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Hou H, Lin Y, Pan Y, Ma Y, Hou G, Sun X, Gao F. Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of 68Ga-labeled PSMA tracers with improved pharmacological properties. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 274:116545. [PMID: 38823263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common tumors in men, with the overexpression of prostate-specific membrane. In this study, we developed four new 68Ga-labeled PSMA-targeting tracers by introducing quinoline, phenylalanine and decanoic acid groups to enhance their lipophilicity, strategically limiting their metabolic pathway through the urinary system. Four radiotracers were synthesized with radiochemical purity >95 %, and exhibited high stability in vivo and in vitro. The inhibition constants (Ki) of SDTWS01-04 to PSMA were in the nanomolar range (<10 nM). Micro PET/CT imaging and biodistribution analysis revealed that 68Ga-SDTWS01 enabled clear tumor visualization in PET images at 1.5 h post-injection, with excellent pharmacokinetic properties. Notably, the kidney uptake of 68Ga-SDTWS01 significantly reduced, with higher tumor-to-kidney ratio (0.36 ± 0.02), tumor-to-muscle ratio (24.31 ± 2.10), compared with 68Ga-PSMA-11 (T/K: 0.15 ± 0.01; T/M: 14.97 ± 1.40), suggesting that 68Ga-SDTWS01 is a promising radiotracer for the diagnosis of PCa. Moreover, SDTWS01 with a chelator DOTA could also label 177Lu and 225Ac, which could be used for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yixiang Lin
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yuan Pan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Yuze Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Xiangyang Sun
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Hou H, Pan Y, Wang Y, Ma Y, Niu X, Sun S, Hou G, Tao W, Gao F. Development and first-in-human study of PSMA-targeted PET tracers with improved pharmacokinetic properties. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06726-6. [PMID: 38683349 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A series of new 68Ga-labeled tracers based on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-617 were developed to augment the tumor-to-kidney ratio and reduce the activity accumulation in bladder, ultimately minimize radiation toxicity to the urinary system. METHODS We introduced quinoline group, phenylalanine and decanoic acid into different tracers to enhance their lipophilicity, strategically limiting their metabolic pathway through the urinary system. Their binding affinity onto LNCaP cells was determined through in vitro saturation assays and competition binding assays. In vivo metabolic study, PET imaging and biodistribution experiment were performed in LNCaP tumor-bearing B-NSG male mice. The most promising tracer was selected for first-in-human study. RESULTS Four radiotracers were synthesized with radiochemical purity (RCP) > 95% and molar activity in a range of 20.0-25.5 GBq/μmol. The binding affinities (Ki) of TWS01, TWS02 to PSMA were in the low nanomolar range (< 10 nM), while TWS03 and TWS04 exhibited binding affinities with Ki > 20 nM (59.42 nM for TWS03 and 37.14 nM for TWS04). All radiotracers exhibited high stability in vivo except [68Ga]Ga-TWS03. Micro PET/CT imaging and biodistribution analysis revealed that [68Ga]Ga-TWS02 enabled clear tumor visualization in PET images at 1.5 h post-injection, with higher tumor-to-kidney ratio (T/K, 0.93) and tumor-to-muscle ratio (T/M, 107.62) compared with [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-617 (T/K: 0.39, T/M: 15.01) and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 (T/K: 0.15, T/M: 24.00). In first-in-human study, [68Ga]Ga-TWS02 effectively detected PCa-associated lesions including primary and metastatic lesions, with lower accumulation in urinary system, suggesting that [68Ga]Ga-TWS02 might be applied in the detection of bladder invasion, with minimized radiation toxicity to the urinary system. CONCLUSION Introduction of quinoline group, phenylalanine and decanoic acid into different tracers can modulate the binding affinity and pharmacokinetics of PSMA in vivo. [68Ga]Ga-TWS02 showed high binding affinity to PSMA, excellent pharmacokinetic properties and clear imaging of PCa-associated lesions, making it a promising radiotracer for the clinical diagnosis of PCa. Moreover, TWS02 with a chelator DOTA could also label 177Lu and 225Ac, which could be used for PCa treatment without significant side effects. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical evaluation of this study was registered On October 30, 2021 at https://www.chictr.org.cn/ (No: ChiCTR2100052545).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Pan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yanzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuze Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaobing Niu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe West Road, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suan Sun
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe West Road, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guihua Hou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Weijing Tao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 Huanghe West Road, Huai'an, 223300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Research Center for Experimental Nuclear Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Kálmán-Szabó I, Bunda S, Lihi N, Szaniszló Z, Szikra D, Szabó Péliné J, Fekete A, Gyuricza B, Szücs D, Papp G, Trencsényi G, Kálmán FK. 61Cu-Labelled radiodiagnostics of melanoma with NAPamide-targeted radiopharmaceutical. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122527. [PMID: 36566825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is a major public health problem with an increasing incidence and mortality in the Caucasian population due to its significant metastatic potential. The early detection of this cancer type by imaging techniques like positron emission tomography acts as an important contributor to the long-term survival. Based on literature data, the radio labelled alpha-MSH analog NAPamide molecule is an appropriate diagnostic tool for the detection of melanoma tumors. Inspired by these facts, a new radiotracer, the [61Cu]Cu-KFTG-NAPamide has been synthesized to exploit the beneficial features of the positron emitter 61Cu and the melanoma specificity of the NAPamide molecule. In this work, we report a new member of the CB-15aneN5 ligand family (KFTG) as the chelator for 61Cu(II) complexation. On the basis of the thorough physico-chemical characterization, the rigid [Cu(KFTG)]+ complex exhibits fast complex formation (t1/2 = 155 s at pH 5.0 and 25 °C) and high inertness (t1/2 = 2.0 h in 5.0 M HCl at 50 °C) as well as moderate superoxide dismutase activity (IC50 = 2.3 μM). Furthermore, the [61Cu]Cu-KFTG-NAPamide possesses outstanding features in the diagnostics of B16-F10 melanoma tumors by PET imaging: (T/M(SUVs) (in vivo): appr. 14, %ID/g: 7 ± 1 and T/M (ex vivo): 315 ± 24 at 180 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Kálmán-Szabó
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bunda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Norbert Lihi
- ELKH-DE, Mechanisms of Complex Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Chemical Reactions Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Szaniszló
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dezső Szikra
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Szabó Péliné
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anikó Fekete
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Barbara Gyuricza
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dániel Szücs
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Papp
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Trencsényi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; Gyula Petrányi Doctoral School of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei St. 98, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc K Kálmán
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
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Zhang X, Li M, Gai Y, Chen J, Tao J, Yang L, Hu F, Song W, Yen TC, Lan X. 18F-PFPN PET: A New and Attractive Imaging Modality for Patients with Malignant Melanoma. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1537-1543. [PMID: 35115367 PMCID: PMC9536710 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
18F-FDG PET has limited diagnostic applications in malignant melanoma (MM). 18F-N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-5-(2-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)picolinamide (18F-PFPN) is a novel PET probe with high affinity and selectivity for melanin. We conducted a clinical study with 2 aims, first to investigate the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 18F-PFPN in healthy volunteers, and second, to examine the diagnostic utility of 18F-PFPN PET imaging in patients with MM. Methods: 18F-PFPN was synthesized through a fluoro-for-tosyl exchange reaction. Five healthy volunteers were enrolled to investigate the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, radiation dosimetry, and safety of the tracer. Subsequently, a total of 21 patients with clinically suspected or confirmed MM underwent both 18F-PFPN PET/MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans. The normalized SUVmax of selected lesions was determined for both tracers and compared in patient- and lesion-based analyses. Results: 18F-PFPN has an elevated radiochemical yield and was highly stable in vivo. In healthy volunteers, 18F-PFPN was safe and well tolerated, and its effective absorbed dose was comparable to that of 18F-FDG. In patient-based analysis, 18F-PFPN uptake was higher than 18F-FDG for both primary tumors and nodal metastases. In lesion-based analysis,18F-PFPN PET imaging could detect 365 metastases that were missed on 18F-FDG PET. Additionally, 18F-PFPN PET imaging had clinical value in distinguishing false-positive lesions on 18F-FDG PET. Conclusion: 18F-PFPN is a safe and well-tolerated melanin PET tracer. In a pilot clinical study, 18F-PFPN PET imaging outperformed traditional 18F-FDG PET in identifying both primary MM and its distant spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengting Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenyu Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
| | - Tzu-Chen Yen
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; and
- Aprinoia Therapeutics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Lan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, China
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Seo SH, Jo JK, Kim EJ, Park SE, Shin SY, Park KM, Son HS. Metabolomics Reveals the Alteration of Metabolic Pathway by Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone in B16F10 Melanoma Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153384. [PMID: 32722640 PMCID: PMC7436294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to understand the changes of metabolic pathway induced by alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) in B16F10 melanoma cells in an untargeted metabolomics approach. Cells were treated with 100 nM of α-MSH and then incubated for 48 h. α-MSH increased tyrosinase activity and melanin content by 56.5 and 61.7%, respectively, compared to untreated cells after 48 h of cultivation. The clear separation between groups was observed in the principal component analysis score plot, indicating that the levels of metabolites of melanoma cells were altered by treatment with α-MSH. Metabolic pathways affected by α-MSH were involved in some amino acid metabolisms. The increased levels of fumaric acid, malic acid, oxaloacetic acid and citric acid related to the citric acid cycle pathway after α-MSH treatment suggested enhanced energy metabolism. Metabolic pathways altered by α-MSH treatment can provide useful information to develop new skin pigmentation inhibitors or anti-obesity drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ho Seo
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (J.K.J.); (E.-J.K.); (S.-E.P.)
| | - Jae Kwon Jo
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (J.K.J.); (E.-J.K.); (S.-E.P.)
| | - Eun-Ju Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (J.K.J.); (E.-J.K.); (S.-E.P.)
| | - Seong-Eun Park
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (J.K.J.); (E.-J.K.); (S.-E.P.)
| | - Seo Yeon Shin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea;
| | - Kyung Mok Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.M.P.); (H.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-32-551-3629 (K.M.P.); +82-61-330-3513 (H.-S.S.)
| | - Hong-Seok Son
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea; (S.-H.S.); (J.K.J.); (E.-J.K.); (S.-E.P.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.P.); (H.-S.S.); Tel.: +82-32-551-3629 (K.M.P.); +82-61-330-3513 (H.-S.S.)
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Klenner MA, Darwish T, Fraser BH, Massi M, Pascali G. Labeled Rhenium Complexes: Radiofluorination, α-MSH Cyclization, and Deuterium Substitutions. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A. Klenner
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia 6102
| | - Tamim Darwish
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
| | - Benjamin H. Fraser
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia 6102
| | - Giancarlo Pascali
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia 2031
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales, Australia 2052
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Gao F, Sihver W, Bergmann R, Walther M, Stephan H, Belter B, Neuber C, Haase-Kohn C, Bolzati C, Pietzsch J, Pietzsch HJ. Radiochemical and radiopharmacological characterization of a 64 Cu-labeled α-MSH analog conjugated with different chelators. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:495-509. [PMID: 30912594 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiolabeled α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) derivatives have a high potential for diagnosis and treatment of melanoma, because of high specificity and binding affinity to the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R). Hence, the α-MSH-derived peptide NAP-NS1 with a β-Ala linker (ε-Ahx-β-Ala-Nle-Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-NH2 ) was conjugated to different chelators: either to NOTA (p-SCN-Bn-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid), to a hexadentate bispidine carbonate derivative (dimethyl-9-(((4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyl)oxy)-2,4-di(pyridin-2-yl)-3,7-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-3,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-1,5-dicarboxylate), or to DMPTACN (p-SCN-Ph-bis(2-pyridyl-methyl)-1,4,7-triaza-cyclononane), labeled with 64 Cu, and investigated in terms of radiochemical and radiopharmacological properties. For the three 64 Cu-labeled conjugates negligible transchelation, suitable buffer and serum stability, as well as appropriate water solubility, was determined. The three conjugates exhibited high binding affinity (low nanomolar range) in murine B16F10, human MeWo, and human TXM13 cells. The Bmax values of [64 Cu]Cu-bispidine-NAP-NS1 ([64 Cu]Cu-2) and [64 Cu]Cu-DMPTACN-NAP-NS1 ([64 Cu]Cu-3) were higher than those of [64 Cu]Cu-NOTA-NAP-NS1 ([64 Cu]Cu-1), implying that different charged chelate units might have an impact on binding capacity. Preliminary in vivo biodistribution studies suggested the main excretion pathway of [64 Cu]Cu-1 and [64 Cu]Cu-3 to be renal, while that of [64 Cu]Cu-2 seemed to be both renal and hepatobiliary. An initial moderate uptake in the kidney decreased clearly after 60 minutes. All three 64 Cu-labeled conjugates should be considered for further in vivo investigations using a suitable xenograft mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wiebke Sihver
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Walther
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger Stephan
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Belter
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christin Neuber
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cathleen Haase-Kohn
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cristina Bolzati
- Italian National Research Council - CNR, Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Energy Technologies ICMATE-CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.,School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Franco Machado J, Silva RD, Melo R, G Correia JD. Less Exploited GPCRs in Precision Medicine: Targets for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics. Molecules 2018; 24:E49. [PMID: 30583594 PMCID: PMC6337414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine relies on individually tailored therapeutic intervention taking into account individual variability. It is strongly dependent on the availability of target-specific drugs and/or imaging agents that recognize molecular targets and patient-specific disease mechanisms. The most sensitive molecular imaging modalities, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), rely on the interaction between an imaging radioprobe and a target. Moreover, the use of target-specific molecular tools for both diagnostics and therapy, theranostic agents, represent an established methodology in nuclear medicine that is assuming an increasingly important role in precision medicine. The design of innovative imaging and/or theranostic agents is key for further accomplishments in the field. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), apart from being highly relevant drug targets, have also been largely exploited as molecular targets for non-invasive imaging and/or systemic radiotherapy of various diseases. Herein, we will discuss recent efforts towards the development of innovative imaging and/or theranostic agents targeting selected emergent GPCRs, namely the Frizzled receptor (FZD), Ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a), G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), and Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR). The pharmacological and clinical relevance will be highlighted, giving particular attention to the studies on the synthesis and characterization of targeted molecular imaging agents, biological evaluation, and potential clinical applications in oncology and non-oncology diseases. Whenever relevant, supporting computational studies will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Franco Machado
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Rúben D Silva
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Rita Melo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; Rua Larga, Faculdade de Medicina, Polo I, 1ºandar, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - João D G Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
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9
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David T, Hlinová V, Kubíček V, Bergmann R, Striese F, Berndt N, Szöllősi D, Kovács T, Máthé D, Bachmann M, Pietzsch HJ, Hermann P. Improved Conjugation, 64-Cu Radiolabeling, in Vivo Stability, and Imaging Using Nonprotected Bifunctional Macrocyclic Ligands: Bis(Phosphinate) Cyclam (BPC) Chelators. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8774-8796. [PMID: 30180567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bifunctional derivatives of bis(phosphinate)-bearing cyclam (BPC) chelators bearing a carboxylate, amine, isothiocyanate, azide, or cyclooctyne in the BP side chain were synthesized. Conjugations required no protection of phosphinate or ring secondary amine groups. The ring amines were not reactive (proton protected) at pH < ∼8. For isothiocyanate coupling, oligopeptide N-terminal α-amines were more suitable than alkyl amines, e.g., Lys ω-amine (p Ka ∼7.5-8.5 and ∼10-11, respectively) due to lower basicity. The Cu-64 labeling was efficient at room temperature (specific activity ∼100 GBq/μmol; 25 °C, pH 6.2, ∼100 ligand equiv, 10 min). A representative Cu-64-BPC was tested in vivo showing fast clearance and no nonspecific radioactivity deposition. The monoclonal anti-PSCA antibody 7F5 conjugates with thiocyanate BPC derivative or NODAGA were radiolabeled and studied in PC3-PSCA tumor bearing mice by PET. The radiolabeled BPC conjugate was accumulated in the prostate tumor with a low off-target uptake, unlike Cu-64-labeled NODAGA-antibody conjugate. The BPC chelators have a great potential for theranostic applications of the Cu-64/Cu-67 matched pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš David
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University , Hlavova 2030 , 128 40 Prague , Czech Republic.,Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Bautzner Landstrasse 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
| | - Veronika Hlinová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University , Hlavova 2030 , 128 40 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kubíček
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University , Hlavova 2030 , 128 40 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Bautzner Landstrasse 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
| | - Franziska Striese
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Bautzner Landstrasse 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
| | - Nicole Berndt
- Partner Site Dresden , German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) , Fetscherstrasse 74 , 01307 Dresden , Germany.,German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Im Neuenheimer Feld 280 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Dávid Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology , Semmelweis University , Tűzoltó utca 37-47 , H-1094 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Institute of Radiochemistry and Radioecology , University of Pannonia , Egyetem St. 10 , H-8200 Veszprém , Hungary.,Social Organization for Radioecological Cleanliness , P.O. Box 158, H-8200 Veszprém , Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology , Semmelweis University , Tűzoltó utca 37-47 , H-1094 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Bautzner Landstrasse 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany.,Tumor Immunology, University Cancer Center (UCC) , "Carl Gustav Carus" Technische Universität Dresden , Fetscherstrasse 74 , 01307 Dresden , Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) , "Carl Gustav Carus" Technische Universität Dresden , Fetscherstrasse 74 , 01307 Dresden , Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research , Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Bautzner Landstrasse 400 , 01328 Dresden , Germany
| | - Petr Hermann
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Charles University , Hlavova 2030 , 128 40 Prague , Czech Republic
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10
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Ma X, Wang S, Wang S, Liu D, Zhao X, Chen H, Kang F, Yang W, Wang J, Cheng Z. Biodistribution, Radiation Dosimetry, and Clinical Application of a Melanin-Targeted PET Probe, 18F-P3BZA, in Patients. J Nucl Med 2018; 60:16-22. [DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.209643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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11
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Gao F, Sihver W, Bergmann R, Belter B, Bolzati C, Salvarese N, Steinbach J, Pietzsch J, Pietzsch HJ. Synthesis, Characterization, and Initial Biological Evaluation of [ 99m Tc]Tc-Tricarbonyl-labeled DPA-α-MSH Peptide Derivatives for Potential Melanoma Imaging. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1146-1158. [PMID: 29659163 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
α-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) derivatives target the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) specifically and selectively. In this study, the α-MSH-derived peptide NAP-NS1 (Nle-Asp-His-d-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-NH2 ) with and without linkers was conjugated with 5-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)pentanoic acid (DPA-COOH) and labeled with [99m Tc]Tc-tricarbonyl by two methods. With the one-pot method the labeling was faster than with the two-pot method, while obtaining similarly high yields. Negligible trans-chelation and high stability in physiological solutions was determined for the [99m Tc]Tc-tricarbonyl-peptide conjugates. Coupling an ethylene glycol (EG)-based linker increased the hydrophilicity. The peptide derivatives displayed high binding affinity in murine B16F10 melanoma cells as well as in human MeWo and TXM13 melanoma cell homogenates. Preliminary in vivo studies with one of the [99m Tc]Tc-tricarbonyl-peptide conjugates showed good stability in blood and both renal and hepatobiliary excretion. Biodistribution was performed on healthy rats to gain initial insight into the potential relevance of the 99m Tc-labeled peptides for in vivo imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wiebke Sihver
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birgit Belter
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cristina Bolzati
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy-ICMATE-CNR, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Nicola Salvarese
- Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy-ICMATE-CNR, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Jörg Steinbach
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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12
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New Insights in the Design of Bioactive Peptides and Chelating Agents for Imaging and Therapy in Oncology. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081282. [PMID: 28767081 PMCID: PMC6152110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many synthetic peptides have been developed for diagnosis and therapy of human cancers based on their ability to target specific receptors on cancer cell surface or to penetrate the cell membrane. Chemical modifications of amino acid chains have significantly improved the biological activity, the stability and efficacy of peptide analogues currently employed as anticancer drugs or as molecular imaging tracers. The stability of somatostatin, integrins and bombesin analogues in the human body have been significantly increased by cyclization and/or insertion of non-natural amino acids in the peptide sequences. Moreover, the overall pharmacokinetic properties of such analogues and others (including cholecystokinin, vasoactive intestinal peptide and neurotensin analogues) have been improved by PEGylation and glycosylation. Furthermore, conjugation of those peptide analogues to new linkers and bifunctional chelators (such as AAZTA, TETA, TRAP, NOPO etc.), produced radiolabeled moieties with increased half life and higher binding affinity to the cognate receptors. This review describes the most important and recent chemical modifications introduced in the amino acid sequences as well as linkers and new bifunctional chelators which have significantly improved the specificity and sensitivity of peptides used in oncologic diagnosis and therapy.
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13
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Preclinical evaluation of melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1-R) specific 68Ga- and 44Sc-labeled DOTA-NAPamide in melanoma imaging. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Morais M, Zamora-Carreras H, Raposinho PD, Oliveira MC, Pantoja-Uceda D, Correia JDG, Jiménez MA. NMR Insights into the Structure-Function Relationships in the Binding of Melanocortin Analogues to the MC1R Receptor. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071189. [PMID: 28714883 PMCID: PMC6152105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear and cyclic analogues of the α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) targeting the human melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) are of pharmacological interest for detecting and treating melanoma. The central sequence of α-MSH (His-Phe-Arg-Trp) has been identified as being essential for receptor binding. To deepen current knowledge on the molecular basis for α-MSH bioactivity, we aimed to understand the effect of cycle size on receptor binding. To that end, we synthesised two macrocyclic isomeric α-MSH analogues, c[NH-NO2-C6H3-CO-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-Lys-NH2 (CycN-K6) and c[NH-NO2-C6H3-CO-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Lys-Lys]-NH2 (CycN-K7). Their affinities to MC1R receptor were determined by competitive binding assays, and their structures were analysed by 1H and 13C NMR. These results were compared to those of the previously reported analogue c[S-NO2-C6H3-CO-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-Lys-NH2 (CycS-C6). The MC1R binding affinity of the 22-membered macrocyclic peptide CycN-K6 (IC50 = 155 ± 16 nM) is higher than that found for the 25-membered macrocyclic analogue CycN-K7 (IC50 = 495 ± 101 nM), which, in turn, is higher than that observed for the 19-membered cyclic analogue CycS-C6 (IC50 = 1770 ± 480 nM). NMR structural study indicated that macrocycle size leads to changes in the relative dispositions of the side chains, particularly in the packing of the Arg side chain relative to the aromatic rings. In contrast to the other analogues, the 22-membered cycle’s side chains are favorably positioned for receptor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Morais
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Héctor Zamora-Carreras
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paula D Raposinho
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Maria Cristina Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - David Pantoja-Uceda
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - João D G Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - M Angeles Jiménez
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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15
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Trencsényi G, Dénes N, Nagy G, Kis A, Vida A, Farkas F, Szabó JP, Kovács T, Berényi E, Garai I, Bai P, Hunyadi J, Kertész I. Comparative preclinical evaluation of 68Ga-NODAGA and 68Ga-HBED-CC conjugated procainamide in melanoma imaging. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 139:54-64. [PMID: 28273651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. The early detection of primary melanoma tumors and metastases using non-invasive PET imaging determines the outcome of this disease. Previous studies have shown that benzamide derivatives (e.g. procainamide) conjugated with PET radionuclides specifically bind to melanin pigment of melanoma tumors. 68Ga chelating agents can have high influence on physiological properties of 68Ga labeled bioactive molecules, as was experienced during the application of HBED-CC on PSMA ligand. The aim of this study was to assess this concept in the case of the melanin specific procaindamide (PCA) and to compare the melanin specificity of 68Ga-labeled PCA using HBED-CC and NODAGA chelators under in vitro and in vivo conditions. Procainamide (PCA) was conjugated with HBED-CC and NODAGA chelators and was labeled with Ga-68. The melanin specificity of 68Ga-HBED-CC-PCA and 68Ga-NODAGA-PCA was investigated in vitro and in vivo using amelanotic (MELUR and A375) and melanin containing (B16-F10) melanoma cell lines. Tumor-bearing mice were prepared by subcutaneous injection of B16-F10, MELUR and A375 melanoma cells into C57BL/6 and SCID mice. 21±2days after tumor cell inoculation and 90min after intravenous injection of the 68Ga-labelledlabeled radiopharmacons whole body PET/MRI scans were performed. 68Ga-NODAGA-PCA and 68Ga-HBED-CC-PCA were produced with excellent radiochemical purity (98%). In vitro experiments demonstrated that after 30 and 90min incubation time 68Ga-NODAGA-PCA uptake of B16-F10 cells was significantly (p≤0.01) higher than the 68Ga-HBED-CC-conjugated PCA accumulation in the same cell line. Furthermore, significant difference (p≤0.01 and 0.05) was found between the uptake of melanin negative and positive cell lines using 68Ga-NODAGA-PCA and 68Ga-HBED-CC-PCA. In vivo PET/MRI studies using tumor models revealed significantly (p≤0.01) higher 68Ga-NODAGA-PCA uptake (SUVmean: 0.46±0.05, SUVmax: 1.96±0.25,T/M ratio: 40.7±4.23) in B16-F10 tumors in contrast to 68Ga-HBED-CC-PCA where the SUVmean, SUVmax and T/M ratio were 0.13±0.01, 0.56±0.11 and 11.43±1.24, respectively. Melanin specific PCA conjugated with NODAGA chelator showed higher specific binding properties than conjugated with HBED-CC. The chemical properties of the bifunctional chelators used for 68Ga-labeling of PCA determine the biological behaviour of the probes. Due to the high specificity and sensitivity 68Ga-labeled PCA molecules are promising radiotracers in melanoma imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- György Trencsényi
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; Scanomed LTD, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Noémi Dénes
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Adrienn Kis
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - András Vida
- Department of Medical Chemisty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Flóra Farkas
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit P Szabó
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Kovács
- Department of Medical Chemisty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ervin Berényi
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemisty, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary; MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Debrecen, Hungary; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Hunyadi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - István Kertész
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nuclear Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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16
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Bapst JP, Eberle AN. Receptor-Mediated Melanoma Targeting with Radiolabeled α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone: Relevance of the Net Charge of the Ligand. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:93. [PMID: 28491052 PMCID: PMC5405074 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A majority of melanotic and amelanotic melanomas overexpress melanocortin type 1 receptors (MC1Rs) for α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Radiolabeled linear or cyclic analogs of α-MSH have a great potential as diagnostic or therapeutic tools for the management of malignant melanoma. Compounds such as [111In]DOTA-NAP-amide exhibit high affinity for the MC1R in vitro, good tumor uptake in vivo, but they may suffer from relatively high kidney uptake and retention in vivo. We have shown previously that the introduction of negative charges into radiolabeled DOTA-NAP-amide peptide analogs may enhance their excretion and reduce kidney retention. To address the question of where to place negative charges within the ligand, we have extended these studies by designing two novel peptides, Ac-Nle-Asp-His-d-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys(DOTA)-d-Asp-d-Asp-OH (DOTA-NAP-d-Asp-d-Asp) with three negative charges at the C-terminal end (overall net charge of the molecule -2) and DOTA-Gly-Tyr(P)-Nle-Asp-His-d-Phe-Arg-Trp-NH2 (DOTA-Phospho-MSH2-9) with two negative charges in the N-terminal region (net charge -1). The former peptide showed markedly reduced receptor affinity and biological activity by >10-fold compared to DOTA-NAP-amide as reference compound, and the latter peptide displayed similar bioactivity and receptor affinity as the reference compound. The uptake by melanoma tumor tissue of [111In]DOTA-Phospho-MSH2-9 was 7.33 ± 0.47 %ID/g 4 h after injection, i.e., almost equally high as with [111In]DOTA-NAP-amide. The kidney retention was 2.68 ± 0.18 %ID/g 4 h after injection and hence 44% lower than that of [111In]DOTA-NAP-amide. Over an observation period from 4 to 48 h, the tumor-to-kidney ratio of [111In]DOTA-Phospho-MSH2-9 was 35% more favorable than that of the reference compound. In a comparison of DOTA-NAP-d-Asp-d-Asp, DOTA-Phospho-MSH2-9 and DOTA-NAP-amide with five previously published analogs of DOTA-NAP-amide that altogether cover a range of peptides with an overall net charge between +2 and -2, we now demonstrate that a net charge of -1, with the extra negative charges preferably placed in the N-terminal region, has led to the lowest kidney uptake and retention. Charges of +2 or -2 markedly increased kidney uptake and retention. In conclusion, the novel DOTA-Phospho-MSH2-9 may represent a new lead compound for negatively charged linear MC1R ligands that can be further developed into a clinically relevant melanoma targeting radiopeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Bapst
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University Children’s Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex N. Eberle
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University Children’s Hospital, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Collegium Helveticum, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Alex N. Eberle,
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17
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Carta D, Salvarese N, Morellato N, Gao F, Sihver W, Pietzsch HJ, Biondi B, Ruzza P, Refosco F, Carpanese D, Rosato A, Bolzati C. Melanoma targeting with [ 99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled α-melanocyte stimulating hormone peptide analogs: Effects of cyclization on the radiopharmaceutical properties. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 43:788-801. [PMID: 27694057 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cyclization on the biological profile of a [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled α-melanocyte stimulating hormone peptide analog. A lactam bridge-cyclized H-Cys-Ahx-βAla3-c[Lys4-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Glu10]-Arg11-Pro-Val-NH2 (NAP-NS2) and the corresponding linear H-Cys-Ahx-βAla-Nle-Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-NH2 (NAP-NS1) peptide were synthetized, characterized by ESI-MS spectroscopy and their melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) binding affinity was determined in B16/F10 melanoma cells. The consistent [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled compounds were readily obtained in high specific activity and their stability and biological properties were assessed. As an example, the chemical identity of [99mTc(N)(NAP-NS1)(PNP3)]+ was confirmed by carrier added experiments supported by radio/UV HPLC analysis combined with ESI(+)-MS. Compared with the linear peptide, cyclization negatively affected the biological properties of NAP-NS2 peptide by reducing its binding affinity for MC1R and by decreasing the overall excretion rate of the corresponding [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled peptide from the body as well as its in vivo stability. [99mTc(N)(NAP-NS1)(PNP3)]+ was evaluated for its potential as melanoma imaging probe in murine melanoma model. Data from in vitro and in vivo studies on B16/F10 melanoma model of [99mTc(N)(NAP-NS1)(PNP3)]+ clearly evidenced that the radiolabeled linear peptide keeps its biological properties up on the conjugation to the [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-building block. The progressive increase of the tumor-to-nontarget ratios over the time indicates a quite stable interaction between the radio-complex and the MC1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Carta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Nicolò Morellato
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Feng Gao
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wiebke Sihver
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans Jurgen Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Debora Carpanese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35138 Padova
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35138 Padova,; Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
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