1
|
Renu K, Vinayagam S, Veeraraghavan VP, Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Prabakaran DS, Ganesan R, Dey A, Vellingiri B, Kandasamy S, Ramanathan G, Doss C GP, George A, Gopalakrishnan AV. Molecular Crosstalk between the Immunological Mechanism of the Tumor Microenvironment and Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Cancer. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10091490. [PMID: 36146567 PMCID: PMC9504083 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a significant non-communicable disease affecting both emergent nations and developed countries. Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck represent the eight major familiar cancer types worldwide, accounting for more than 350,000 established cases every year. Oral cancer is one of the most exigent tumors to control and treat. The survival rate of oral cancer is poor due to local invasion along with recurrent lymph node metastasis. The tumor microenvironment contains a different population of cells, such as fibroblasts associated with cancer, immune-infiltrating cells, and other extracellular matrix non-components. Metastasis in a primary site is mainly due to multifaceted progression known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). For the period of EMT, epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal cell functional and structural characteristics, which lead to cell migration enhancement and promotion of the dissemination of tumor cells. The present review links the tumor microenvironment and the role of EMT in inflammation, transcriptional factors, receptor involvement, microRNA, and other signaling events. It would, in turn, help to better understand the mechanism behind the tumor microenvironment and EMT during oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (A.V.G.)
| | - Sathishkumar Vinayagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Postgraduate and Research Studies, Periyar University, Dharmapuri 635205, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D. S. Prabakaran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Srivilliputhur Main Road, Sivakasi 626124, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sabariswaran Kandasamy
- Institute of Energy Research, Jiangsu University, No 301, Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Gnanasambandan Ramanathan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur 680005, Kerala, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence: (K.R.); (A.V.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ding YF, Lin YW, Chiu WK, Lin CW, Yang YC, Chang LC, Chang J, Yang SF, Chien MH. Combined impacts of histamine receptor H1 gene polymorphisms and an environmental carcinogen on the susceptibility to and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4500-4512. [PMID: 35587368 PMCID: PMC9186772 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequently encountered type of oral cancer. Histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) was reported to play a crucial role in OSCC carcinogenesis, but impacts of genetic variants of HRH1 on OSCC remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the association between functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HRH1 and OSCC susceptibility or clinicopathologic variables by logistic regression models. HRH1 genotypes at four loci (rs346074, rs346076, rs901865, and rs2606731) were analyzed by a TaqMan allelic discrimination assay, and we found that patients harboring HRH1 rs901865 T and rs346074 T alleles had a significantly lower risk of developing larger tumor sizes (>T2) under a dominant model. Based on the environmental carcinogen exposure status, we observed that HRH1 rs901865 polymorphic variants were also associated with a lower risk of developing more-advanced clinical stages (III or IV) in patients with a betel-quid-chewing habit. Moreover, genotype screening of rs901865 and rs346074 in OSCC cell lines showed that cells respectively carrying the CT and TT genotypes expressed lower HRH1 levels compared to cells carrying the CC genotype of rs901865 and rs346074. Furthermore, analyses of TCGA and GEO databases revealed that HRH1 expression levels were upregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and OSCC tissues compared to normal tissues and were correlated with larger tumor sizes and poorer prognoses. These results indicated the involvement of HRH1 SNPs rs901865 and rs346074 in OSCC development and support the interaction between HRH1 gene polymorphisms and an environmental carcinogen as a predisposing factor for OSCC progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Ding
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Wei Lin
- International Master/PhD Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuan Chiu
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Surgery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lun-Ching Chang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA
| | - Jungshan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pathophysiological Roles of Histamine Receptors in Cancer Progression: Implications and Perspectives as Potential Molecular Targets. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081232. [PMID: 34439898 PMCID: PMC8392479 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High levels of histamine and histamine receptors (HRs), including H1R~H4R, are found in many different types of tumor cells and cells in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting their involvement in tumor progression. This review summarizes the latest evidence demonstrating the pathophysiological roles of histamine and its cognate receptors in cancer biology. We also discuss the novel therapeutic approaches of selective HR ligands and their potential prognostic values in cancer treatment. Briefly, histamine is highly implicated in cancer development, growth, and metastasis through interactions with distinct HRs. It also regulates the infiltration of immune cells into the tumor sites, exerting an immunomodulatory function. Moreover, the effects of various HR ligands, including H1R antagonists, H2R antagonists, and H4R agonists, on tumor progression in many different cancer types are described. Interestingly, the expression levels of HR subtypes may serve as prognostic biomarkers in several cancers. Taken together, HRs are promising targets for cancer treatment, and HR ligands may offer novel therapeutic potential, alone or in combination with conventional therapy. However, due to the complexity of the pathophysiological roles of histamine and HRs in cancer biology, further studies are warranted before HR ligands can be introduced into clinical settings.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ling Z, Cheng B, Tao X. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Challenges and opportunities. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:1548-1561. [PMID: 33091960 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy representing 90% of all forms of oral cancer worldwide. Although great efforts have been made in the past decades, the 5-year survival rate of OSCC patients is no more than 60% due to tumor metastasis and subsequent recurrence. The metastasis from the primary site is due to a complex process known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). During the EMT, epithelial cells gradually acquire the structural and functional characteristics of mesenchymal cells, leading to the upregulation of cell migration and the promotion of tumor cell dissemination. Therefore, EMT attracted broad attention due to its close relationship with cancer invasion and metastasis. Therefore, in the present review, an extensive description of the current research on OSCC and the role of EMT in this cancer type is provided, including diverse EMT markers, regulatory networks and crucial EMT-inducing transcription factors in OSCC. Moreover, a brief summary was made regarding the current application of EMT-correlated indexes in the prognostic analysis of OSCC patients, and the potential therapeutic approaches against OSCC and difficulties in the development of an effective anti-EMT treatment are discussed. Our aim is to provide novel insights to develop new strategies to combat OSCC by targeting EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Ling
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salem A, Salo T. Nothing to sneeze at: Histamine and histamine receptors in oral carcinogenesis. Oral Dis 2020; 27:1090-1096. [PMID: 32395857 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most common oral malignancy, shows an increasing rate of incidence worldwide. In spite of the recent advances in cancer research, OSCC therapy continues to have unfavourable outcomes, and thus, patient's prognosis remains relatively poor. Current research has been devoted to identifying novel therapeutic targets also in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Histamine and its G-protein-coupled receptors (H1R-H4R) play vital roles in multiple cancer-associated processes in TME, where histamine is mainly produced by mast cells. However, oral epithelial cells were recently shown to produce low concentrations of histamine in autocrine and paracrine modes. These findings, together with the discovery of the high-affinity histamine H4 receptor, have led to a massive increase in our understanding of histamine functions. In this review, we aim to summarize the most recent findings regarding histamine and its receptors and their involvement in oral carcinogenesis-from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) to invasive OSCC. Importantly, histamine receptors are differentially expressed in OPMDs and OSCC. Furthermore, H1R and H4R are associated with clinicopathological characteristics of OSCC patients, suggesting a role in prognosis. Due to the enormous success of histamine-based medications, histamine receptors may also represent promising and viable drug targets in oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Translational Immunology Research Program (TRIMM), Research Program Unit (RPU), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Massari NA, Nicoud MB, Medina VA. Histamine receptors and cancer pharmacology: an update. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:516-538. [PMID: 30414378 PMCID: PMC7012953 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present review, we will discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the role of histamine and histamine receptors in cancer biology. The controversial role of the histaminergic system in different neoplasias including gastric, colorectal, oesophageal, oral, pancreatic, liver, lung, skin, blood and breast cancers will be reviewed. The expression of histamine receptor subtypes, with special emphasis on the histamine H4 receptor, in different cell lines and human tumours, the signal transduction pathways and the associated biological responses as well as the in vivo treatment of experimental tumours with pharmacological ligands will be described. The presented evidence demonstrates that histamine regulates cancer-associated biological processes during cancer development in multiple cell types, including neoplastic cells and cells in the tumour micro-environment. The outcome will depend on tumour cell type, the level of expression of histamine receptors, signal transduction associated with these receptors, tumour micro-environment and histamine metabolism, reinforcing the complexity of cancer disease. Findings show the pivotal role of H4 receptors in the development and progression of many types of cancers, and considering its immunomodulatory properties, the H4 receptor appears to be the most promising molecular therapeutic target for cancer treatment within the histamine receptor family. Furthermore, the H4 receptor is differentially expressed in tumours compared with normal tissues, and in most cancer types in which data are available, H4 receptor expression is associated with clinicopathological characteristics, suggesting that H4 receptors might represent a novel cancer biomarker. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on New Uses for 21st Century. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.3/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noelia A Massari
- Department of Immunology, School of Natural and Health SciencesNational University of Patagonia San Juan BoscoComodoro RivadaviaArgentina
| | - Melisa B Nicoud
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Inflammation, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical SciencesPontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Vanina A Medina
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Inflammation, Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), School of Medical SciencesPontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET)Buenos AiresArgentina
- Laboratory of Radioisotopes, School of Pharmacy and BiochemistryUniversity of Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salem A, Almahmoudi R, Listyarifah D, Siponen M, Maaninka K, Al-Samadi A, Salo T, Eklund KK. Histamine H 4 receptor signalling in tongue cancer and its potential role in oral carcinogenesis - a short report. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:621-630. [PMID: 28653289 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent reports indicate that histamine and its novel, high-affinity histamine H4 receptor (H4R) play a role in carcinogenesis, and thus H4R signalling has become a focus of increasing interest in the pathogenesis of many cancers. The roles of H4R in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) are unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess H4R expression in OTSCC patients and in OTSCC-derived cell lines. METHODS Biopsies taken from OED, OTSCC and healthy oral mucosa were studied by immunostaining. Primary human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) and two OTSCC-derived cell lines (HSC-3 and SCC-25) were used for the in vitro studies. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure oncogene expression in the stimulated HOKs. RESULTS We found that H4R-immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in the OED and OTSCC samples, especially in the samples with higher histopathological grades and noticeably increased mast cell counts. The presence of H4R in HSC-3 cells had clearly waned, in contrast to the HOKs. Gene expression data indicated that histamine-relevant inflammatory and environmental elements may participate in the regulation of oncogenes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an association between H4R and oral carcinogenesis. Furthermore, our findings raise a potential implication of histamine-mediated factors in the regulation of oncogenes, possibly via mast cells, as crucial components of the tumor microenvironment. The identification of new elements that govern oral cancer development is highly relevant for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in OTSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Salem
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, PO Box 63, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Rabeia Almahmoudi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, PO Box 63, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dyah Listyarifah
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, PO Box 63, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Maria Siponen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | | | - Ahmed Al-Samadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, PO Box 63, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, Biomedicum Helsinki 1, PO Box 63, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.,Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Kari K Eklund
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Rheumatology, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma W, Zhang D, Li J, Che D, Liu R, Zhang J, Zhang Y. Interactions between histamine H1 receptor and its antagonists by using cell membrane chromatography method. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1567-74. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
A high histamine H1 receptor (H1R) expression cell membrane chromatography (CMC) method was developed to investigate the affinity of ligands for H1R.
Methods
The affinity of ligands for H1R was evaluated by frontal analysis. Competition studies and molecular docking study were utilized to study the interactions that occurred at specific binding sites on H1R.
Key findings
The KD values measured by frontal analysis were (8.72 ± 0.21) × 10−7 M for azelastine, (9.12 ± 0.26) × 10−7 M for cyproheptadine, (9.90 ± 0.18) × 10−7 M for doxepin, (1.42 ± 0.13) × 10−6 M for astemizole, (2.25 ± 0.36) × 10−6 M for chlorpheniramine and (3.10 ± 0.27) × 10−6 M for diphenhydramine. The results had a positive correlation with those from radioligand binding assay. The ability of displacement order measured on the binding sites occupied by doxepin was doxepin (KD, (2.95 ± 0.21) × 10−8 M) > astemizole (KD, (5.03 ± 0.18) × 10−7 M) > chlorpheniramine (KD, (1.27 ± 0.16) × 10−6 M) > cyproheptadine (KD, (1.61 ± 0.27) × 10−6 M), whose order met with the scores by molecular docking study.
Conclusions
The studies showed CMC could be applied to investigate drug–receptor interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weina Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Delu Che
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shen Y, Xu J, Jin J, Tang H, Liang J. Cyclin D1 expression in Bowen's disease and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2014; 2:545-548. [PMID: 24940492 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2014.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 is a member of the G1 cyclin family that regulates the transition through the G1 phase of the cell cycle and is involved in the neoplastic transformation of certain tumors. This study was designed to investigate the expression of cyclin D1 in Bowen's disease (BD) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Biopsies of 30 cases with BD and 24 cases with SCC confirmed by histopathology were obtained from the Department of Dermatology of Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China. EnVision immunohistochemical technology with a semiquantitative immunohistochemical score was applied to detect the expression of cyclin D1. Of the 24 specimens with SCC, cyclin D1 was found to be positive in 17 (70.8%), whereas of the 30 specimens with BD, cyclin D1 was found to be positive in 13 (43.3%). The expression of cyclin D1 was significantly higher in the SCC compared to that in the BD group. We did not observe a significant association of cyclin D1 expression with different pathological grades of SCC. In conclusion, cyclin D1 plays a significant role as a diagnostic marker in skin tumors and its overexpression was not found to be correlated with the degree of differentiation of SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyun Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jin Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Grimm M, Munz A, Exarchou A, Polligkeit J, Reinert S. Immunohistochemical detection of Helicobacter pylori without association of TLR5 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2013; 43:35-44. [PMID: 23659788 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 15% of human deaths from cancer are associated with chronic viral or bacterial infections. Helicobacter pylori (HP), a flagellated, Gram-negative, spiral, microaerophilic bacteria is considered to be the most common chronic bacterial infection in humans. Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is involved in recognition of bacterial flagella and is thought to promote tumour growth through inflammation-dependent mechanisms in epithelial cells. METHODS Expression of HP and TLR5 was analysed in OSCC specimen (n = 191) by immunohistochemistry. TLR5 expression specificity was conducted by Western blotting in cancer cell lines (BICR3, BICR56). TLR5-stained sections were scanned and digitally analysed using ImageJ and the immunomembrane plug-in. HP expression and TLR5 expression were associated with clinicopathological characteristics and impact on survival. RESULTS Helicobacter pylori detection was significantly associated with recurrence of the tumour, whereas TLR5 expression was not. Multivariate analysis demonstrated HP expression as an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.0260). TLR5 specificity was confirmed by Western blot analysis. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, this study provides evidence that immunohistochemically detected HP expression in OSCC is associated with reduced disease-free survival in a large patient cohort. Although TLR5 was not associated with any clinicopathological characteristics or impact on survival, investigation of the TLR family seems to be reasonable due to the possible existence of other pathogenic bacterial or viral compounds in oral cavity cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grimm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 immunohistochemical expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:269-76. [PMID: 23494454 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0967-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gene products, which show a significant association to cell proliferation and cell cycle control, are of high scientific interest, because genes as well as gene products could be possible targets for a specific therapeutic approach and eventually be prognostic markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cyclin D1 expression and amplification as well as the Ki-67 expression status were examined in a two tissue microarray analysis for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) including 546 patients. A tumour site-specific analysis and a survival analysis of 222 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were performed. Cyclin D1 amplification status was examined with fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis, while cyclin D1 expression and Ki-67 expression status were examined with IHC. RESULTS Amplification of the CCND1 gene and immunohistochemical expression of cyclin D1 and Ki-67 were examined in 546 tumours of the head and neck region in two tissue microarrays. CCND1 amplification was significantly more frequent in pharyngeal carcinomas (63%) than in laryngeal (37%) and oral (25%) carcinomas. Among the 222 cases of OSCCs, both CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 expression were significantly associated with overall survival of the patients (p = 0.0127 and p = 0.0004, respectively). Ki-67 expression was significantly associated with cyclin D1 expression and with amplification of the CCND1 gene (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0015, respectively) but not with patient overall survival. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the prognostic value of CCND1 amplification and cyclin D1 expression for patients with OSCC and highlight the genetic differences in HNSCC of different subanatomic localisation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cyclin D1 expression and CCND1 amplification seem to have a prognostic value for OSCC. Further studies of HNSCC should always consider subanatomic genetic differences.
Collapse
|
12
|
CognitionMaster: an object-based image analysis framework. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:34. [PMID: 23445542 PMCID: PMC3626931 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Automated image analysis methods are becoming more and more important to extract and quantify image features in microscopy-based biomedical studies and several commercial or open-source tools are available. However, most of the approaches rely on pixel-wise operations, a concept that has limitations when high-level object features and relationships between objects are studied and if user-interactivity on the object-level is desired. Results In this paper we present an open-source software that facilitates the analysis of content features and object relationships by using objects as basic processing unit instead of individual pixels. Our approach enables also users without programming knowledge to compose “analysis pipelines“ that exploit the object-level approach. We demonstrate the design and use of example pipelines for the immunohistochemistry-based cell proliferation quantification in breast cancer and two-photon fluorescence microscopy data about bone-osteoclast interaction, which underline the advantages of the object-based concept. Conclusions We introduce an open source software system that offers object-based image analysis. The object-based concept allows for a straight-forward development of object-related interactive or fully automated image analysis solutions. The presented software may therefore serve as a basis for various applications in the field of digital image analysis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Seifert R, Strasser A, Schneider EH, Neumann D, Dove S, Buschauer A. Molecular and cellular analysis of human histamine receptor subtypes. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2013; 34:33-58. [PMID: 23254267 PMCID: PMC3869951 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2012.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 11/03/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The human histamine receptors hH(1)R and hH(2)R constitute important drug targets, and hH(3)R and hH(4)R have substantial potential in this area. Considering the species-specificity of pharmacology of H(x)R orthologs, it is important to analyze hH(x)Rs. Here, we summarize current knowledge of hH(x)Rs endogenously expressed in human cells and hH(x)Rs recombinantly expressed in mammalian and insect cells. We present the advantages and disadvantages of the various systems. We also discuss problems associated with the use of hH(x)R antibodies, an issue of general relevance for G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). There is much greater overlap in activity of 'selective' ligands for other hH(x)Rs than the cognate receptor subtype than generally appreciated. Studies with native and recombinant systems support the concept of ligand-specific receptor conformations, encompassing agonists and antagonists. It is emerging that for characterization of hH(x)R ligands, one cannot rely on a single test system and a single parameter. Rather, multiple systems and parameters have to be studied. Although such studies are time-consuming and expensive, ultimately, they will increase drug safety and efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Seifert
- Institute of Pharmacology, Medical School of Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|