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Salgado ADY, Feitosa VP, Farrapo MT, Rifane TO, Ribeiro LL, de Oliveira AS, Lomonaco D. Experimental Bracket Design Performance on Bonding and Polymerization of Orthodontic Composite. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 2024:7457900. [PMID: 38884017 PMCID: PMC11178397 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7457900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the enamel bonding ability and orthodontic adhesive resin degree of conversion using the experimental bracket design. Material and Methods. Thirteen bovine teeth were used in the study. The experimental bracket was modified with a translucent region in the center of its body. After enamel etching, Orthocem orthodontic adhesive (FGM, Joinville, Brazil) was applied on the bracket base for bonding. The groups were divided as follows (n = 10 per group): (1) control (CB) with standard brackets and (2) spot bracket (SB) with experimental brackets featuring a 0.8 mm translucent region at the center using carbide bur. Shear bond strength (SBS) was evaluated after 24 hours in a universal testing machine and adhesive remnant index (ARI). The degree of conversion (DC) was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy (n = 3 per group). Data were then analyzed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney statistical methods. Results The SB group exhibited a higher mean SBS (10.33 MPa) compared to the CB Group (8.77 MPa). However, there was no statistical difference between the groups (p = 0.376). Both SB and CB groups had a mean ARI score of 1. Raman analysis revealed a higher degree of conversion in the SB group (49.3%) compared to the CB group (25.9%). Conclusions The experimental support showed a higher degree of adhesive conversion, although there was no significant increase in bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tainah Oliveira Rifane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry Piracicaba Dental School University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Lara Leal Ribeiro
- Department of Orthodontics Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Lomonaco
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Uehara LM, Teixeira ABV, Valente MLDC, Reis ACD. Mechanical and microbiological properties of orthodontic resin modified with nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (βAgVO 3). J Dent 2024; 145:104836. [PMID: 38199325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of incorporating the antimicrobial nanomaterial β-AgVO3 into orthodontic resin, focusing on degree of conversion, surface characteristics, microhardness, adhesion properties, and antimicrobial activity. METHODS The 3 M Transbond XT resin underwent modification, resulting in three groups (Control, 2.5% addition, 5% addition) with 20 specimens each. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy assessed monomer conversion. Laser confocal microscopy examined surface roughness, and microhardness was evaluated using Knoop protocols. Shear strength was measured before and after artificial aging on 36 premolar teeth. Microbiological analysis against S. mutans and S. sanguinis was conducted using the agar diffusion method. RESULTS Degree of conversion remained unaffected by time (P = 0.797), concentration (P = 0.438), or their interaction (P = 0.187). The 5% group exhibited the lowest surface roughness, differing significantly from the control group (P = 0.045). Microhardness showed no significant differences between concentrations (P = 0.740). Shear strength was highest in the control group (P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the samples with or without thermocycling (P = 0.759). Microbial analysis revealed concentration-dependent variations, with the 5% group exhibiting the largest inhibition halo (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Incorporating β-AgVO3 at 2.5% and 5% concentrations led to significant differences in surface roughness, adhesion, and antimicrobial activity. Overall, resin modification positively impacted degree of conversion, surface characteristics, microhardness, and antimicrobial activity. Further research is warranted to determine clinically optimal concentrations that maximize antimicrobial benefits while minimizing adverse effects on adhesion properties. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Incorporating β-AgVO3 into orthodontic resin could improve patient quality of life by prolonging intervention durability and reducing the impact of cariogenic microorganisms. The study's findings also hold promise for the industry, paving the way for the development of new materials with antimicrobial properties for potential applications in the health sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívia Maiumi Uehara
- Master´s Degee Student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira
- Post-Doc student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima da Costa Valente
- Post-Doc student, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
- Professor, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Mohammed OK, Younis MT, Dawood AE. The effect of light curing time and intensity on the bond strength and fracture resistance of orthodontic adhesive. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2023; 17:23-27. [PMID: 37650018 PMCID: PMC10462919 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2023.36990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to measure the shear bond strength and compressive strength of orthodontic adhesives at different curing times and intensities. Methods Ninety extracted human premolars were used. Orthodontic brackets were bonded on the buccal surface of the teeth with orthodontic adhesive light-cured using VRN-VAFU LED curing light at different curing times (1, 3 and 5 seconds) and intensities (1000, 1600 and 2300 mW/cm2 ). A universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength. The ratio of the adhesive remnant and compressive strength of the orthodontic adhesive, at each curing time at the different intensities, were also evaluated. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test. Results The lowest bond strength values (6.4, 9.9 and 12.6 MPa) were recorded with 1000 mW/ cm2 intensity (at all curing times) in comparison with the other intensities (P<0.05). Increasing the curing time significantly increased the bond strength of the orthodontic brackets (P<0.05), except when the curing time was increased from 3 sec to 5 sec at 1600 mW/cm2 intensity. The highest compressive strength values (130.3, 147.1 and 174 MPa) were recorded at 2300 mW/ cm2 intensity (at all curing times) compared to the other intensities (P<0.05). The highest values of the ratio of the adhesive remnants were recorded at 1000 mW/cm2 intensity (at all curing times) compared to the other intensities (P<0.05). Conclusion Although, increasing the curing time and\or the curing intensity has a positive effect on the bond strength and compressive strength of the orthodontic adhesive, it might be possible to suggest reducing the curing time of orthodontic adhesive to 1 sec at curing intensity of 2300 mW/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar K. Mohammed
- Department of Orthodontics, Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Mohammed T. Younis
- Department of Orthodontics, Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Alaa E. Dawood
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Garma NMH, Ibrahim AI. Bond Strength Survival of a Novel Calcium Phosphate-Enriched Orthodontic Self-Etching System after Various Ageing Protocols: An In Vitro Study. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:3960362. [PMID: 36624858 PMCID: PMC9825208 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3960362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the orthodontic bond strength and enamel-preserving ability of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticles-containingself-etch system following exposure to various ageing methods. Materials and Methods Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) were incorporated into an orthodontic self-etch primer (SEP, Transbond™ plus) in three different concentrations (5%, 7%, and 9% wt) and tested versus the plain SEP (control) for shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores, and enamel damage in range-finding experiments using premolar teeth. The best-performing formulation was further exposed to the following four artificial ageing methods: initial debonding, 24 h water storage, one-month water storage, and one-month acid challenge. A field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) was used to examine the integrity of debonded enamel surfaces and calcium-phosphates (CaPs) reprecipitation. Results The best-performing formulation (7% nHAp-SEP) resulted in significantly lower SBS (p < 0.001) than the control SEP following the four artificial ageing methods. Nevertheless, it survived the ageing protocols and yielded clinically acceptable SBS with the advantages of leaving minimal adhesive residue, preserving enamel integrity and smoothness, and inducing CaP reprecipitation as confirmed by FE-SEM images. Conclusions A newly developed SEP produced adequate orthodontic bond strengths and left unblemished debonded enamel surfaces with minimal remnant adhesive and remineralisation potential, thereby suggesting simpler and safer bonding/debonding procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor M. H. Garma
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I. Ibrahim
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- Centre for Oral Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Lopes GV, Correr-Sobrinho L, Correr AB, Godoi APTD, Vedovello SAS, Menezes CCD. Light Activation and Thermocycling Methods on the Shear Bond Strength of Brackets Bonded to Porcelain Surfaces. Braz Dent J 2020; 31:52-56. [PMID: 32159706 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202003101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was evaluated the effect of different light activation and thermocycling methods on the shear bond strength (SBS) and on the adhesive remnant index (ARI) of metal brackets bonded to feldspathic ceramic. Hundred metal brackets were bonded to 20 porcelain cylinders, divided into four groups (n=25) based on light activation and thermocycling processes. The cylinders were etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 60 s and coated with two layers of silane. The brackets were bonded with Transbond XT composite resin. Light activation in Groups 1 and 3 was performed during 3 s using the VALO Ortho Cordless appliance with irradiance 3,200 mW/cm2 and in Groups 2 and 4 for 40 s using Optilight Max appliance with irradiance 1,200 mW/cm². The samples were stored in deionized water at 37°C for 24 h and the samples from Groups 1 and 2 were submitted to the SBS test at a rate of 1 mm/min, whereas the samples from Groups 3 and 4 were submitted to 7,000 thermal cycles (5°/55°C) before to the SBS test. The data were assessed by two-way analysis of variance and by Tukey's test (a=0.05). No significant difference was observed between SBS means in the different light activation devices used. The samples subjected to thermocycling revealed lower SBS values (p≤0.05). There was predominance of score 0 for ARI in all groups. Therefore, the different light activation methods did not interfere in SBS, but thermocycling reduced SBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Vallandro Lopes
- Departament of Orthodontics, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto -FHO, Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho
- Departamento of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Américo Bortolazzo Correr
- Departamento of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials, UNICAMP - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carolina Carmo de Menezes
- Departament of Orthodontics, Centro Universitário da Fundação Hermínio Ometto -FHO, Araras, SP, Brazil
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Almeida LF, Martins LP, Martins RP. Effects of reducing light-curing time of a high-power LED device on shear bond strength of brackets. J Orofac Orthop 2018; 79:352-358. [PMID: 30066016 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-018-0146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effects of reducing the curing time of a high-power light-emitting diode (LED) unit (Valo, Ultradent, South Jordan, UT, USA) on shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets and on the amount of adhesive remnant of two orthodontic composites. METHODS Eighty human premolars were divided into four groups (G1-4) according to curing time and composite: G1 (Transbond XT, 6 s), G2 (Opal Bond MV, 6 s), G3 (Transbond XT, 3 s), and G4 (Opal Bond MV, 3 s). Twenty-four hours after bonding, brackets were subject to a SBS test performed with a universal testing machine. Enamel surface was analyzed by SEM and the amount of adhesive remnant was assessed by the Image J software area calculation tool. Two-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis of SBS data, while Friedman and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests were used to analyze data on the amount of adhesive remnant. RESULTS Time and composite significantly affected SBS (p < 0.001). The 6 s curing showed a higher SBS value (21.56 MPa) in comparison to 3 s curing (15.79 MPa). Transbond XT composite showed a significantly higher SBS value (21.06 MPa) compared to Opal Bond MV (16.29 MPa). After the SBS test, Opal Bond MV showed a significantly greater amount of composite adhered to enamel (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Reducing exposure time from 6 to 3 s significantly decreased mean values of SBS, even with the use of a high-power LED unit. Reduction in time did not affect the amount of adhesive remnant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Renato Parsekian Martins
- Department of Orthodontics, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, Brazil. .,Private practice, Rua Carlos Gomes, 2158, 14801340, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Faria-E-Silva AL, Covell DA, Ferracane JL, Pfeifer CS. Effectiveness of high irradiance for short-time exposures on polymerization of composite under metal brackets. Angle Orthod 2017; 87:834-840. [PMID: 28841034 DOI: 10.2319/051817-338.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of different curing modes available in a dental light-curing unit on degree of conversion (DC) of a composite photoactivated under a metal orthodontic bracket. MATERIALS AND METHODS The average irradiance and total energy delivered by three curing modes (standard, high, and extra power) of a multiwave LED unit (Valo Cordless, Ultradent Products, South Jordan, Utah) were measured using the longest time available for each mode (20, 4, and 3 seconds, respectively). Brackets (n = 3/group) were bonded to molar epoxy resin replicas using each curing mode. Mesiodistal sections, 0.5 mm thick, were assessed using an infrared spectrometer microscope. Spectra of composite beneath the brackets were sequentially collected using the mapping tool in near-infrared (NIR)-transmittance mode. Composite conversion was mapped between the mesial and distal edges of the bracket base using 400-μm steps for a total of 10 measurements per specimen. Data from irradiance and total energy were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, while data of DC were analyzed with two-way repeated measures ANOVA (α = 0.05). RESULTS The highest DC values were observed for standard power (mean 56%, P < .05), while no difference was observed between high (50%) and extra power (49%) modes. Regarding the site of measurement, higher DC was observed close to the bracket edges (52%, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The use of high irradiance for a short time slightly reduced the DC. The small magnitude of reduction suggests that use of a high irradiance protocol is a clinically valid approach when bonding metal brackets.
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Bolaños-Carmona V, Zein B, Menéndez-Núñez M, Sánchez-Sánchez P, Ceballos-García L, González-López S. Influence of the bracket on bonding and physical behavior of orthodontic resin cements. Dent Mater J 2015; 34:449-57. [PMID: 26235709 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2014-315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study is to determine the influence of the type of bracket, on bond strength, microhardness and conversion degree (CD) of four resin orthodontic cements. Micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS) test between the bracket base and the cement was carried out on glass-hour-shaped specimens (n=20). Vickers Hardness Number (VHN) and micro-Raman spectra were recorded in situ under the bracket base. Weibull distribution, ANOVA and non-parametric test were applied for data analysis (p<0.05). The highest values of ή as well as the β Weibull parameter were obtained for metallic brackets with Transbond™ plastic brackets with the self-curing cement showing the worst performance. The CD was from 80% to 62.5%.
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Lamper T, Ilie N, Huth KC, Rudzki I, Wichelhaus A, Paschos E. Self-etch adhesives for the bonding of orthodontic brackets: faster, stronger, safer? Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:313-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Goracci C, Margvelashvili M, Giovannetti A, Vichi A, Ferrari M. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a new self-adhering flowable resin composite. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:609-17. [PMID: 22538472 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0729-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) to enamel and the distribution of failure modes of brackets bonded using a new self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise Flow, VF), with or without preliminary phosphoric acid etching (PAE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty extracted premolars were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): (1) etch-and-rinse adhesive (E&R), PAE/Transbond XT Primer/Transbond XT Paste (3M Unitek); (2) self-etch adhesive (SE), Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer (3M Unitek)/Transbond XT Paste; (3) VF; (4) PAE/VF. In each group, 10 bracketed teeth were debonded within 30 min, while the remaining teeth were subjected to thermocycling before testing. SBS and adhesive remnant index were recorded. RESULTS SE measured significantly lower early SBS than PAE/VF. Early SBSs recorded by VF were slightly higher yet statistically similar to those of E&R. Such levels of adhesion were achieved by VF regardless of preliminary PAE. After thermocycling, VF measured the lowest SBS. When debonded early, VF and SE tended to leave less residues on enamel surface than E&R. After thermocycling, the failure pattern changed significantly for VF and PAE/VF specimens that all exhibited adhesive failures at the tooth-bracket interface. CONCLUSIONS VF achieved early bracket SBSs similar to E&R. Following thermocycling, VF and PAE/VF manifested a significant decrease in SBS. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Although the simplified handling and the satisfactory early SBS of VF may prompt its use for bracket bonding, the decrease in retention noted after thermocycling warns that the issue of bond durability should be thoroughly addressed prior to endorsing this clinical application of VF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Goracci
- Department of Dental Materials and Fixed Prosthodontics of University of Siena, Tuscan School of Dental Medicine, University of Firenze and Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, viale Bracci, Siena 53100, Italy.
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