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Takeyama T, Shimazaki Y. Diversity of oxidation state in copper complexes with phenolate ligands. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:3911-3929. [PMID: 38319292 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt04230h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The phenoxyl radical binding copper complexes have been widely developed and their detailed geometric and electronic structures have been clarified. While many one-electron oxidized CuII-phenolate complexes have been reported previously, recent studies of the Cu-phenolate complexes proceed toward elucidation of the complexes with other oxidation states, such as the phenoxyl radical binding CuI complexes and CuIV-phenolate complexes in the formal oxidation state. This Perspective focuses on new aspects of the properties and reactivities of various Cu-phenolate and Cu-phenoxyl radical complexes with emphasis on the relationship between geometric and electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Takeyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Sanyo-Onoda City University, 1-1-1, Daigakudori, Sanyo-Onoda, 756-0884 Yamaguchi, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Shimazaki
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
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2
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Yamaguchi T, Taborosi A, Sakai C, Akao K, Mori S, Kohzuma T. Systematic elucidation of the second coordination sphere effect on the structure and properties of a blue copper protein, pseudoazurin. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112292. [PMID: 37354604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The rational structural and computational studies of a blue copper protein, pseudoazurin (PAz), and its Met16X (X = Phe, Leu, Val, Ile) variants gave clear functional meanings of the noncovalent interaction (NCI) through the second coordination sphere. The high-resolution X-ray crystal structures of Met16X PAz demonstrated that the active site geometry is significantly affected by the substitution of Met16, which is located within the NCI distance from the His81 imidazole ring at the copper active site. The computational chemistry calculations based on the crystal structure analyses confirmed that the NCI of S-π/CH-π (wild-type), π-π (Met16Phe), double CH-π (Met16Leu), and single CH-π (Met16Val and Met16Ile). The estimated interaction energies for the NCI demonstrated that the fine-tuning of the protein stability and Cu site properties form the second coordination sphere of PAz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahide Yamaguchi
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan; Frontier Research Center for Applied Atomic Sciences, Ibaraki University, 162-1, Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Attila Taborosi
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan; Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Faculty of Engineering, Shinshu University, 4-17-1, Wakasato, Nagano, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sakai
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - Kohei Akao
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - Seiji Mori
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan; Frontier Research Center for Applied Atomic Sciences, Ibaraki University, 162-1, Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Kohzuma
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan; Frontier Research Center for Applied Atomic Sciences, Ibaraki University, 162-1, Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan.
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3
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π-π Stacking Interaction of Metal Phenoxyl Radical Complexes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27031135. [PMID: 35164397 PMCID: PMC8840625 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
π-π stacking interaction is well-known to be one of the weak interactions. Its importance in the stabilization of protein structures and functionalization has been reported for various systems. We have focused on a single copper oxidase, galactose oxidase, which has the π-π stacking interaction of the alkylthio-substituted phenoxyl radical with the indole ring of the proximal tryptophan residue and catalyzes primary alcohol oxidation to give the corresponding aldehyde. This stacking interaction has been considered to stabilize the alkylthio-phenoxyl radical, but further details of the interaction are still unclear. In this review, we discuss the effect of the π-π stacking interaction of the alkylthio-substituted phenoxyl radical with an indole ring.
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Takeyama T, Suzuki T, Kikuchi M, Kobayashi M, Oshita H, Kawashima K, Mori S, Abe H, Hoshino N, Iwatsuki S, Shimazaki Y. Solid State Characterization of One‐ and Two‐Electron Oxidized Cu
II
‐salen Complexes with
para
‐Substituents: Geometric Structure‐Magnetic Property Relationship. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Takeyama
- Department of Chemistry Konan University Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8501 Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University Bunkyo Mito 310-8512 Japan
| | - Misa Kikuchi
- College of Science Ibaraki University Bunkyo Mito 310-8512 Japan
| | - Misato Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry Konan University Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8501 Japan
| | - Hiromi Oshita
- Institute of Materials Structure Science (IMSS) High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | - Kyohei Kawashima
- Institute for Materials Chemistry Engineering, Kyushu University 6-1 kasuga-koen Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan
| | - Seiji Mori
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University Bunkyo Mito 310-8512 Japan
- College of Science Ibaraki University Bunkyo Mito 310-8512 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Abe
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University Bunkyo Mito 310-8512 Japan
- Institute of Materials Structure Science (IMSS) High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
- School of High Energy Accelerator Science SOKENDAI (the Graduate University for Advanced Studies) 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM) Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8577 Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwatsuki
- Department of Chemistry Konan University Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8501 Japan
| | - Yuichi Shimazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University Bunkyo Mito 310-8512 Japan
- College of Science Ibaraki University Bunkyo Mito 310-8512 Japan
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5
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Mitsuizumi H, Mori S. Combined MD and QM/MM Investigations of Hydride Reduction of 5α-Dihydrotestosterone Catalyzed by Human 3α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 3: Importance of Noncovalent Interactions. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:4998-5008. [PMID: 33955223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSD) is an enzyme that is essential in the regulation of the concentration of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (5α-DHT) in the prostate. It catalyzes the hydride reduction of 5α-DHT to 3α-androstanediol, which activates androgen receptors. Elucidating details about the hydride reduction of 5α-DHT by 3α-HSD and the environment around the active site of the enzyme could lead to the development of effective drugs for the treatment of prostate cancer. In this study, the X-ray crystal structure of human 3α-HSD type 3 was comprehensively evaluated. Moreover, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and hybrid ONIOM-type quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations were performed using a large QM region (maximum 232 atoms). It was determined that the reaction proceeded in a single step without the formation of an alkoxide ion owing to the direct hydride reduction of the substrate by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and concerted proton transfer by Tyr55 and Lys84. Noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis highlighted the roles of Tyr216 and Trp227 in 3α-HSD. Specifically, Tyr216 assisted the reaction by π/π interactions with the neighboring nicotinamide ring of NADP(H), whereas Trp227 played an important role in recognition of the size of the substrate by CH/π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Mitsuizumi
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - Seiji Mori
- Institute of Quantum Beam Science, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan.,Frontier Research Center for Applied Atomic Sciences, 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
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Takeyama T, Kobayashi M, Kikuchi M, Ogura T, Shimazaki Y, Iwatsuki S. Benzyl alcohol oxidation mechanisms by one- and two-electron oxidized species of Cu(II)-salen complexes with para-R-substituents, [Cu(R-salen)]+ (R = MeO, MeS; n = 1, 2). Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Oshita H, Shimazaki Y. Recent Advances in One-Electron-Oxidized Cu II -Diphenoxide Complexes as Models of Galactose Oxidase: Importance of the Structural Flexibility in the Active Site. Chemistry 2020; 26:8324-8340. [PMID: 32056294 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The phenoxyl radical plays important roles in biological systems as cofactors in some metalloenzymes, such as galactose oxidase (GO) catalyzing oxidation of primary alcohols to give the corresponding aldehydes. Many metal(II)-phenoxyl radical complexes have hitherto been studied for understanding the detailed properties and reactivities of GO, and thus the nature of GO has gradually become clearer. However, the effects of the subtle geometric and electronic structural changes at the active site of GO, especially the structural change in the catalytic cycle and the effect of the second coordination sphere, have not been fully discussed yet. In this Review, we focus on further details of the model studies of GO and discuss the importance of the structural change at the active site of GO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Oshita
- Faculty of Chemistry of Functional Molecules, Konan University, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shimazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito, 310-8512, Japan
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Kanso H, Clarke RM, Kochem A, Arora H, Philouze C, Jarjayes O, Storr T, Thomas F. Effect of Distortions on the Geometric and Electronic Structures of One-Electron Oxidized Vanadium(IV), Copper(II), and Cobalt(II)/(III) Salen Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5133-5148. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Kanso
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ryan M. Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Amélie Kochem
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Himanshu Arora
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Fabrice Thomas
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, DCM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Oshita H, Suzuki T, Kawashima K, Abe H, Tani F, Mori S, Yajima T, Shimazaki Y. The effect of π-π stacking interaction of the indole ring with the coordinated phenoxyl radical in a nickel(ii)-salen type complex. Comparison with the corresponding Cu(ii) complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12060-12069. [PMID: 31250847 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01887e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to gain new insights into the effect of the π-π stacking interaction of the indole ring with the phenoxyl radical moiety as seen in the active form of galactose oxidase, we have prepared Ni(ii) complexes of a methoxy substituted salen-type ligand containing a pendent indole ring on the dinitrogen chelate backbone and characterized their one-electron oxidized forms. The X-ray crystal structure analysis and the other physicochemical experiments of the Ni(ii) complex revealed no significant intramolecular interaction of the indole ring with the coordination plane. On the other hand, the X-ray crystal structures of the oxidized Ni(ii) complex exhibited the π-π stacking interaction of the indole ring mainly with one of the two phenolate moieties. While the phenoxyl radical electron was delocalized on the two phenolate moieties in the Ni(ii)-salen coordination plane, the phenolate moiety in close contact with the indole moiety was considered to be the initial oxidation locus, indicating that the indole ring interacted with the phenoxyl radical by π-π stacking. The UV-vis-NIR spectrum of the oxidized Ni(ii) complex with the pendent indole ring was different from that of the complex without the side chain indole ring, but the differences were rather small in comparison with the oxidized Cu(ii)-salen complexes with the π-π stacking interaction of the indole ring. Such differences are due to the electronic structure difference, the localized radical electron on one of the phenolate moieties in the oxidized Cu(ii) complexes being more favorable for the π-π stacking interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Oshita
- Department of Chemistry of Functional Molecules, Konan University, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
| | - Kyohei Kawashima
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Abe
- Institute of Materials Structure Science (IMSS), High Energy Accelerator Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan and Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, SOKENDAI (the Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Fumito Tani
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Seiji Mori
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
| | - Tatsuo Yajima
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shimazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
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10
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Oshita H, Suzuki T, Kawashima K, Abe H, Tani F, Mori S, Yajima T, Shimazaki Y. π-π Stacking Interaction in an Oxidized Cu II -Salen Complex with a Side-Chain Indole Ring: An Approach to the Function of the Tryptophan in the Active Site of Galactose Oxidase. Chemistry 2019; 25:7649-7658. [PMID: 30912194 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In order to gain new insights into the effect of the π-π stacking interaction of the indole ring with the CuII -phenoxyl radical as seen in the active form of galactose oxidase, we have prepared a CuII complex of a methoxy-substituted salen-type ligand, containing a pendent indole ring on the dinitrogen chelate backbone, and characterized its one-electron-oxidized forms. The X-ray crystal structures of the oxidized CuII complex exhibited the π-π stacking interaction of the indole ring mainly with one of the two phenolate moieties. The phenolate moiety in close contact with the indole moiety showed the characteristic phenoxyl radical structural features, indicating that the indole ring favors the π-π stacking interaction with the phenoxyl radical. The UV/Vis/NIR spectra of the oxidized CuII complex with the pendent indole ring was significantly different from those of the complex without the side-chain indole ring, and the absorption and CD spectra exhibited a solvent dependence, which is in line with the phenoxyl radical-indole stacking interaction in solution. The other physicochemical results and theoretical calculations strongly support that the indole ring, as an electron donor, stabilizes the phenoxyl radical by the π-π stacking interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Oshita
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-8512, Japan.,Present address: Department of Chemistry of Functional Molecules, Konan University, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-8512, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kawashima
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-8512, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Abe
- Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Fumito Tani
- Institute for Material Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Seiji Mori
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-8512, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yajima
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, 564-8680, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shimazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-8512, Japan
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Solomon MB, Chan B, Kubiak CP, Jolliffe KA, D'Alessandro DM. The spectroelectrochemical behaviour of redox-active manganese salen complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3704-3713. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02676a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of discrete, functionalised Mn(iii) pyridyl salen metal complexes with varying aliphatic and aromatic bridging diamines have been evaluated and their spectroelectrochemical properties probed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bun Chan
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagasaki University
- Nagasaki-shi
- Japan
| | - Clifford P. Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- USA
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12
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Coordination chemistry of a redox non-innocent NHC bis(phenolate) pincer ligand with nickel(II). Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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13
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Freisinger E, Sigel RKO. Celebrating Helmut Sigel. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 23:1-5. [PMID: 29218638 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1523-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Freisinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Roland K O Sigel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
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