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Tumer H, Orhan K, Aksoy S, Berberoglu A. Cone-beam-computed tomography evaluation of mandibular nutrient canals in patients with periodontal diseases. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:59-64. [PMID: 36751825 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_210_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographically the prevalence of mandibular nutrient canals (NCs) in patients with/without periodontal bone loss with aging and to correlate the number of NCs with the severity of bone loss using cone-beam-computed tomography (CBCT). Patients and Methods CBCT examinations of 208 patients were evaluated retrospectively of all patients, 114 had periodontal bone loss, whereas 94 patients were control subjects. Alveolar bone loss investigations were performed according to the Progressive Rate Index. Results NCs were observed in 55% of the control group and 86% of the periodontitis patients. NCs were more prevalent in the elderly age group with periodontal bone loss. In the study group, the NCs were statistically more frequent than in the control subjects (P > 0.05). Conclusion Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the age groups and the prevalence of NCs increased in patients with periodontal alveolar bone loss with aging (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tumer
- Department of Periodontology, Final International University, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - K Orhan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, University of Ankara, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Aksoy
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - A Berberoglu
- Department of Periodontology, Ada Kent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin 10, Turkey
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Bifid Mandibular Canal: A Proportional Meta-Analysis of Computed Tomography Studies. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:9939076. [PMID: 36923560 PMCID: PMC10010879 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9939076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Growing body of evidences showed different grades in prevalence of bifid mandibular canals. Because the previous reviews focused solely on patient-level occurrence, hemi-mandible-level prevalence, bilateral symmetry, length, and diameter of bifid mandibular canals were required to be estimated collectively. The research question of this meta-analysis was "What is the prevalence of bifid mandibular canal among patients seeking computed tomography examinations"? Materials and Methods In vivo, computed tomography, and cross-sectional studies were eligible. Studies, with less than 100 subjects or anatomic site restriction or controlled class of bifid mandibular canal, were excluded. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool for prevalence studies was used to assess methodological quality of all included studies. Random effect meta-analyses for proportion of bifid mandibular canal were done. Results 40 studies met the inclusion criteria. All studies were selected for both systematic review and meta-analyses. Totally, 17714 patients and 31973 hemi-mandibles were included. All eligible studies showed moderate risk of bias on average. Resulting from the random effect model, more than 20% of patients seeking computed tomographic examinations had bifid mandibular canals (BMCs) which penetrated into slightly more than 14% of hemi-mandibles. Of the patients having bifid mandibular canals (BMCs), nearly 23% exhibited such anatomy on both sides of their mandibles. Estimated mean length and diameter of the accessory canals of bifid mandibular canals were 12.17 mm and 1.54 mm, respectively. Conclusion The geographical locations, classifications, reliability test, and voxel size of computed tomography were all implicated in the prevalence of bifid mandibular canals along with gender and laterality, although considerable heterogeneity and bias were detected.
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Assessment of Accessory Canals and Foramina in the Mandibular Arch Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography and a New Classification for Mandibular Accessory Canals. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5542030. [PMID: 35198636 PMCID: PMC8860559 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5542030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The objectives of the study include the following: (i) to assess the presence of accessory canals and foramina in the body of the mandible using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), (ii) to evaluate the location, number, diameter, and length of accessory canals in the body of the mandible, and (iii) to propose a new classification for mandibular accessory canals based on the location. Methods A total of 50 (25 males and 25 females) CBCT scans were analyzed in three anatomical planes and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions for the exact number, location, diameter, and accessory length canals and accessory foramina in the body of the mandible. The statistical analysis used was an independent t-test. Results Out of 50 CBCT scans, a total of 243 accessory canals and 245 accessory foramina were found. About 53% of accessory canals and foramina were found in males, while 47% were observed in females; 89% were evident in the anterior region, and only 11% were in the posterior region. The majority (64%) of the medial lingual canals had a diameter greater than or equal to 1 mm, while only 32% of accessory canals had a diameter of less than 1 mm (p < 0.05). The mean length of median lingual canals in females was 1.2910 ± 0.2582 mm and 2.6438 ± 0.5288 mm in male subjects. Mandibular accessory canals are classified broadly into anterior and posterior accessory canals, which have further subdivisions. Conclusion CBCT plays a dynamic role in determining the mandible location of various neurovascular structures, including accessory canals and foramina. Female subjects were observed with more accessory canals and foramina and more common in the anterior region than in the posterior region.
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Rathod S, Lathiya V, Rathod Y, Bhide A. Assessment of Mandibular Anterior Nutrient Canals in Patients with and without Periodontal Disease: A Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Study. JOURNAL OF INDIAN ACADEMY OF ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jiaomr.jiaomr_45_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Miličević A, Salarić I, Đanić P, Miličević H, Macan K, Orihovac Ž, Zajc I, Brajdić D, Macan D. Anatomical Variations of the Bifid Mandibular Canal on Panoramic Radiographs in Citizens from Zagreb, Croatia. Acta Stomatol Croat 2021; 55:248-255. [PMID: 34658371 PMCID: PMC8514228 DOI: 10.15644/asc55/3/2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The bifid mandibular canal (BMC) is an anatomical variation with reported prevalence ranging from 0.08 to 65%. Identifying anatomical variations of mandibular canal is very important in order to prevent possible complications during oral surgical and other dental procedures. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and to classify the morphology of BMCs using digital panoramic radiographs. Material and methods A retrospective study was conducted that included 1008 digital panoramic radiographs (412 female and 596 male) used to identify the type of BMC. Panoramic radiographs were analyzed by three oral surgeons and one dentist, and BMCs were classified into six different types, 4 types according to Langlais et al. (types 1-4), and two new types (types 5 and 6) described by authors. Results The prevalence of BMC was 4.66% (n=47), with no significant differences in gender between BMC types (P=0.947; χ2=0.74). The prevalence of type 1 BMC was 0.79% (n=8), type 2 2.08% (n=21), type 3 0.30% (n=3), type 4 0% (n=0), type 5 0.89% (n=9) and type 6 0.60% (n=6). Conclusion This study revealed a relatively high prevalence of BMCs among Zagreb citizens. Furthermore, two new types of BMCs were described. These results stress the importance of a careful and thorough radiographic analysis prior to each invasive procedure in the mandible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ante Miličević
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Salarić
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petar Đanić
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Klara Macan
- University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Željko Orihovac
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Zajc
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Brajdić
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darko Macan
- Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital Dubrava, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Barbosa DAF, de Mendonça DS, de Carvalho FSR, Kurita LM, de Barros Silva PG, Neves FS, Costa FWG. Systematic review and meta-analysis of lingual foramina anatomy and surgical-related aspects on cone-beam computed tomography: a PROSPERO-registered study. Oral Radiol 2021; 38:1-16. [PMID: 33609258 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-021-00516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to summarize the evidence regarding lingual foramen (LF) characteristics using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS A registered systematic review (#42,019,145,962) was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements. An electronic search without date or language restrictions was performed in five databases, including grey literature (Google Scholar and ProQuest). The Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used to evaluate the selected studies. RESULTS A total of 6641 articles were identified, and 26 studies (8255 CBCT scans) were selected after a three-step selection process. There was a female predominance, and age ranged between 10 and 93 years. A total of 4336 LFs were observed among men (n = 2042) and women (n = 2294). Of this LF-related sample, 43.5% of the studies were from Asia, followed by Europe (33.5%), North America (14%), and South America (9%). Different distances from the LF to the alveolar crest (11.04-20.4 mm), buccal (4.73-4.91 mm), and lingual (8.75 mm) cortices and the inferior border of the mandible (8.48-26.59 mm) were evaluated. CONCLUSION In summary, this systematic review found that LF is an anatomical structure with a high prevalence among the included studies (greater than 90%), regardless of the population evaluated. The occurrence of at least one LF was the most common pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Almeida Ferreira Barbosa
- Division of Oral Radiology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, 1273, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-355, Brazil.
| | - Diego Santiago de Mendonça
- Division of Oral Radiology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, 1273, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-355, Brazil
| | | | - Lúcio Mitsuo Kurita
- Division of Oral Radiology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, 1273, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-355, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fábio Wildson Gurgel Costa
- Division of Oral Radiology, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Monsenhor Furtado, 1273, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP, Fortaleza, CE, 60430-355, Brazil
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Abstract
Surgical interventions in the anterior region of the human mandible are associated with many complications. Some anatomical structures like the median perforating canal were discovered in mammals. Such canals may be a cause of concern that needs attention in human mandible. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence, location, and course of median perforating canal and its associated extensions in the anterior segment of the human mandible in cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCT). Data were collected from 160 CBCT scans, and evaluated. The incidence was 23.75% for median perforating canal with wide anatomical variations concerning the related lingual and labial extensions. Median perforating canal and their associated lingual and labial foramina are frequently seen in human mandible. A thorough investigation of the symphyseal region using CBCT must be taken into account when targeting surgical intervention in this area.
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Evaluation of Mandibular Lingual Foramina With Cone-Beam Computed Tomography. J Craniofac Surg 2018; 29:e389-e394. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Ogawa A, Fukuta Y, Nakasato H, Nakasato S. Evaluation by dental cone-beam computed tomography of the incidence and sites of branches of the inferior dental canal that supply mandibular third molars. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:1116-1120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ogawa A, Fukuta Y, Nakasato H, Nakasato S. Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of nutrient canals and foramina in the anterior region of the mandible. Surg Radiol Anat 2016; 38:1029-1032. [DOI: 10.1007/s00276-016-1664-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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