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Zhang S, Wu L, Zhang M, He K, Wang X, Lin Y, Li S, Chen J. Occlusal Disharmony-A Potential Factor Promoting Depression in a Rat Model. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12060747. [PMID: 35741632 PMCID: PMC9221239 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12060747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Patients with occlusal disharmony (OD) may be susceptible to depression. The hypothalamus−pituitary−adrenal axis, 5-HT and 5HT2AR in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala, and hippocampus are involved in the modulation of emotion and depression. This study investigated whether OD affects the HPA axis and 5-HT system and, subsequently, produces depression-like behaviors in rats. Materials and methods: OD was produced by removing 0.5 and 0.25 mm of hard tissue from the cusps of the maxillary molars in randomly selected sides of Sprague−Dawley rats. CUS involved exposure to 2 different stressors per day for 35 days. OD-, CUS-, and OD + CUS-treated groups and an untreated control group were compared in terms of behavior, endocrine status and brain histology. Results: There were significant differences among the four groups in the behavior tests (p < 0.05), especially in the sucrose preference test, where there was a significant decrease in the OD group compared to the control group. ACTH and CORT concentrations were significantly higher in the OD + CUS group than the control group (p < 0.05). Expression of GR and 5-HT2AR in the PFC, amygdala and hippocampal CA1 was significantly higher in the OD, CUS and OD + CUS groups than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: OD promotes depression-like behaviors through peripheral and central pathways via the HPA axis, GR and 5-HT system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihui Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (S.Z.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.L.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (X.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Ling Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (S.Z.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Mi Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (S.Z.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kaixun He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (S.Z.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xudong Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (X.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Yuxuan Lin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (S.Z.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shuxian Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (X.W.); (S.L.)
| | - Jiang Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (S.Z.); (L.W.); (M.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.L.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China; (X.W.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Miyata H, Tani R, Toratani S, Okamoto T. Effects of Tongue Pressure on Cerebral Blood Volume Dynamics: A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020296. [PMID: 35204059 PMCID: PMC8870264 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongue pressure measurement (TPM) is an indicator of oral function. However, the association between tongue pressure and cerebral activation remains unclear. We used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to examine the correlation between cerebral cortex activation and tongue pressure stimulation against the anterior palatal mucosa. We measured voluntary maximum tongue pressure (MTP) using a TPM device; a pressure value of approximately 60% of the MTP was used for the experimental tongue pressure (MTP60%). We examined the effect of oral functional tongue pressure stimulation against the anterior palatal mucosa on cerebral activation using NIRS in 13 adults. Tongue pressure stimulation caused significant changes in cerebral blood flow in some areas compared with controls (p < 0.05). We performed a correlation analysis (p < 0.05) between MTP60% and changes in oxygenated hemoglobin in all 47 NIRS channels. MTP60% triggered activation of the right somatosensory motor area and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and deactivation of the anterior prefrontal cortex (APFC). TPM balloon-probe insertion in the oral cavity activated the bilateral somatosensory motor area and deactivated the wide area of the APFC. Moreover, MTP60% via the TPM balloon probe activated the bilateral somatosensory and motor cortex areas. Tongue pressure stimulation changes cerebral blood flow, and NIRS is useful in investigating the relationship between oral stimulation and brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemasa Miyata
- Department of Molecular Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (H.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Ryouji Tani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5665; Fax: +81-82-257-5669
| | - Shigeaki Toratani
- Department of Molecular Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (H.M.); (S.T.)
| | - Tetsuji Okamoto
- School of Medical Sciences, University of East Asia, 2-1 Ichinomiyagakuenchō, Shimonoseki 751-8503, Japan;
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mastication improves cognitive function by activating cerebral cortical activity, and it is important to demonstrate the cognitive effects of masticatory training using a variety of different interventions. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of masticatory exercise on cognitive function in healthy older adults living in the community. METHODS: For six weeks, twelve participants performed a masticatory exercise using a NOSICK exerciser device, and thirteen subjects performed daily life without masticatory exercises. Trail Making Test, Digit Span Test, and Stroop test were used to measure the cognitive function. RESULTS: The participants in the experimental group showed significant improvements in TMT-A/B (p= 0.001 and 0.004), DST-forward (p= 0.001), and ST-word (p= 0.001). The effect sizes after the intervention were calculated as (1.2 and 0.8) for TMT-A/B, (0.8 and 0.2) for Digit Span Test forward/backward, and (0.6 and 0.2) for Stroop test color/word. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the masticatory exercises improve cognitive function in healthy older adults. Therefore, masticatory exercises can be used as a therapeutic exercise during cognitive rehabilitation.
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Karunakaran KD, Peng K, Berry D, Green S, Labadie R, Kussman B, Borsook D. NIRS measures in pain and analgesia: Fundamentals, features, and function. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 120:335-353. [PMID: 33159918 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Current pain assessment techniques based only on clinical evaluation and self-reports are not objective and may lead to inadequate treatment. Having a functional biomarker will add to the clinical fidelity, diagnosis, and perhaps improve treatment efficacy in patients. While many approaches have been deployed in pain biomarker discovery, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a technology that allows for non-invasive measurement of cortical hemodynamics. The utility of fNIRS is especially attractive given its ability to detect specific changes in the somatosensory and high-order cortices as well as its ability to measure (1) brain function similar to functional magnetic resonance imaging, (2) graded responses to noxious and innocuous stimuli, (3) analgesia, and (4) nociception under anesthesia. In this review, we evaluate the utility of fNIRS in nociception/pain with particular focus on its sensitivity and specificity, methodological advantages and limitations, and the current and potential applications in various pain conditions. Everything considered, fNIRS technology could enhance our ability to evaluate evoked and persistent pain across different age groups and clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthana Deepti Karunakaran
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States.
| | - Ke Peng
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States; Département en Neuroscience, Centre de Recherche du CHUM, l'Université de Montréal Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Delany Berry
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Stephen Green
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Robert Labadie
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Barry Kussman
- Division of Cardiac Anesthesia, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - David Borsook
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States.
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Narita N, Ishii T, Iwaki S, Kamiya K, Okubo M, Uchida T, Kantake I, Shibutani K. Prefrontal Consolidation and Compensation as a Function of Wearing Denture in Partially Edentulous Elderly Patients. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 11:375. [PMID: 32082135 PMCID: PMC7005254 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cognitive effects of wearing a denture are not well understood. This study was conducted to clarify the effects of denture use on prefrontal and chewing muscle activities, occlusal state, and subjective chewing ability in partially edentulous elderly individuals. Methods A total of 16 partially edentulous patients were enrolled. Chewing-related prefrontal cortex and jaw muscle activities were simultaneously examined using a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) device and electromyography, under the conditions of unwearing, and wearing a denture. Occlusal state and masticatory score were also determined under both conditions. Using multiple linear regression analysis, associations between prefrontal and chewing activities with wearing were examined using change rates. Results Chewing rhythmicity was maintained under both conditions. As compared with unwearing, the wearing condition was associated with improved prefrontal cortex and chewing muscle activities, occlusal state in regard to force and area, and masticatory score. Also, prefrontal activities were positively associated with burst duration and peak amplitude in masseter (Mm) and temporal muscle activities, as well as masticatory scores. In contrast, prefrontal activities were negatively associated with occlusal force. Conclusion Wearing a denture induced a positive association between burst duration and peak amplitude in Mm and temporal muscle activities and prefrontal activity, which may indicate a parallel consolidation of prefrontal cortex and rhythmical chewing activities, as well as masticatory scores. On the other hand, denture use induced a negative association of occlusal force with prefrontal activities, which might suggest that prefrontal compensative associations for the physiocognitive acquisition depended on biomechanical efficacy gained by wearing a denture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Narita
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishii
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Sunao Iwaki
- Automotive Human Factors Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Kamiya
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Okubo
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
| | | | - Ikuo Kantake
- Dental Support Co. Ltd., Chiba, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Koh Shibutani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
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Effect of sleep restriction on somatosensory sensitivity including occlusal sensation in the orofacial area. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 63:193-198. [PMID: 30559085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of sleep restriction on somatosensory sensitivity related to occlusion. METHODS Twelve healthy participants participated in an experimental voluntary total sleep restriction (SR) study. In a study design, they were invited to sleep as usual, normal sleep (NS) or to restrict their sleep for four nights. Following the SR night, participants were followed for 3 consecutive days including the 2 sleep nights. In NS experiment, all participants were instructed to maintain NS both nights. During all nights, actigraphy data were collected and total sleep time was estimated. On days before and after sleep conditions, all participants underwent measurements of tactile detection threshold (TDT), interocclusal detection threshold (IDT), perception of unpleasantness (POU), and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). RESULTS As expected, total sleep time on the first night in SR experiment was significantly shorter than on the second night in SR experiment and on the first night in NS experiment (P<0.05). ESS values on Day-2 following SR experiment were significantly higher than on Day-1 and Day-3 in SR experiment and Day-2 in NS experiment (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in TDT and IDT between each day at each measurement point in both experiments. POU was significantly lower on Day-2 in SR experiment than on Day-1 and Day-3 in SR experiment and on Day-2 in NS experiment (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that SR affects to occlusal sensation related to POU.
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