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Margetić A, Nikolić S, Grgurić-Šipka S, Vujčić MT. Interaction of organoruthenium(II)-polypyridyl complexes with DNA and BSA. Biometals 2022; 35:813-829. [PMID: 35708875 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of four arene ruthenium complexes [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(Me2dppz)Cl]PF6 (1) with Me2dppz = 11,12-dimethyldipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine, [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(aip)Cl]PF6 (2) with aip = 2-(9-anthryl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline), ([(ƞ6-toluene)Ru(ppf)Cl]PF6) (3) and ([(ƞ6-p-cymene)Ru(ppf)Cl]PF6) (4) with ppf = pyrido[2',3':5,6] pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline with calf thymus DNA were investigated. All of four complexes exhibit DNA-binding activity. UV-Vis spectroscopic studies revealed the intrinsic binding constants of the order 104 M-1 of magnitude, indicating non-intercalative mode. Fluorescence quenching analysis showed that all complexes interfere with intercalator ethidium bromide and minor groove binder Hoechst 33258 by a singular non-intercalative mode with extent that differs by two orders of magnitude. Gel electrophoresis results on DNA cleavage assay demonstrated that all complexes produced conformational changes of supercoiled circular plasmid pUC19 in concentration dependent way. The results of fluorescence titration bovine serum albumin by 1, 2, 3 and 4 showed that all complexes significantly quench tryptophan residues fluorescence through a static quenching mechanism. The antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria analyzed. Complex 1 was most active, even on Escherichia coli was more active than positive control compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Margetić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Belgrade - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stefan Nikolić
- Innovative Centre Faculty of Chemistry Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Grgurić-Šipka
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Miroslava T Vujčić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Belgrade - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Njegoševa 12, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Dutta Choudhury S, Pal H. Supramolecular and suprabiomolecular photochemistry: a perspective overview. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 22:23433-23463. [PMID: 33112299 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03981k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this perspective review article, we have attempted to bring out the important current trends of research in the areas of supramolecular and suprabiomolecular photochemistry. Since the spans of the subject areas are very vast, it is impossible to cover all the aspects within the limited space of this review article. Nevertheless, efforts have been made to assimilate the basic understanding of how supramolecular interactions can significantly change the photophysical and other related physiochemical properties of chromophoric dyes and drugs, which have enormous academic and practical implications. We have discussed with reference to relevant chemical systems where supramolecularly assisted modulations in the properties of chromophoric dyes and drugs can be used or have already been used in different areas like sensing, dye/drug stabilization, drug delivery, functional materials, and aqueous dye laser systems. In supramolecular assemblies, along with their conventional photophysical properties, the acid-base properties of prototropic dyes, as well as the excited state prototautomerization and related proton transfer behavior of proton donor/acceptor dye molecules, are also largely modulated due to supramolecular interactions, which are often reflected very explicitly through changes in their absorption and fluorescence characteristics, providing us many useful insights into these chemical systems and bringing out intriguing applications of such changes in different applied areas. Another interesting research area in supramolecular photochemistry is the excitation energy transfer from the donor to acceptor moieties in self-assembled systems which have immense importance in light harvesting applications, mimicking natural photosynthetic systems. In this review article, we have discussed varieties of these aspects, highlighting their academic and applied implications. We have tried to emphasize the progress made so far and thus to bring out future research perspectives in the subject areas concerned, which are anticipated to find many useful applications in areas like sensors, catalysis, electronic devices, pharmaceuticals, drug formulations, nanomedicine, light harvesting, and smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Dutta Choudhury
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India. and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Trombay, Mumbai-400094, India
| | - Haridas Pal
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Trombay, Mumbai-400094, India and Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400085, India.
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Bhattacharya P, Mukherjee S, Mandal SM. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics show genotoxic effect through DNA-binding and oxidative damage. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 227:117634. [PMID: 31756649 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The fluoroquinolones (FQs) are one the most successful class of synthetic antibiotics that primarily target the type II topoisomerases. With a pursuit to evaluate their genotoxicity, the present work established moderate to good DNA-damaging properties of some of the well-known and clinically prescribed fluoroquinolone antibiotics (2nd and 3rd generation). Hypochromic shift in UV-Vis absorption titration, fluorescence quenching in competitive ethidium bromide displacement assay (with calf-thymus DNA) and in-silico studies established DNA-intercalation with binding constants of the order 104. A basic Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) has been derived from the docking results. MTT assay has been also done to evaluate the effect of these antibiotics on cell viability. The expression level of specific DNA-glycosylase enzymes responsible for repairing the oxidized DNA bases are quantified through western blot analysis. The studies revealed that fluoroquinolone antibiotics initiate the genotoxic effect at a concentration of above 50 μg/mL. Recruitment of APE1 and NEIL1 was found to be significantly increased to remove the oxidized nucleobases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Srasta Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Adamas University, Kolkata, 700126, India
| | - Santi M Mandal
- Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, WB, India.
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Sánchez MI, Rama G, Calo-Lapido R, Ucar K, Lincoln P, López MV, Melle-Franco M, Mascareñas JL, Vázquez ME. Canonical DNA minor groove insertion of bisbenzamidine-Ru(ii) complexes with chiral selectivity. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8668-8674. [PMID: 31803441 PMCID: PMC6849638 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03053k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first Ru(ii) coordination compounds that interact with DNA through a canonical minor groove insertion mode and with selectivity for A/T rich sites.
We report the first Ru(ii) coordination compounds that interact with DNA through a canonical minor groove insertion mode and with selectivity for A/T rich sites. This was made possible by integrating a bis-benzamidine minor groove DNA-binding agent with a ruthenium(ii) complex. Importantly, one of the enantiomers (Δ-[Ru(bpy)2b4bpy]2+, Δ-4Ru) shows a considerably higher DNA affinity than the parent organic ligand and the other enantiomer, particularly for the AATT sequence, while the other enantiomer preferentially targets long AAATTT sites with overall lower affinity. Finally, we demonstrate that the photophysical properties of these new binders can be exploited for DNA cleavage using visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateo I Sánchez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) , Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain .
| | - Gustavo Rama
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) , Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Renata Calo-Lapido
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) , Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain .
| | - Kübra Ucar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE 412 96 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Per Lincoln
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE 412 96 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Miguel Vázquez López
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) , Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Manuel Melle-Franco
- Ciceco - Aveiro Institute of Materials , University of Aveiro Campus Universitario de Santiago , Aveiro , 3810-193 , Portugal
| | - José L Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) , Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain .
| | - M Eugenio Vázquez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS) , Departamento de Química Orgánica , Universidade de Santiago de Compostela , 15782 Santiago de Compostela , Spain .
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Tartakoff SS, Finan JM, Curtis EJ, Anchukaitis HM, Couture DJ, Glazier S. Investigations into the DNA-binding mode of doxorubicinone. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1992-1998. [PMID: 30406253 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is one of the major challenges facing the modern biomedical profession. Development of new small-molecule chemotherapeutics requires an understanding of the mechanism of action for these treatments, as well as the structure-activity relationship. Study of the well-known DNA-intercalating agent, doxorubicin, and its aglycone, doxorubicinone, was undertaken using a variety of spectroscopic and calorimetric techniques. It was found that, despite conservation of the planar, aromatic portion of doxorubicin, the agylcone does not intercalate; it instead likely binds to the DNA minor-groove.
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A Garratt-Braverman cyclization route towards the synthesis of phenanthridine derivatives and their DNA-binding studies. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Synthesis, characterization and crystal structures of two pentagonal-bipyramidal Fe(III) complexes with dihydrazone of 2,6-diacetylpyridine and Girard's T reagent. Anticancer properties of various metal complexes of the same ligand. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 174:137-149. [PMID: 28672143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work synthesis, characterization and crystal structures of two isothiocyanato Fe(III) complexes with 2,2'-[2,6-pyridinediylbis(ethylidyne-1-hydrazinyl-2-ylidene)]bis[N,N,N-trimethyl-2-oxoethanaminium] dichloride (H2LCl2) ligand, with composition [FeL(NCS)2]SCN·2H2O and [FeL(NCS)2]2[Fe(H2O)(NCS)5]·4H2O, has been reported. Both iron(III) complexes possess the same pentagonal-bipyramidal complex cation, while the nature of their anions depends on mole ratio of NH4SCN and FeCl3·6H2O used in reaction. Cytotoxic activity of new Fe(III) complexes, as well as of previously synthesized isothiocyanato Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with the same ligand, was tested against five human cancer cell lines (HeLa, MDA-MB-453, K562, LS174 and A549) and normal cell line MRC-5. The best activity was observed in the case of Fe(III), Co(II) and Cd(II) complexes. The investigation of potential of these complexes to induce HeLa and K562 cell cycle perturbations was also evaluated. Mechanism of cell death mode was elucidated on the basis of morphological changes of HeLa cells as well as identification of target caspases. It was established that DNA damage could be responsible for the activity of Fe(III) and Co(II) complexes. SYNOPSIS Pentagonal-bipyramidal Fe(III) complexes with dihydrazone of 2,6-diacetylpyridine and Girard's T reagent have been synthesized and characterized. Cytotoxic activity of Fe(III) complexes and Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with the same ligand was tested. The best activity was observed in the case of Fe(III), Co(II) and Cd(II) complexes.
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Synthesis of crescent shaped heterocycle-fused aromatics via Garratt-Braverman cyclization and their DNA-binding studies. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jiang Y, Wong CK, Stenzel MH. An Oligonucleotide Transfection Vector Based on HSA and PDMAEMA Conjugation: Effect of Polymer Molecular Weight on Cell Proliferation and on Multicellular Tumor Spheroids. Macromol Biosci 2015; 15:965-78. [PMID: 25809941 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel gene transfection vector was fabricated based on the conjugation of human serum albumin (HSA) and maleimide end functionalized poly[(N,N-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA). The bioconjugation was achieved in a site-specific manner to yield well-defined polymer-protein conjugates. The biohybrid was able to bind DNA with high affinity resulting in nanoparticles with a HSA shell. This paper mainly focuses on the influence of polymeric chain length on the particle properties and their drug-carrying ability to deliver oligonucleotides into breast cancer cells. The cytotoxic agent of interest, ISIS5132, is an oligonucleotide which disrupts DNA function within the cell. There was no evidence that the polymeric chain length had any effects on the conjugation efficiency and the subsequent condensation ability of the conjugates to oligonucleotide. However, the polymeric chain length had an obvious effect on the size of the complex micelles. Low molecular weights only led to loosely compacted complexes with the oligonucleotide, while large molecular weight led to well-defined nanoparticle structures. More importantly, it was found that the variation in the length of the PDMAEMA block resulted in a change in cytotoxicity of the drug loaded complex micelle. That is, the concentration of 50% inhibition (IC50 ) of the complex micelle on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells reached the lowest value at a chain length of around 21 000 g mol(-1) . The IC50 value increased when the polymeric chain length was shorter (8000 g mol(-1) and 10 000 g mol(-1) ) while it increased again when PDMAMEA of M¯n = 47 000 g mol(-1) , probably due to insufficient release of the drug. These result were reflected when investigating the performance of the polyplex using MCF-7 multicellular tumor spheroids, where again the medium PDMAEMA chain length led to the best delivery vehicle for ISIS5132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Jiang
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales UNSW, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Chin Ken Wong
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales UNSW, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design, School of Chemistry and School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales UNSW, Kensington NSW 2052, Australia.
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Airoldi M, Barone G, Gennaro G, Giuliani AM, Giustini M. Interaction of doxorubicin with polynucleotides. A spectroscopic study. Biochemistry 2014; 53:2197-207. [PMID: 24641674 DOI: 10.1021/bi401687v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of doxorubicin (DX) with model polynucleotides poly(dG-dC)·poly(dG-dC) (polyGC), poly(dA-dT)·poly(dA-dT) (polyAT), and calf thymus DNA has been studied by several spectroscopic techniques in phosphate buffer aqueous solutions. UV-vis, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopic data confirm that intercalation is the prevailing mode of interaction, and also reveal that the interaction with AT-rich regions leads to the transfer of excitation energy to DX not previously documented in the literature. Moreover, the DX affinity for AT sites has been found to be on the same order of magnitude as that reported for GC sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Airoldi
- Dipartimento STEBICEF, Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze , Parco D'Orleans, Pad. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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Gamba I, Salvadó I, Rama G, Bertazzon M, Sánchez MI, Sánchez-Pedregal VM, Martínez-Costas J, Brissos RF, Gamez P, Mascareñas JL, Vázquez López M, Vázquez ME. Custom-fit ruthenium(II) metallopeptides: a new twist to DNA binding with coordination compounds. Chemistry 2013; 19:13369-75. [PMID: 23943195 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new bipyridine building block has been used for the solid-phase synthesis of dinuclear DNA-binding ruthenium(II) metallopeptides. Detailed spectroscopic studies suggest that these compounds bind to the DNA by insertion into the DNA minor groove. Moreover, the potential of the solid-phase peptide synthesis approach is demonstrated by the straightforward synthesis of an octaarginine derivative that shows effective cellular internalization and cytotoxicity linked with strong DNA interaction, as evidenced by steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy and AFM studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Gamba
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela (Spain)
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Ghosh A, Das P, Gill MR, Kar P, Walker MG, Thomas JA, Das A. Photoactive RuII-Polypyridyl Complexes that Display Sequence Selectivity and High-Affinity Binding to Duplex DNA through Groove Binding. Chemistry 2011; 17:2089-98. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mulyana Y, Weber DK, Buck DP, Motti CA, Collins JG, Keene FR. Oligonuclear polypyridylruthenium(ii) complexes incorporating flexible polar and non-polar bridges: synthesis, DNA-binding and cytotoxicity. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:1510-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01250e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Kumar Ray A, Diederichsen U. Syntheses of Triostin A Antibiotic and Nucleobase-Functionalized Analogs as New DNA Binders. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Morgan JL, Spillane CB, Smith JA, Buck DP, Collins JG, Keene FR. Dinuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes with flexible bridges as non-duplex DNA binding agents. Dalton Trans 2007:4333-42. [PMID: 17893823 DOI: 10.1039/b706747j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The stereoisomers of a series of dinuclear ruthenium(ii) complexes [{Ru(phen)(2)}(2)(micro-BL)](4+) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) with flexible bridging ligands (BL) bb2 {1,2-bis[4(4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl)]ethane}, bb5 {1,5-bis[4(4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl)]pentane}, bb7 {1,7-bis[4(4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl)]heptane}, and bb10 {1,10-bis[4(4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl)]decane} have been synthesised. Their binding to a control dodecanucleotide, d(CCGGAATTCCGG)(2), and a tridecanucleotide, d(CCGAGAATTCCGG)(2), which contains a single adenine bulge have been studied using fluorescence displacement assays involving intercalating and groove-binding dyes, equilibrium dialysis and binding affinity chromatography. The fluorescence intercalator displacement (FID) assay indicated that LambdaLambda-[{Ru(phen)(2)}(2)(micro-bb7)](4+) had the greatest binding affinity with all the oligonucleotides, whereas an analogous fluorescence technique using a minor-groove binding dye, equilibrium dialysis and affinity binding chromatography showed that DeltaDelta-[{Ru(phen)(2)}(2)(micro-bb7)](4+) had the strongest binding. An (1)H NMR study of the binding of the DeltaDelta-enantiomer of [{Ru(phen)(2)}(2)(micro-bb7)](4+) to d(CCGAGAATTCCGG)(2) confirmed the selectivity of the metal complex for the bulge site and provided the basis for an energy-minimised binding model of the dinuclear ruthenium complex with the single adenine bulge containing trinucleotide. The binding model demonstrated the ability of the flexibly-linked complex to follow the curvature of the DNA minor groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy L Morgan
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy & Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
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