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Wang X, Zhu P, Sun Z, Zhang J, Sun C. Uterine Metabolomic Analysis for the Regulation of Eggshell Calcification in Chickens. Metabolites 2021; 11:575. [PMID: 34564391 PMCID: PMC8469744 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Eggshell quality is economically important for table eggs and functionally indispensable for hatching eggs. During the formation of eggshell in the uterus, organic matrixes in uterine fluid can control and modify the formation of calcified eggshell. At present, there are limited studies focusing on the effect of uterine organic metabolites on eggshell quality. In this study, an LC-MS-based metabolomic technology was performed to identify the crucial uterine metabolites that differently presented in hens producing eggs with divergent eggshell quality (eggshell strength, thickness, and weight). More than 1000 metabolites were identified in uterine fluid, and six putative metabolites, including phosphatidylcholine, diacylglycerol, verapamil, risedronate, coproporphyrinogen III, and biliverdin, were screened to play crucial roles in eggshell calcification. Then, two trials for oral administration and in vitro calcite crystal growth were conducted to verify the effect of potential different metabolites on the eggshell quality. Verapamil has a temporary effect on decreasing eggshell strength and eggshell thickness. Coproporphyrinogen III could induce smaller calcite crystals to improve eggshell strength while biliverdin could modify crystal morphology by forming rougher faces and rounder edges to strengthen the eggshell. The present study gives us new insight to understand the role of uterine fluid matrixes in eggshell calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqiong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Ping Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Zhihua Sun
- National Animal Husbandry Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;
| | - Junnan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Congjiao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (X.W.); (P.Z.); (J.Z.)
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Effects of risedronate, alendronate, and minodronate alone or in combination with eldecalcitol on bone mineral density, quality, and strength in ovariectomized rats. Bone Rep 2021; 14:101061. [PMID: 33898659 PMCID: PMC8055548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy of active vitamin D3 with some bisphosphonates (BPs) has been reported to be clinically beneficial. However, combination therapy of eldecalcitol (ELD) with BP has to date not been validated as to whether it is beneficial in the clinical setting. Preclinical studies suggested that simultaneous treatment with ELD and some BPs is more effective than monotherapy. However, the relative potency of various BPs, when used in combination with ELD, is completely unknown. In this study, we examined and compared the effects of risedronate (RIS), alendronate (ALN), and minodronate (MIN) alone or in combination with ELD on bone mass, microarchitecture, strength, and material properties in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats aged 13 weeks. RIS, ALN, MIN, and ELD were administered five times weekly for 16 weeks. Micro-computed tomography analysis, compression test, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging analysis were performed 16 weeks after treatment initiation. Trabecular and cortical bone mineral density (BMD) in the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4) significantly increased in the RIS + ELD, ALN + ELD, and MIN + ELD groups compared with the vehicle group. Moreover, the bone microarchitecture of L4 in all the BP + ELD groups also significantly improved. On mechanical testing of L4, the maximum load was significantly increased in the RIS + ELD and ALN + ELD groups. FTIR analysis revealed that the mineral-to-collagen ratio of trabecular bone in L3 of all the BP + ELD groups was significantly increased compared with the vehicle group. By contrast, the carbonate-to-phosphate ratio, a parameter of mineral immaturity, was significantly decreased in the RIS + ELD and ALN + ELD groups. BP + ELD improved the BMD and structural properties of the bone to a similar extent. RIS + ELD and ALN + ELD also improved bone strength. Furthermore, treatment with BP + ELD improved the bone material. These results suggest that the combination therapy of BP and ELD is beneficial and warrants further clinical trials. Combination of bisphosphonates and eldecalcitol was superior to either monotherapy. Bone quality on FTIR imaging analysis correlated with bone strength. Combined bisphosphonate and eldecalcitol may be useful in the clinical setting.
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Key Words
- ALF, alfacalcidol
- ALN, alendronate
- Alendronate
- BMD, bone mineral density
- BPs, bisphosphonates
- Combination therapy
- ELD, eldecalcitol
- Eldecalcitol
- FTIR imaging
- FTIR, Fourier transform infrared
- MIN, minodronate
- Minodronate
- OVX, ovariectomized
- RIS, risedronate
- Risedronate
- micro-CT, micro-computed tomography
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Burr DB. Fifty years of bisphosphonates: What are their mechanical effects on bone? Bone 2020; 138:115518. [PMID: 32622873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
After fifty years of experience with several generations of bisphosphonates (BPs), and 25 years after these drugs were approved for use in humans, their mechanical effects on bone are still not fully understood. Certainly, these drugs have transformed the treatment of osteoporosis in both men and women. There is no question that they do prevent fractures related to low bone mass, and there is widespread agreement that they increase strength and stiffness of the vertebrae. There is less consensus, however, about their effects on cortical bone, or on bone tissue properties in either trabecular or cortical bone, or their effects with longer periods of treatment. The consensus of most studies, both those based on ovariectomized and intact animal models and on testing of human bone, is that long-term treatment and/or high doses with certain BPs make the bone tissue more brittle and less tough. This translates into reduced energy to fracture and potentially a shorter bone fatigue life. Many studies have been done, but Interpretation of the results of these studies is complicated by variations in which BP is used, the animal model used, dose, duration, and methods of testing. Duration effects and effects on impact properties of bone are gaps that should be filled with additional testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Burr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States of America.
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Effect of osteoporosis treatment agents on the cortical bone osteocyte microenvironment in adult estrogen-deficient, osteopenic rats. Bone Rep 2018; 8:115-124. [PMID: 29955630 PMCID: PMC6020081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Though osteoporosis is a significant cause of disability worldwide, treatment with pharmacologic agents decreases risk of fragility fracture. Though these treatments act through the bone remodeling system to improve bone mass, it is unclear if they alter the response of bone to mechanical loading at the level of the osteocyte. This pre-clinical study determined the relationship between microstructural bone tissue properties and osteocyte lacunar size and density to strain around osteocytes with standard osteoporosis treatment or sequential therapies. Six-month-old female ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague-Dawley rats were cycled through various sequences of pharmacological treatments [alendronate (Aln), raloxifene (Ral) and human parathyroid hormone-1,34 (PTH)] for three month intervals, over nine months. Linear nanoindentation mapping was used to determine Young's modulus in perilacunar and bone matrix regions around cortical bone osteocyte lacunae. Measurements of lacunar diameter and density were completed. Treatment-related differences in Young's modulus in the perilacunar and bone matrix regions were not observed. We confirmed previous data that showed that the bone matrix region was stiffer than the perilacunar matrix region. Whole bone material properties were correlated to perilacunar matrix stiffness. Finite element models predicted a range of mechanical strain amplification factors estimated at the osteocyte across treatment groups. In summary, though the perilacunar matrix near cortical osteocyte lacuna is not as stiff as bone matrix further away, osteoporosis treatment agents do not affect the stiffness of bone tissue near osteocyte lacunae. Monotherapy with osteoporosis treatment agents does not affect the stiffness of bone tissue around osteocyte lacunae. Sequential use of osteoporosis treatment agents does not affect bone tissue stiffness around osteocyte lacunae. Perilacunar cortical bone tissue is not as stiff as bone matrix further from osteocyte lacunae. Whole bone material properties are negatively correlated to the stiffness of perilacunar bone tissue.
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Yano T, Yamada M, Inoue D. Effect of Sequential Treatment with Bisphosphonates After Teriparatide in Ovariectomized Rats: A Direct Comparison Between Risedronate and Alendronate. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 101:102-110. [PMID: 28337514 PMCID: PMC5486924 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0263-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Teriparatide (TPTD), a recombinant human parathyroid hormone N-terminal fragment (1-34), is a widely used bone anabolic drug for osteoporosis. Sequential treatment with antiresorptives such as bisphosphonates after TPTD discontinuation is generally recommended. However, relative effects of bisphosphonates have not been determined. In the present study, we directly compared effects of risedronate (RIS) and alendronate (ALN) on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover, structural property and strength in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, when administered after TPTD. Female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into one sham-operated and eight ovariectomized groups. TPTD, RIS, and ALN were given subcutaneously twice per week for 4 or 8 weeks after 4 week treatment with TPTD. TPTD significantly increased BMD (+9.6%) in OVX rats after 4 weeks of treatment. 8 weeks after TPTD withdrawal, vehicle-treated group showed a blunted BMD increase of +8.4% from the baseline. In contrast, 8 weeks of treatment with RIS and ALN significantly increased BMD to 17.4 and 21.8%, respectively. While ALN caused a consistently larger increase in BMD, sequential treatment with RIS resulted in lower Tb.Sp compared to ALN in the fourth lumbar vertebra as well as in greater stiffness in compression test. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that sequential therapy with ALN and RIS after TPTD both improved bone mass and structure. Our results further suggest that RIS may have a greater effect on improving bone quality and stiffness than ALN despite less prominent effect on BMD. Further studies are necessary to determine clinical relevance of these findings to fracture rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Yano
- Research Institute, EA Pharma Co., Ltd, 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Mei Yamada
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Daisuke Inoue
- Third Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara-shi, Chiba, 299-0111, Japan
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Burr DB. Bone Biomechanics and Bone Quality: Effects of Pharmaceutical Agents Used to Treat Osteoporosis. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-016-9217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Kim S, Bang HH, Yoo H, Park IH, Yang KH, Lim H, Jung WS. Difference in Bone Mineral Density Change at the Lateral Femoral Cortices according to Administration of Different Bisphosphonate Agents. J Bone Metab 2016; 23:85-93. [PMID: 27294080 PMCID: PMC4900964 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2016.23.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To retrospectively assess whether the response of subtrochanteric lateral cortex (STLC) is different according to the bisphosphonate agents in terms of bone mineral density (BMD) change. METHODS A total of 149 subjects, who had 2- to 4-year interval follow-up of BMD using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), were included in this retrospective study divided into following 3 groups: control group (no consumption of any anti-osteoporotic drugs, n=38), alendronate group (naïve alendronate users, n=48), risedronate group (naïve risedronate users, n=63). BMD was measured at the STLC and subtrochanteric medial cortex (STMC) in each patient by drawing rectangular ROIs at the bone cortices. The percent change of BMD at the STLC were compared between the aforementioned 3 groups by using analysis of covariance model to control five independent variables of age, body mass index, percent change of STMC, hip axis length, time interval between DXA examinations. RESULTS The least square mean values±standard deviation of the percent change of BMD in the control, alendronate, and risedronate groups were 1.46±1.50, 2.23±1.26, and 6.96±1.11, respectively. The risedronate group showed significantly higher change of BMD percentage compared with the control (adjusted P=0.012) or alendronate (adjusted P=0.016) groups. CONCLUSIONS The percent change of BMD at the STLC in the risedronate user group was greater than the alendronate and control groups. The implication of these changes needs to be further verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Hee Bang
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hanna Yoo
- Biostatistics Collaboration Lab, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Hyung Park
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyun Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunsun Lim
- Department of Policy Research Affairs, National Health Insurance Service, Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Woo Seok Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Kim HB, Kwon BJ, Cho HJ, Kim JW, Chon JW, Do MH, Park SY, Kim SY, Maeng SH, Park YK, Park JH. Long-term Treatment with Oriental Medicinal Herb Artemisia princeps Alters Neuroplasticity in a Rat Model of Ovarian Hormone Deficiency. Exp Neurobiol 2015; 24:71-83. [PMID: 25792871 PMCID: PMC4363335 DOI: 10.5607/en.2015.24.1.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia princeps (AP) is a flowering perennial used as a traditional medicine and dietary supplement across East Asia. No study has yet assessed its effects on synaptic plasticity in hippocampus and much less in a model of ovarian hormone deficiency. We examined the influence of chronic oral AP ethanol extract treatment in ovariectomized rats on the induction of long-term depression in a representative synapse (CA3-CA1) of the hippocampus. Ovariectomized rats demonstrated lower trabecular mean bone mineral densities than sham, validating the establishment of pathology. Against this background of pathology, AP-treated ovariectomized rats exhibited attenuated long-term depression (LTD) in CA1 relative to water-treated controls as measured by increased field excitatory post-synaptic potentials (fEPSP) activation averages over the post-stimulation period. While pathological significance of long-term depression (LTD) in ovariectomized rats is conflicting, that AP treatment significantly affected its induction offers justification for further study of its influences on plasticity and its related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Bum Kim
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Byeong-Jae Kwon
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Cho
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Jeong-Woo Chon
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Moon-Ho Do
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Korea
| | - Sang-Yong Park
- Department of Oriental Medicinal Materials and Processing, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Sun-Yeou Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Korea
| | - Sung-Ho Maeng
- Department of East-West Medicine, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Yoo-Kyoung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea. ; Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of East-West Medicine, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea. ; Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea
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