases. "Redox phenotyping" of patients to characterize whole-body RSI status as the disease progresses may inform new therapeutic approaches to regain redox balance, reduce mortality in COVID-19 and other redox diseases, and provide opportunities to tackle Long-COVID. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1226-1268.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Cumpstey
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anna D Clark
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jérôme Santolini
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Biochemistry, Biophysics and Structural Biology, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Alan A Jackson
- Human Nutrition, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom.,Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Marzec E, Olszewski J. Dielectric response to thermal denaturation of lenses in healthy and diabetic rabbits. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 142:107923. [PMID: 34385118 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The relative permittivity and conductivity of healthy and alloxane-induced diabetic rabbits lenses were measured over a frequency range of 500 Hz to 100 kHz in an electric field and at temperatures from 25 to 150 °C. The dielectric spectra for both tissues showed two separate relaxations with a characteristic frequency of around 4 and 25 kHz assigned to the cortical and nuclear zones, respectively. These two dispersions are due to the interfacial polarization at the surface of the α-crystallin molecules. The denaturation temperature for the non-diabetic lens and the diabetic lens is approximately 70 and 80 °C, respectively. Moreover, the relative permittivity and conductivity values are higher in the diabetic lens than in the non-diabetic tissue at the same temperature and frequency. Our dielectric studies provide a better understanding of the thermal stability of crystallin-water complexes in normal and diseased human lenses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Marzec
- Department of Bionics and Bioimpedance, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Parkowa 2, 60-775 Poznań, Poland.
| | - J Olszewski
- Department of Bionics and Bioimpedance, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Parkowa 2, 60-775 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fan X, Monnier VM. Protein posttranslational modification (PTM) by glycation: Role in lens aging and age-related cataractogenesis. Exp Eye Res 2021; 210:108705. [PMID: 34297945 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Crystallins, the most prevalent lens proteins, have no turnover throughout the entire human lifespan. These long-lived proteins are susceptible to post-synthetic modifications, including oxidation and glycation, which are believed to be some of the primary mechanisms for age-related cataractogenesis. Thanks to high glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA) levels as well as low oxygen content, the human lens is able to maintain its transparency for several decades. Aging accumulates substantial changes in the human lens, including a decreased glutathione concentration, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, impaired antioxidative defense capacity, and increased redox-active metal ions, which induce glucose and ascorbic acid degradation and protein glycation. The glycated lens crystallins are either prone to UVA mediated free radical production or they attract metal ion binding, which can trigger additional protein oxidation and modification. This vicious cycle is expected to be exacerbated with older age or diabetic conditions. ASA serves as an antioxidant in the human lens under reducing conditions to protect the human lens from damage, but ASA converts to the pro-oxidative role and causes lens protein damage by ascorbylation in high oxidation or enriched redox-active metal ion conditions. This review is dedicated in honor of Dr. Frank Giblin, a great friend and superb scientist, whose pioneering and relentless work over the past 45 years has provided critical insight into lens redox regulation and glutathione homeostasis during aging and cataractogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjun Fan
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States.
| | - Vincent M Monnier
- Department of Pathology, United States; Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dielectric properties of healthy and diabetic alloxan-induced lenses in rabbits. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 135:107583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
10
|
Abdullah EM, Haq SH, Ahmed MA, Khan JM, Alamery SF, Malik A. Structural stability and solubility of glycated camel lens ζ-crystallin. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:384-393. [PMID: 32380106 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The camel has several biochemical, physiological, and anatomical features to withstand the harsh desert climate. Camel eye lens contains a novel protein (ζ-crystallin) in bulk quantity. Previous reports suggest that non-enzymatic glycation of eye lens proteins plays an important role in the etiology of cataract. In this study, we have characterized the role of glucose, fructose, and methylglyoxal (MGO) in the glycation of camel lens ζ-crystallin. From the results obtained, it was found that MGO reacted rapidly, fructose reacted moderately, and glucose was the least reactive even after prolonged incubation (>100 days). Glycation with MGO and fructose led to changes in the structure of ζ-crystallin, while glucose had no remarkable effect. The surface hydrophobicity did not change and no aggregates or amyloid fibrils were observed in the glycated ζ-crystallin. Moreover, the secondary structure of glycated ζ-crystallin remained similar after glycation. Our results suggested that due to natural adaptation, the camel lens protein ζ-crystallin retained its structure and solubility even after glycation to perform the single known function of the lens proteins: to focus unscattered light on the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ejlal Mohamed Abdullah
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samina Hyder Haq
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Asif Ahmed
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Masood Khan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Freeh Alamery
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajamaluddin Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dozio E, Vianello E, Sitzia C, Ambrogi F, Benedini S, Gorini S, Rampoldi B, Rigolini R, Tacchini L, Corsi Romanelli MM. Circulating Irisin and esRAGE as Early Biomarkers of Decline of Metabolic Health. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020454. [PMID: 32041319 PMCID: PMC7074501 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline in metabolic health may take place before observing any alteration in the levels of the traditional metabolic markers. New indicators of metabolic derangement are therefore compelling. Irisin is a myokine with important metabolic functions. The role of irisin as a metabolic biomarker in humans has not been fully established yet. We quantified plasma irisin and esRAGE in 106 apparently healthy individuals and we performed a cluster analysis to evaluate their associations with metabolic profile. Plasma levels of various traditional markers of metabolic risk (i.e., glucose and lipid levels) were all within the ranges of normality. We identified two clusters of individuals. Compared to cluster 2, individuals in cluster 1 had higher irisin levels, a metabolic profile shifted toward the limits of the reference ranges and lower esRAGE levels. The traditional metabolic blood tests seem not to be enough to identify a metabolic decline early. Irisin increase and esRAGE decrease may reflect a metabolic derangement at the beginning of its development. The role of these molecules as early biomarkers of decline of metabolic health seems an interesting topic to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39–02-5031–5342
| | - Elena Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
| | - Clementina Sitzia
- Residency Program in Clinical Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Federico Ambrogi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Laboratory of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology “G.A. Maccaro”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Benedini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
| | - Silvia Gorini
- Instrumentation Laboratory—A Werfen Company, R&D Department, Viale Monza 338, 20128 Milan, Italy;
| | - Benedetta Rampoldi
- Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy; (B.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Roberta Rigolini
- Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy; (B.R.); (R.R.)
| | - Lorenza Tacchini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
| | - Massimiliano Marco Corsi Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.V.); (S.B.); (L.T.); (M.M.C.R.)
- Service of Laboratory Medicine1-Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza E. Malan, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy; (B.R.); (R.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The status of glycation in protein aggregation. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 100:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
13
|
Byun K, Yoo Y, Son M, Lee J, Jeong GB, Park YM, Salekdeh GH, Lee B. Advanced glycation end-products produced systemically and by macrophages: A common contributor to inflammation and degenerative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 177:44-55. [PMID: 28223234 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor have been implicated in the progressions of many intractable diseases, such as diabetes and atherosclerosis, and are also critical for pathologic changes in chronic degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and alcoholic brain damage. Recently activated macrophages were found to be a source of AGEs, and the most abundant form of AGEs, AGE-albumin excreted by macrophages has been implicated in these diseases and to act through common pathways. AGEs inhibition has been shown to prevent the pathogenesis of AGEs-related diseases in human, and therapeutic advances have resulted in several agents that prevent their adverse effects. Recently, anti-inflammatory molecules that inhibit AGEs have been shown to be good candidates for ameliorating diabetic complications as well as degenerative diseases. This review was undertaken to present, discuss, and clarify current understanding regarding AGEs formation in association with macrophages, different diseases, therapeutic and diagnostic strategy and links with RAGE inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghee Byun
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - YongCheol Yoo
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongjoo Son
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesuk Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea
| | - Goo-Bo Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mok Park
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bonghee Lee
- Center for Genomics and Proteomics, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon 406-799, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Effect of glycation inhibitors on aging and age-related diseases. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 160:1-18. [PMID: 27671971 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vast evidence supports the view that glycation of proteins is one of the main factors contributing to aging and is an important element of etiopathology of age-related diseases, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus, cataract and neurodegenerative diseases. Counteracting glycation can therefore be a means of increasing both the lifespan and healthspan. In this review, accumulation of glycation products during aging is presented, pathophysiological effects of glycation are discussed and ways of attenuation of the effects of glycation are described, concentrating on prevention of glycation. The effects of glycation and glycation inhibitors on the course of selected age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and cataract are also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, 35-604 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Agriculture, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza St. 4, 35-604 Rzeszów, Poland; Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Glycation of Liver Cystatin: Implication on its Structure and Function. J Fluoresc 2016; 26:1743-53. [PMID: 27351669 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1866-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The increased level of reducing sugars and their derivatives in a diabetic condition has been the main cause of protein related complications. The changes in native state of proteins upon glycation induce loss in the function and structure of proteins. This further leads to cell damage and accumulation of immune system inducing AGE formation. Here in the present study cystatin was purified from liver (BLC) through affinity chromatography and was incubated with glucose, fructose and ribose. Changes were observed in the intensity of Trp absorption at 280 nm as well as AGE's specific fluorescence at 435 nm upon excitation at 370 nm to monitor the formation of BLC-sugar adducts. Protein intrinsic fluorescence showed marked conformational changes when BLC was incubated with D-ribose, glucose and fructose. Glycation with D-ribose induces BLC to misfold rapidly into an intermediate state retaining a low percentage of α-helical content compared to fructose and glucose as revealed by far-UV CD data. Furthermore, a caseinolytic assay of papain in presence of glycated liver cystatin showed decreased activity in the protein induced by these reducing sugars. Ribose had more effect on the structure as well as the function of liver cystatin followed by fructose and least for glucose. Absorption spectroscopy shows change in BLC and formation of AGE's. These results shows that liver cystatin-cathepsin imbalance is compromised in diabetic state which may lead to improper balance of proteinases leading to cirrhosis or liver damage.
Collapse
|
16
|
Awasthi S, Saraswathi NT. Non-enzymatic glycation mediated structure–function changes in proteins: case of serum albumin. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Albumin, a major plasma protein with extraordinary ligand binding properties, transports various ligands ranging from drugs, hormones, fatty acids, and toxins to different tissues and organs in the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Awasthi
- Molecular Biophysics Lab
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613401
- India
| | - N. T. Saraswathi
- Molecular Biophysics Lab
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613401
- India
| |
Collapse
|