Prevalence of dental caries in children with neurofibromatosis 1

Dental Management of Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report and Literature Review

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a clinically heterogeneous neurocutaneous genetic disorder that manifests in the form of coffee-milk spots on the skin, Lish nodules, lentigines on the underarms and on the inguinal region, and neurofibromas. Orofacial manifestations of NF1 are common. Through a review of the literature, bone lesions, orthodontic and dental abnormalities, periodontal manifestations, and caries related to NF1 will be explored. In this study, we present a clinical case of a patient with neurofibroma in the oral cavity and infraocclusion of primary molars, as well as his dental management.

Craniofacial and oral alterations in patients with Neurofibromatosis 1

ABTSRACT

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common inherited syndromes. The literature on craniofacial alterations associated with NF1 has been limited and partially contradictory. This review is based on literature search and the results of the clinical study "Craniofacial and Oral Alterations and Speech in patients with Neurofibromatosis 1", carried out at the University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Finland in 2006-2012. By the end of 2012, a total of 110 NF1 patients, 54 female and 56 male patients, were examined.A part of our results confirms pre-existing understanding, a part is contradictory to previous considerations based mainly on case reports, and some are entirely novel. Specifically, our results confirmed that enlargement the mandibular canal is the most common abnormality of the mandible in patients with NF1. It should be noted, however, that this finding does not require treatment. Caries was not a major problem. In fact, it was less frequent in NF1 patients compared to reference population. These findings abrogate some previous perceptions. Novel findings of our project include periapical cemental dysplasia in females; short jaws, a finding which usually does not affect bite; and immunohistological analysis of oral mucosal abnormalities. Pioneering study on speech showed that various deviations were very common: As many as 94% of the participants showed some alterations.To conclude, the awareness of craniofacial alterations common in NF1would help avoiding unnecessary and even harmful involvement, e.g. of periapical cemental dysplasia or enlarged mandibular canal which do not require treatment.